AxolotlAmfani ne mai raunin amphibian wanda ke rayuwa a cikin kogunan Mexico. Tana farkawa da dare, a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ya dace ya zama ambistoma, wanda ke farauta a cikin dazuzzukan daji.Axolotl a cikin hoto yayi ban sha'awa. Dabbar tana jan hankali da murmushi mai ban al’ajabi.
Bayanin axolotl da fasalin sa
Matsakaicin girman jikin mutum balagagge shine cm 45, amma mafi yawan waɗannan halittun suna da girman cm 32. Ambibian axolotl ba ya wuce 285 g. Jikinsa yana ɗan tsayi da tsattsauran fata. Mazaunin axolotl ana kiran shi dragon na teku, yana da ƙananan ƙafafu 4, wutsiyar da ba ta kai komaba.
Godiya a gare shi, mazaunin ruwa mai kyau yana motsawa sosai akan ruwa. Kan wannan halitta mai fadi ne, idanuwa duhu ne masu launin ja ko ja, bakin yana da girma. Babban abin dubawa na dragon ruwan shine murmushinsa akan fuskarsa. A karkashin yanayin yanayi, nau'in duhu na axolotls gama gari ne. Kuma mazaunan ɗakunan ruwa na wucin gadi galibi zinariya ne, peach-pinkish ko launi mai launi.
Albino axolotls suna da jajayen idanu. Ba tare da la'akari da nau'in ba, dodon ruwa ya sha bamban da sauran halittun ruwa. Zai iya rayuwa ba kawai a cikin ruwa ba, har ma a ƙasa. Axolotl ya fi son cin abinci:
- kwari;
- soya;
- qwai.
A yau dragon na cikin ruwa ya shahara musamman daga masanan ruwa. Ana kaunarsa saboda kyawunsa na ban mamaki, fasalin ban sha'awa da fara'a. Masana ilimin kimiyyar halittu sun lura cewa axolotl yana da kwarewar sake sabunta abubuwa.
Idan an bar amphibian ba tare da hannu ba, bayan wani lokaci sai ya sake yin sabo. Gabobin ciki na axolotl suma zasu iya murmurewa da kansu. Masana kimiyya suna ci gaba da bincike kan halayen halittar dodon ruwa. Axolotl, ya kasance cikin samartaka, ya zama mai iya ƙirƙirar soya.
Wani karin haske na amphibian shine neoteny. Macijin ruwa yana da ikon hayayyafa, ya rage tsutsa. Zai iya zama gurnani koyaushe. Amma idan mazaunin ruwa mai tsafta ya sami kansa a cikin mawuyacin yanayi a gare shi, zai fara haɓaka sosai.
Lokacin adana axolotl a gida, bai kamata a bar karamin tafki ya bushe ba. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, dodon ruwa ya zama ambistoma. Reincarnation yana da makonni 3 - 4. A wannan lokacin, tsutsa ta rasa gill din da ke gefen jiki, yana canza launi da fasali.
A tsakiyar karni na 19, masana kimiyyar Faransa sun gano cewa axolotl na iya girma. Sannan wasu larvae an ajiye su a cikin lambuna na musamman. Don juya dodo na ruwa zuwa mai son zuciya, an saukar da matakin ruwa a cikin kandami karami na roba kuma an ƙara ƙasa kaɗan.
Bayan ɗan lokaci, axolotl ya fito, a hankali yana dacewa da yanayin rayuwar da aka halitta. Wasu masanan ruwa suna ciyar da halittun cikin ruwa da abinci wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwan haɓakar hormonal. Idan ba ku da ƙwarewar da ta dace, zai fi kyau kada ku yi gwaje-gwaje kan sake reincarnation, tsutsa na iya mutuwa!
Ambistoma ana kwatanta shi da salamander. Jikin dabbobi masu rarrafe yana da girma, kuma yana da girma. Wutsiya matsakaiciya ce a cikin ta, fatar na da laushi musamman, ƙafafu sirara ne. Kan dabba ba karami ba ne.
A cikin yanayi, akwai ambistomas masu launin shuɗi da manyan ratsi mai faɗi. Wadannan dabbobin suna da kashin baya biyu, an shirya hakora a tsari mai karkatarwa. A cikin daji, ambistoma yana rayuwa tsawon shekaru 8 - 10.
Irin
A cikin yanayi, akwai nau'i ɗaya na axolotl - Meziko. Kyakkyawan kyau, mai hankali, wanda ya dace da yanayin tsutsa daban-daban, yana bada zuriya, kasancewarta matashi. Dodan ruwa na Meziko mai saurin tashin hankali ne, mai wayo, mai wasa. Yana da tsutsa na Ambystoma mexicanum, wanda aka samo a cikin Mexico.
Black axolotl ƙungiyoyi ne masu rahusa. Kamar dan uwan ta, tana haihuwa kamar tsutsa. Axolotl na waɗannan ƙananan ƙananan ana ajiye su a cikin ruwa a zafin jiki na ɗaki. Mazaunin ruwa ba shi da aiki sosai, ya fi kwanciyar hankali.
Bakin dodon ruwan baƙar fata ne mai salama, amma yana iya cizon ɗan'uwansa a gabobinsa, don haka mai kiwo yana buƙatar yin taka tsantsan! Idan babu datti ya shiga cikin raunin, sabuntawa zai faru da sauri. Launin jiki ya dogara da halaye irin na tsutsa. Lokacin da kwayoyin halitta suka canza, axolotl ya canza kama zuwa yanayin yanayin jikin sa.
Nau'in daji na wannan amphibian kore ne mai duhu, suna da ɗigon zinariya ko baƙi a saman jiki. Larvae masu launin haske ba safai ba. Irin waɗannan axolotls suna da haɓaka ayyukan kiyayewa. Mutane masu launin launi sune mafiya rauni.
A gida, galibi suna ƙunshe da amphibians masu launin ruwan hoda, waɗanda suke da idanu masu duhu. Albino axolotls suna da ruwan hoda kuma suna da idanu ja. Dodan ruwa na zinare suna da idanu launi iri ɗaya da na jikinsu. Black axolotls suma suna da farin jini sosai. Yawancin lokaci ana samun mutane masu launin haske.
Tiger ambistoma dabba ce da ta bayyana sakamakon maye gurbi. Girman jikinsa ya kai 27 cm (gami da wutsiya). Tigist ambistoma yana da jikin zaitun tare da ɗigon halaye ko ratsi.
Wannan dabbar ta fi son ta kasance a farke da dare. Da rana sai ta ɓuya, da yamma ta fara farautar kayan kwalliya. Albino tiger ambistomas an samo su ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba. Gurasar irin waɗannan dabbobi suna da zurfin ja.
Marmaraambistoma axolotl- halittar gaske wacce babu irinta. Baƙar jikinsa an lulluɓe da ratsiyoyi kama da marmara. Wannan nau'in ambistoma yana da ɗan ƙarami, matsakaiciyar girman mutum 11 cm kawai.
Dabbar tana jagorantar keɓaɓɓun salon rayuwa, yana ɓoye a cikin gandun daji masu rarrafe da yankewa, galibi yana rayuwa cikin ramuka. Gwargwadon marmara yana son cin abinci a kan tsutsotsi, katantanwa, waɗanda ke cikin ɗari-ɗari.
An rarrabe ambistoma axolotl mai launin-rawaya mai rawaya a saman jiki. Amma wasu samfurin wannan nau'in ba su da tabo iri-iri. Dabbar ta fi son buya a cikin kabura, amma galibi tana rarrafe idan an yi ruwa.
Rayuwa da mazauni
A cikin yanayi, ana samun axolotl a cikin kogunan Mexico. Hakanan yana zaune a Lake Xochimilco. Ruwan tafkin da dodon ruwan ya rayu a ciki sun ɓace cikin lokaci. Axolotl ya sami tushe a cikin tabkuna da koguna na tsakiyar hanya.
Yana jin daɗi a cikin ruwa tare da yanayin zafi daga + 14 zuwa + digiri Celsius 19. Amma idan ya sauka zuwa + digri 7 na ɗan lokaci, axolotl ya rayu. Ba a rarrabe tsutsa ta hanyar haɓaka aiki, yana zaune a ƙasan tafki kuma yana jiran ganima don yawo.
Gina Jiki
Idan axolotl dragon ne kuma yana nuna halayya sosai, to da dare kawai. A karkashin yanayin yanayi, tsutsa tana cin kwari da soya. Baki mai fadi yana taimakawa saurin kamawa da hadiye kayan abinci. Lokacin da tsutsa ke farauta, suna sarrafa kwararar ruwa. Axolotls suna haɗiye abincinsu gaba ɗaya. Suna cin tsutsa da soya sau ɗaya a kowace kwana 2. Idan babu abinci kwata-kwata, axolotl zai yi azumin kwanaki 15. Wasu mutane suna ciyar da abokan aikinsu.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Tsutsa, ɗan wata 6, ya balaga da jima'i. Tsawon jikinsa bai wuce cm 25. Lokacin saduwa na dragon na ruwa yana farawa a watan Maris ko Satumba. Domin tsutsa ta sake haifuwa da kyau, zafin ruwan ya zama a cikin + digiri 20.
Namiji ɗaya, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana ba da damar mata 3 - 4. Bayan haka, mata suna yin ƙwai kama da soya. Bayan kwana 7 - 8, sun kai girman 1.5 cm. laryan tsutsu na wata guda ya girma zuwa 8 cm Axolotl, wanda yake wata 10 ne, yana samun halaye na jima'i. Maza yawanci sun fi mata girma.
Axolotl soya suna da ƙananan rami. 7 - 8 bayan haihuwa, thea thean suna yin ƙafafu a baya, kuma bayan watanni 3, na gaba suna haɓaka. Yayin lokacin ci gaba mai aiki, ya kamata a ciyar da soya da kyau, amma bai kamata a ba da abinci mai yawa ba, tun da ana iya damuwa da metabolism. Da farko, ya fi kyau a ciyar da su da sinadarai, sannan - a hankali a kara Cyclops a cikin abincin (na farko, 'yayan suna cin kananan, sannan su canza zuwa manya).
Bayan ɗan lokaci, zai yiwu a daidaita da tsutsar jini. Ya Kamata a ciyar da samari kamar yadda ake yi wa manya. Fry, wanda ke cikin sabon yanayi don kansu, ya rasa gills da folds. Idan axolotl ya zama mai son zuciya, to yakan zagwanye. Dabbar tana canza launi, dutsen da yake bayan ta ya zama zagaye.
Masana ilimin halitta sunyi imanin cewa launi na soya ya dogara ba kawai akan kwayoyin halitta ba, har ma akan matakin haske. Dodon ruwa, wanda aka ajiye shi a ƙarƙashin jan wuta, ya zama mai duhu. A cikin halittun ruwa na halitta axolotls suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 19!
Farashi
Farashin Axolotl ya dogara da shekaru kuma ya bambanta daga 300 zuwa 1200 rubles. Kuna iya siyan mazaunin ruwa a shagon dabbobi ko ta yanar gizo.
Kulawa da gida
Axolotls ya zo Turai a cikin karni na 19 kuma tun daga lokacin ya zama sananne sosai. Har wa yau, masanan ruwa daga ƙasashe daban-daban suna kiwon waɗannan dabbobin masu ban mamaki a gida. Domin axolotl ya sami gindin zama a cikin wani tafki na wucin gadi, kuna bukatar sanin fasalin abubuwan da ke ciki.
Zai fi kyau a ware tsutsar tsintsiya daga juna, tunda a wasu halaye suna cin abincin. Wasu masanan ruwa suna sanya amphibians a cikin wannan tafkin. A wannan yanayin, daidaikun mutane ya zama daidai suke, kuma ku ma kuna buƙatar samar musu da sararin samaniya.
Wani babban mutum yana buƙatar lita 50 na ruwa. Amma zurfin akwatin kifaye, bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da cm 20 ba. A cikin yanayin gida da na ɗabi'a, tsutsa suna rayuwa a ƙasan. Haramtacce ne a ajiye axolotl tare da kifin akwatin kifaye, tare da kwadi, tare da slugs.
Kifi na gida, da farko kallo, yana da nutsuwa, amma zasu iya cinyewa ta cikin ramin giragu na dragon na cikin ruwa. Idan kifin yayi karami, larvae din axolotl kawai zasu ci su da daddare. Axolotl yana jin daɗi a cikin ruwa, zafin zafinsa bai wuce digiri 20 a ma'aunin Celsius ba.
Kifi na buƙatar ruwa na zafin jiki daban. Katantanwa kuma na iya ƙoƙarin cizon tsutsa. Frogs na iya cutar da mazaunin akwatin kifaye tare da cutuka masu haɗari.Axolotl abun cikina bukatar kulawa!
Yana ba da babban buƙata ba kawai a kan zafin jiki ba, har ma akan ƙimar ruwa. Idan alamar ta tashi sama da digiri 23, mazaunin akwatin kifaye yana fuskantar tsananin damuwa. Wasu larva suna yin rashin lafiya suna mutuwa. Ya kamata a kiyaye axolotl a cikin ruwa mai tsafta ba tare da chlorine ba. Matsayin pH ya kasance tsakanin raka'a 7.5.
Idanaxolotl gidazai zauna cikin ruwa mai datti, lafiyar sa zata wahala matuka. Domin tsutsa ta sami ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ya zama dole a kiyaye ta cikin ruwa mai tsafta kawai. Ana ba da shawarar shigar da matattara.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa ƙaruwa a cikin zafin jiki na ruwa yana da mummunan tasiri ga ayyukan numfashi na axolotl. Lokaci-lokaci, kuna buƙatar shayar da ruwan da iskar oxygen, saboda wannan ya fi kyau a yi amfani da kwampreso. Sau ɗaya a mako, ya kamata ku canza sulusin ruwa, saboda haka, zai yiwu a ƙirƙira yanayin da ya fi dacewa ga amphibian.
Lokacin da ake kiwo dodon ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye, dole ne a kula da nuances. Larvae na iya haɗiye ƙananan abubuwa, gami da tsakuwa, manyan yashi, da tsakuwa. Don wadata su da yanayin sauƙin yanayi, zai fi kyau a haɗa da pebbles masu zagaye zuwa akwatin kifaye. Axolotls yakan ɓoye daga masu su.
Don haka mazaunan akwatin kifaye ba su gaji ba, yakamata ku gina masa alfarwa (a cikin akwatin). Tsutsa ba ta da ido sosai. Lokaci-lokaci, zaku iya kari shuke-shuke na akwatin kifaye. Dodon ruwa yana buƙatar ciyayi. Ana ba da shawarar sanya cladophore a cikin akwatin kifaye, tsire-tsire zai tsarkake ruwa, ya inganta abubuwan da ke ciki.
Masu ba da labarin ruwa a cikin ruwa suna da sha'awar abin da za su ciyar da dodon ruwa. Axolotl dabba ce mai fa'ida, amma ba za ku iya yin nasara da shi ba. Idan akwai saurin kara kuzari ko yayin ciyarwar axolotl baya cin dukkan abinci, ya kamata a canza ruwan sau daya duk bayan kwana 2.
An ba da shawarar sosai don ciyar da yara sau ɗaya kowace rana 3. Yakamata a basu abinci mai gina jiki mai inganci. Protein a cikin nau'in pellets ya dace da kifin mai farauta. Axolotls suna son yin biki akan cod ko hake fillets. Kuna iya basu tsutsotsi, tsutsotsi na jini, mussa. Don haɓaka abincin abincin dodon ruwa, kuna buƙatar ba shi kifin akwatin kifaye, misali, guppies ko neons.
An haramta shi don ciyar da naman larvae, wannan samfurin ya ƙunshi abubuwan haɗin da ke da matukar wahalar narkewa. Idan zafin jiki a cikin matattarar roba ya tashi kuma ya faɗi, axolotls suna haifuwa da kansu.
A wannan yanayin, zai fi kyau a rage lokutan hasken rana da kuma ɗaga zafin jikin iska da matakai da yawa. A cikin akwatin kifaye, mace tana yin ƙwai akan algae. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata ku ƙirƙira mafi dacewayanayi na axolotl.
Bayan kwanaki 15-20, ta kyankyashe zuriya. Zai fi kyau don matsar da shi zuwa akwatin kifaye daban kuma ku ciyar da shi da yankakken abincin kifi. Ba za a keta tsarin yanayin zafin jiki ba, in ba haka ba soyayyen zai fara ciwo. Idan ka ciyar da wani mai ruwa a ciki ba daidai ba, sai ya kamu da rashin lafiya:
- toshewar hanji;
- pathologies na guringuntsi nama;
- rashin abinci;
- wasu cututtukan cututtukan rayuwa.
Toshewar hanji na tasowa lokacin da axolotl ke hadiye yashi ko tsakuwa. Sakamakon shi ne dakatar da abinci, saurin rage nauyi. A irin waɗannan yanayi, kuna buƙatar nuna dodon ruwa ga likitan dabbobi. Likitan zai duba kuma zai yiwu a ba da tiyata. Cututtukan guringuntsi suna faruwa saboda gaskiyar cewa axolotl ba shi da alli, bitamin D.
Dabbar ta zama mai kasala, ba ta yin komai, a wasu lokuta jikinsa yana kumbura. Ana yin magani ne kawai ta ƙwararren masani. Axalotl anorexia cuta ce da ke haifar da matakai masu yaduwa. Dalilin yana iya kasancewa kasancewar kwayoyin cuta a jiki. A wasu lokuta, anorexia yana haɗuwa da abinci mai ɗaurewa. Axolotl ya ƙi cin abinci, jikinsa ba ya kunkuntar, amma yana kumbura. Don warkar da dabba, kuna buƙatar ciyar da shi tare da ɗanyen gwaiduwar kwai ko pollen a cikin granules.
Ascites wata cuta ce ta axolotl mai haɗari. Yana tasowa lokacin da damuwa ya rikice. Dalilin cututtukan cututtuka yawanci kwayoyin cuta ne waɗanda suka shiga cikin jiki da ruwa mara kyau. Alamomin cutar rashin abinci sun hada da kumburin ciki, rashin cin abinci, kasala, rashin kulawa.
Idanaxolotl dragon ya kamu da cututtukan cututtuka, yana da mahimmanci a raba shi da danginsa. Don magance cutar, likita ya tsara maganin rigakafi, diuretics. A kowane hali, ba za ku iya shiga cikin jiyya mai cin gashin tsutsa ba, wannan na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako!
Axolotls mazauna ruwa ne masu ban mamaki. Suna da ladabi, masu fara'a, ba masu neman kulawa musamman ba. Idan kana riƙe dodon ruwa a hannunka, ka mai da hankali saboda yana da rauni da kyau sosai.
Kayan guringuntsi na mazaunin ruwa mai kauri bashi da kauri, mai kaushi, motsi mara motsi zai iya cutar da shi.Dabbar Axolotl m. Zai iya ɗan ciji maigidan nasa idan ya karɓa a hannunsa.
