Linoing na Vinogradov (Dicrostonyx vinogradovi) na voles ne, umarnin rodents.
Alamomin waje na lemming na Vinogradov.
Linoing na Vinogradov babban katako ne, wanda yake da tsayin jiki kusan 17 cm Akwai chromosomes 28 a cikin karyotype. Launin fur din a saman toka ne mai toka, akwai launuka masu launin ruwan kasa da ƙananan aibobi na inuwar cream. Babu duhu duhu da kwala mai haske a bayan baya. Ana ganin launin baƙar fata kawai akan sacrum. Kan yana da duhu launin toka. Kunnuna launin toka ne mai haske. Jikin ya yi jajaye a gefunan. Yaran lemmings masu launin ruwan kasa ne masu launin toka.
Hakanan baƙin madaurin yana tsaye a tsakiyar tsakiyar baya. Linoing na Vinogradov ya bambanta da nau'o'in da ke da alaƙa a cikin doguwa da ƙwanƙwan kai, tare da faɗaɗa yankin yanki mai ƙarfi. A lokacin hunturu, launi na Jawo ya zama fari. Ya bambanta da lemming na Ob a cikin launin toka mai launin toka na ƙananan jiki. Babu tabarau masu launin ja a ƙananan baya. Auricles launin ruwan kasa ne, tare da tabo mai ruɗi a gindi.
Ara maganar leken Vinogradov.
Vinogradov ana samun lafazi ne kawai a Tsibirin Wrangel. Wannan jinsin beraye yana da yawan tsibiri. Yana zaune a gabar tekun yankin Anadyr (RF, Northern Chukotka). Ya bazu a yankin 7600 km2.
Gidajen Vinogradov's lemming.
Lemming Vinogradov a lokacin rani yana rayuwa da nau'o'in halittu daban-daban. Yana faruwa tare da filaye da raƙuman bushe. Yana zaune a cikin tsaunuka tsakanin filayen ƙasa mai dausayi. Guje wa wurare masu danshi tare da tsayayyen ruwa. Ya fi son busassun duwatsu. Hakan na faruwa tare da rafuka da kuma kwaruruka masu rafi, waɗanda ke da ciyawar da ke da ƙarancin amma wadatattun ciyayi da ciyayi. Sau da yawa yana rayuwa tare da wasu rodents a kusa. A lokacin hunturu, lafuffukan Vinogradov suna taruwa a wuraren da dusar ƙanƙara ta fara, yawanci akan gangaren tsaunuka da kuma a ƙauyuka.
Darajar Vinogradov ta lemming a cikin yanayin halittu.
Maganganun Vinogradov na ba da gudummawa ga ƙaruwar yalwar ƙasa a tsibirin, tunda lokacin da ake haƙa ramuka yana motsa ƙasa kuma yana ƙaruwa da iska zuwa tushen tsire-tsire. Wannan nau'ikan lemming wata hanya ce mai mahimmanci a cikin sarƙoƙin abinci na mazaunan tsibirin. A cikin shekarun da ba su da kyau, lokacin da yawan leken da Vinogradov ke yi ya ragu matuka, dawakan Arctic da sauran masu farauta suna cin kwai da kajin na Anseriformes iri-iri. Sannan akwai karuwar yawan beraye, kuma sun zama babban abinci ga manyan tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu shayarwa.
Lemming Vinogradov abincinsa.
Linoings na Vinogradov suna zaune ne a cikin ƙananan yankuna. Partsananan sassan tsirrai sun fi yawa a cikin abincin, babban abincin shine shrubs, shuke-shuke iri-iri, musamman hatsi. Beraye suna adana abinci a ƙarshen Yuli kuma su sake dawowa a watan Agusta. Matsakaicin adadin abincin da aka girbe ya kai kimanin kilogram goma. Don karamin sanda, wannan kyakkyawan adadi ne mai ban sha'awa.
Fasali na halayen Vinogradov lemming.
Linoings na Vinogradov suna gina hadaddun hanyoyin karkashin kasa wadanda suka mamaye yanki na kusan 30 m2 a karkashin kasa. Bugu da ƙari, burrows suna da ƙofar shiga 30, wanda ke tabbatar da amincin waɗannan ƙananan rodents. Hanyoyin da ke karkashin kasa suna daidai da matakin daya, kimanin 25 cm daga farfajiya, amma wasu hanyoyin sun nitse zuwa zurfin kusan 50 cm.
Sake bugun lemming na Vinogradov
Vinogradov's lemmings suna yaduwa a duk lokacin bazara kuma suna haihuwa a cikin hunturu, ƙarƙashin ƙanƙara. Mace tana ɗaukar cuba cuba na kwanaki 16-30.
Mace tana ba da litar 1-2 a lokacin bazara, kuma a lokacin dusar ƙanƙara har zuwa litta 5-6.
A lokacin rani galibi ana ba da lemmings na matasa 5-6 a cikin ramin, kuma 3-4 a lokacin sanyi. Yaran berayen da aka haifa a lokacin rani basa kiwo a lokacin bazara. Adadin ci gaban ƙirar matasa ya dogara sosai da matakin sake zagayowar yawan jama'a. Beraye suna girma cikin sauri yayin ɓacin rai da kuma hankali yayin kololuwa. Lissafin samari suna zama masu zaman kansu a kusan kwanaki 30. Ba da daɗewa ba za su iya haihuwar zuriya. Berayen suna rayuwa a cikin yanayi tsawon watanni, har zuwa kusan shekaru 1-2.
Adadin lemar aikin Vinogradov.
Linoing na Vinogradov yana da iyakantaccen rarrabuwa, kuma yawan mutane yana canzawa sosai, kodayake irin waɗannan sauye-sauye na yau da kullun ne na yanayin rayuwar. Akwai wasu shaidu da ke nuna cewa yanayin rayuwar beraye a sassa daban-daban na tsibirin bai daidaita ba. Canjin yanayi babbar barazana ce ga jinsin, saboda hawa da sauka a yawan lemming ya dogara da tsarin icing a yankin a lokacin hunturu. Koyaya, bayanai game da barazanar da yanayin ƙasa na ƙananan beraye sun isa. A halin yanzu, lafazin Vinogradov yana cikin jerin dabbobi a rukunin “nau'in dabbobin da ke cikin hatsari". Wannan jinsi yana fuskantar yawan karuwar yawan jama'a. Masu bincike daban-daban sunyi nazarin tasirin wannan tsari daga 1964 zuwa 1998. A wannan lokacin, kololuwar ɓarkewar yawan jama'a ya faru a 1966, 1970, 1981, 1984 da 1994.
Tsakanin lokacin rage yawan mutane da kuma karuwar yawan dabbobi, adadin dabbobi ya banbanta sau 250-350.
A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, hauhawa ko faɗuwa ba ya wuce fiye da shekara guda, kuma bayan raguwar yawan jama'a, ƙaruwa a hankali ke faruwa. Koyaya, tun daga 1986, sake zagayowar yau da kullun ya rikice. Tun daga wannan lokacin, adadin beraye ya kasance a cikin yanayin ɓacin rai kuma ƙimar haifuwa a 1994 karami ce. Fiye da shekaru 40 na bincike, tsarin rayuwar lamuran Vinogradov ya karu daga shekaru biyar zuwa takwas. Yawan lemmings a Wrangel Island yana shafar ƙurar ƙasa a cikin hunturu, wanda na iya jinkirta ɓarkewar na dogon lokaci.
Matsayin kiyayewa na lemming na Vinogradov.
Linoings na Vinogradov suna da rauni saboda iyakancewar rarrabuwarsu da sananniyar canjin yanayin yawan jama'a. Adadin mutane na canzawa kowace shekara. Yankin Tsibirin Wrangel yanki ne mai kariya. Linoing na Vinogradov yana da matsayin kiyayewa na “DD” (ƙarancin bayanai), amma ana iya sanya shi tsakanin mafi ƙarancin haɗari da masu rauni.
Jawabin Vinogradov yana da mahimmanci ga sauyin yanayi wanda aka lura dashi akan Tsibirin Wrangel tun ƙarshen 1990s. Lokaci na ƙarshe mai dumi wanda icing ya biyo baya yana shafar kiwon berayen saboda haihuwa kamar ya dogara ne da yanayin yanayin hunturu.
Adana lamuran Vinogradov.
Vinogradov an ba da kariya ga lemming a cikin Tsibirin Tsibiri na Wrangel. Wannan sandararren yana daga cikin jinsunan baya a cikin yanayin halittar tundra na tsibirin Wrangel. Waɗannan sun haɗa da nau'ikan 'yan ƙasa guda uku na yau da kullun - fox arctic (Alopex lagopus) da nau'i biyu na lemmings. Wurin ajiyar gida yana dauke da nau'ikan tsibirai guda biyu masu fama da cutar - Siberian lemming (Lemmus sibiricus portenkoi Tch.) Da kuma Vinogradov lemming (Dicrostonyx vinogradovi Ognev). Suna da bambance-bambance wanda ke ba da damar rarrabe yawan mazauna gida da na manyan yankuna ta halaye da dabi'un halittu.
