Sikeli na zinare (Pholiota aurivella) sune sanannen namomin kaza waɗanda ake iya gani daga nesa saboda launin rawanin zinare na kan iyakokin. Suna girma cikin rukuni akan bishiyoyi masu rai da waɗanda suka faɗi. Tabbatar da ainihin jinsin yana da wahala kuma ana jayayya game da shi, saboda haka ku ci flakes na zinariya da taka tsantsan. Daredevils suna dafawa suna cin irin wannan naman kaza, suna da'awar cewa dandano yana da kyau, kamar naman kaza irin na porcini. Sauran mutanen da ke da rauni a ciki suna koka game da raɗaɗi da raɗaɗi, rikicewar narkewa bayan cin ma'aunin zinariya, har ma da dafa abinci mai kyau.
Etymology na sunan naman kaza
Sunan gama gari a cikin Latin Pholiota na nufin "tsinkaye", kuma ma'anar aurivella ana fassara shi da "ulu mai zinariya".
Lokacin da aka girbe amfanin gona
Farkon lokacin don bayyanar jikin 'ya'yan itace shine Afrilu kuma kawai a watan Disamba lokacin girma ya ƙare, ya danganta da yankin da yake girma. A cikin Rasha da Turai, an girbe naman kaza daga Yuli zuwa ƙarshen Nuwamba. Matsakaicin tsayin naman kaza ya kasance 5-20 cm, matsakaicin nisa na hular yakai 3-15 cm.
Bayani na ma'aunin zinariya
Hular koyaushe tana da haske, mai ɗoyi ne ko siriri, rawaya mai launin zinariya, lemu mai launi ko tsatsa, an rufe shi da sikeli masu kusurwa uku masu duhu. Diamita daga 5 zuwa 15 cm Siffar hular ita ce kararrawa mai lankwasawa. Fuskar ta an rufe ta da ma'aunin jan-ruwan inabi, wanda wani lokacin ruwan sama ke wanke shi a cikin ruwan sanyi, wanda ke rikitar da tsarin tantancewar.
Gill na samfuran samari launin rawaya ne, sa'annan su zama launin ruwan kasa kamar yadda alamomin ke ci gaba, da kuma launin ruwan kasa mai tsattsauran ra'ayi a fungi da ya wuce gona da iri. Gullun suna da yawa kuma an haɗe su a kan maɓallin, sau da yawa masu zafin rai a maƙalar da aka makala wa maɓallin.
Mayafin yana da rawaya mai ruwan hoɗi, wanda aka yi shi da ɗaci, ba da daɗewa ba, yana barin yankin annula mai rauni a kan tushe.
Launin kafa daga rawaya zuwa orange-yellow. 6 zuwa 12 mm a diamita kuma 3 zuwa 9 cm a tsayi. An rufe shi da sikeli masu sihiri daga tushe zuwa yankin mai rauni na annular. Yayi santsi akan zobe mai auduga (tsayayyen guntun mayafin fuska). Gwanin kafa yana da yawa, ɓangaren litattafan fibrous, kalar rawaya.
Kullin membrane baya nan; a cikin samfuran samari, ana lura da wani yanki mara karfi a kan kara. Jiki yana da wuya, rawaya rawaya. Haske mai haske rawaya ko tsatsa ta bayyana a gindin tushe. Spores suna launin ruwan kasa, ellipsoidal.
Abun dandano da kamshi masu taushi ne, naman kaza har ma da dan dadi, naman kaza baya fitar da daci a baki.
Inda zaka sami flakes na zinare
Irin wannan nau'ikan fungi na saprobic yana zaban itace mai ruɓewa na shuke-shuke matattu kuma mai rai don girma cikin gungu; galibi ana samun sa akan kudan zuma. Jinsin yana da matukar damuwa ga:
- New Zealand;
- Burtaniya;
- arewaci da tsakiyar Turai;
- Asiya;
- Rasha;
- wasu yankuna na Arewacin Amurka.
Zai yiwu rikicewa tare da ninki biyu da makamantansu namomin kaza
Masu farawa cikin nishaɗin naman kaza wani lokacin sukanyi kuskuren irin wannan zuma na kaka (Armillaria mellea) don ma'aunin zinariya daga nesa, amma suna da huluna daban daban, ƙafafu da sikeli basu da siket.
Rikicin gama gari (Pholiota squarrosa) an banbanta shi da na zinariya ta busassun hula (ba siriri ba), an rufe shi da mugu kuma an daga shi, maimakon madaidaita, sikeli. Wannan nau'in mai guba ne, musamman idan an sha giya tare da naman gwari.
Rikicin gama gari
Sikelin sikelin (Pholiota adiposa) yana da siriri madaidaiciya ba tare da yanki na yau da kullun ba.
Girman ma'auni
Edwanƙwasa flakes (Pholiota cerifera) bai cika siriri ba kamar na zinare, yana da ɗan ɗamarar farin siket ɗinka, ma'aunin duhu a gindin tushe, ya fi son itacen willow don samar da mulkin mallaka.
Lemun tsami (Pholiota limonella), tana da siriri siriri, ana shirya sikeli sosai, a cikin samari gill masu launin toka-zaitun ne, suna girma akan birch da alder.
