Baikal shine teku mai tsafta wanda yake adana kashi 19% na dukkan ruwan tabkuna a Duniya. Mazauna wurin suna kiran shi teku don girmanta da yanayin rikitarwa. Mafi tsarkakakken ruwa, babban juzu'i da zurfafa sun haifar da ichthyofauna iri-iri.
Fiye da nau'in kifaye 55 ke rayuwa a Tafkin Baikal. Babban jigon yana wakiltar kifi wanda ya samo asali kuma ya haɓaka a cikin kogunan Siberia da tabkuna, gami da Baikal. Hakanan akwai autochthonous, musamman na Baikal. Jinsi 4 ne kawai suka bayyana a cikin tafkin kwanan nan: a cikin ƙarni biyu da suka gabata.
Iyalin Sturgeon
Baikal sturgeon, wanda aka fi sani da sturgeon na Siberia, shine kawai nau'in da ke cikin dangin kifin da ke zaune a Baikal. Galibi ana samun hakan a bakin rafuka masu shiga: Selenga, Turka da sauransu. A cikin rafin Baikal yana ciyarwa a zurfin 30-60 m. Zai iya zuwa zurfin har zuwa 150 m.
Yana ciyar da nau'ikan larvae, tsutsotsi, crustaceans; tare da shekaru, ƙaramin kifi, musamman gobies masu fa'ida, galibi suna cikin abincin. Kowace shekara kifin yana girma da cm 5-7. Manyan 'yan tsattsauran ra'ayi suna kai nauyin kilogiram 150-200. A zamanin yau, irin waɗannan ƙattai ba su da yawa. An haramta kamun kifi don wannan kifin, kuma dole ne a saki duk wani sturgeon da ya samu kwatsam.
Lokacin haɓakawa yana farawa a watan Afrilu. A watan Mayu, manyan 'yan sturge ne mata da suka rayu fiye da shekaru 18, kuma mazan da suka rayu aƙalla shekaru 15 - suna hawan kogi zuwa wuraren haihuwarsu. Mata sun haifa ƙwai dubu 250-750, daidai gwargwado ga shekaru da nauyi. Tsutsa suna fitowa kwanaki 8-14 bayan haihuwa. Yaran da suka balaga sun sauka zuwa kogin delta a cikin kaka.
Ta mahangar masana kimiyyar halittu na Baikal sturgeon, ya fi daidai a kira sturgeon na Siberia, a Latin - Acipenser baerii. A cikin kowane hali, sturgeons sune tsofaffi, girmamawa da babba kifin Baikal... Baya ga gaskiyar cewa stargeon a matsayin jinsin ya wanzu tun lokacin dinosaur, wasu mutane ma suna rayuwa kadan - har zuwa shekaru 60.
Iyalan Salmon
Kifin Salmon kifi ne da ya yadu a Gabashin Siberia. 5 nau'in kifin kifi sun zauna a Tafkin Baikal. Wasu daga cikinsu za a iya ɗauka alamar halin tabkin. Sananne kuma cikin buƙata nau'ikan kifi a cikin Baikal - waɗannan sune, da farko, kifin kifi.
Char
Baikal yana rayuwa ne da nau'in da ake kira Arctic char, sunan tsarin shine Savlelinus alpinus crythrinus. Akwai nau'ikan lacustrine da nau'ikan halittar wannan kifin. Anadromous chars yayi girma zuwa 80 cm da kilo 16 cikin nauyi. Tsarin tafkin ya fi ƙanƙanta - har zuwa 40 cm, da kuma kilogiram 1.5.
Loaches suna neman abinci akan gangaren bakin teku, a zurfin mita 20-40. charananan char suna ciyar da tsutsa, crustaceans, duk abin da ake kira zooplankton. Babba yana ciyar da kifin yara, baya kyamar cin naman mutane.
Siffofin da ba su da ɗabi'a don ba da haihuwa suna hawa zuwa rafin kogi, siffofin lacustrine suna fita zuwa ruwa mara zurfi, cikin bakin kogi. Spawning faruwa a cikin fall. Lacustrine loaches suna rayuwa shekaru 10-16, kifi mai lalacewa ya fara tsufa yana da shekaru 18.
Taimen
Tsarin taimen na yau da kullun yana farawa daga kudu na Gabas ta Gabas kuma yana ƙarewa a Arewacin Turai. Wasu samfurin wannan nau'in na iya auna nauyin kilogiram 30, akwai masu rikodin waɗanda suka kai alamar 60 kilogiram. Kifin Baikal a hoto Mafi yawanci ana wakiltar taimen mai ƙarfi.
Taimen mai farauta ne mai girman kai da jiki mai kauri, mai kumburi. Kamar tsutsa, tana ciyar da zooplankton. A ƙaramin yaro, yana motsawa zuwa kwari, soyayyen kifi. Manya suna afkawa manyan kifi har ma da tsuntsayen ruwa.
Don haɓaka a farkon lokacin rani, kifin ɗan shekara 6 zuwa sama ya hau koguna. Mata na yin dubun dubun ƙwai. Shiryawa yana ɗaukar kwanaki 35-40. Tsutsa wadanda suka bayyana suna neman ceto tsakanin algae da duwatsu. A ƙarshen bazara suna balaga, suna ƙaurawa daga ruwa mara zurfi, suka gangara zuwa cikin tafkin. An yi imani cewa taimen na iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 50.
Lenok
An rarraba shi ko'ina a cikin Kogin Baikal. Yana zaune duk matsakaici da manyan koguna suna ciyar da tabki tare da koramu. Adadin kifin ba shi da mahimmanci. Valueimar kasuwanci ta zama kaɗan. Amma lenok sau da yawa yana aiki azaman abin kamun kifi na wasanni.
Lenok kifi ne wanda ke adana shi cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi. Misali guda ɗaya zai iya kaiwa nauyin kilogiram 5-6 tare da tsayin 70 cm. Saboda kamanceceniya, wani lokacin ana kiranta Siberian trout. A cikin tabkin, ya zabi yankin da ke gefen tekun, har tsawon rayuwa. Ya fi son rayuwa a cikin tabkuna a cikin ruwa mai tsabta.
Jinsin ya wanzu ne ta sifa biyu: mai kaifi-hanci da hanci. Waɗannan nau'ikan wasu lokuta ana rarrabe su azaman daban daban (ƙananan kuɗi). Sakin farawa yana farawa da kimanin shekaru 5 da haihuwa. Jimlar tsawon rai kusan 20-30 ne.
Baikal omul
Lake endemic, mafi shahara kifin kasuwanci na Baikal - almara omul. Jinsi ne na farin - Coregonus migratorius. Kifi abu ne na kamun kifi na kasuwanci matsakaici. Farauta mara kyau, farauta, lalata albarkatun abinci da dumamar yanayi sun haifar da raguwa a garken omul.
Jama'a uku ne suka wakilci Omul:
- bakin teku, rayuwa a zurfin zurfin ruwa;
- pelagic, sun fi son zama a cikin layin ruwa;
- a ƙasa, ciyarwa a babban zurfin, a ƙasan.
Kifin mutanen da ke gabar teku sun ɓuɓɓugar daga gabar arewacin tafkin Baikal da kuma cikin Kogin Barguzin. Ofungiyar kifi ta ci gaba da yaduwa a cikin Kogin Selenga. Herungiyar garken ruwa mai zurfin zurfin zurfafawa a cikin ƙananan kogunan Baikal.
Baya ga ciyarwa da filayen samar da abinci, yawan jama'a na da wasu siffofin sifa. Misali, suna da adadin stamens daban akan murfin gill. A cikin yawan bakin teku akwai 40-48 stamens reshe, a cikin pelagic - daga 44 zuwa 55, a kusa da ƙasa - daga 36 zuwa 44.
Baikal kifi omul - ba babban mai farauta ba. Misalin da aka kama yana da nauyin kilogiram 1 ana ɗaukar sa'a mai kyau. Omuls masu nauyin kilogiram 5-7 suna da wuya. The omul ciyar a kan crustaceans da kifi soya. Matasan gobi-fuka-fuka-fuka-fukai suna cikin ɓangaren abinci mai mahimmanci.
Yana barin spawning a cikin shekara ta biyar ta rayuwa. Ana aiwatar da spawning a farkon watannin kaka. Eggswan da aka wanke sun manne a ƙasa, tsutsa ta bayyana a cikin bazara. Gabaɗaya rayuwar omul na iya kaiwa shekaru 18.
Farar kifi gama gari
Subsungiyoyi biyu ne ke wakilta:
- Coregonus lavaretus pidschian shine sanannen suna don farin kifin Siberia ko, kamar yadda masunta ke kiransa, pyzhyan.
- Coregonus lavaretus baicalensis galibi ana kiransa Baikal whitefish.
Pyzhyan wani nau'i ne mai banƙyama, yana cinye mafi yawan lokuta a cikin tafkin, don haɓakawa ya tashi zuwa rafin Baikal. Kifin Baikal irin sa ne mai rai. Yana ciyar da nauyi a cikin tabki, anan aka samo asali. Bambancin yanayin halittar jiki da na tsarin halittu tsakanin ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan.
Ya balaga kuma zai iya samar da ɗiyan farin kifi a shekaru 5-8. Yawo, ba tare da la'akari da ƙananan rarar ba, yana faruwa a lokacin bazara. Tsutsar kifin hunturu sun bayyana a bazara. Jimlar tsawon rayuwar dukkanin rararrun ya kai shekaru 15-18.
Siberian launin toka
A baya can, an raba kifi mai launin toka zuwa dangi daban a cikin masu nazarin halittu. Yanzu jinsi na launin toka, mai suna Thymallus, wani ɓangare ne na dangin salmon. Baikal da kogunan da suke kwarara zuwa ciki suna rayuwa ne da launin toka mai suna Thymallus arcticus, sunan gama gari shine Siberian grayling.
Amma yanayin rayuwa a tafkin Baikal ya banbanta, saboda haka, yayin aiwatar da juyin halitta, kananan rabe-rabe guda biyu sun fito daga jinsin daya, wadanda suke da bambancin yanayin halittu kuma suke rayuwa a yankuna daban daban.
- Thymallus arcticus baicalensis - nau'ikan raƙuman launi na sikeli mai duhu yana da ma'anar "baƙi".
- Thymallus arcticus brevipinnis - yana da launi mai haske, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ake kiransa farin Baikal launin toka.
Greyling ya fi son zurfin zurfin bakin teku; launin toka baƙar fata ya fi yawa a cikin rafuka masu sanyi fiye da na cikin tabki. Dukkanin jinsunan biyu sun tsiro a cikin bazara. Grey, kamar duk kifin gidan kifin kifi, bai wuce shekaru 18 ba.
Iyalan Pike
Wannan dan karamin gida ne (lat. Esocidae), wanda aka wakilta akan Tafkin Baikal ta hanyar jinsi daya - pike gama gari. Sunanta na kimiyya Esox lucius. Sanannen sanannen kifin, kerkeci na ruwan bakin ruwa. Koyaushe da ko'ina suna motsa sha'awa da annashuwa tsakanin masu sha'awar kamun kifi.
Yana zaune a cikin Baikal bays da bays, yana son wuraren da manyan rafuffuka da koguna suke kwarara zuwa cikin tafkin. Yana farautar yara ne na kowane kifi. Spawns tare da dumamar farko, a farkon bazara. Don yin wannan, ya shiga cikin koguna, yayi hanyar sa ta hawan sama. Manya mata suna sakin kwai har zuwa dubu 200. Bayan makonni 1-2, larvae 7 mm sun bayyana. Wasu daga cikinsu zasu rayu kimanin shekaru 25.
Carp iyali
Daya daga cikin dangin kifi da yawa da yaduwa. Bears sunan kimiyya Cyprinidae. A cikin Baikal, nau'ikan kifayen 8 suna wakiltar su. Mafi yawansu suna sor kifin Lake Baikal, ma'ana, mazaunan gundumar Baikal, sun rabu da babban yankin ruwa ta hanyar kwararar yashi, karkatarwa.
Irin kifi
Mafi sanannen kifin yana da wahalar samu. A Baikal, kifin zinare gama gari ne. Sunan kimiyya ga wannan nau'in shine Carassius gibelio. A cikin tabkunan Siberia, gami da Baikal, wannan kifin na iya girma har zuwa kilogiram 1.5. An kama samfuran gram 300 da gaske. Wanne yana da kyau sosai ga irin kifi.
Crucian irin kifi spawns a lokacin rani, tare da iyakar dumama ruwa. Spawning yana faruwa a hanyoyi da yawa, tare da dakatarwar sati 2. Larananan larvae 5 masu tasowa suna da ƙaramar dama don girma da rayuwa tsawon shekaru 10-12.
Minnow
Akwai nau'ikan galyan guda 3 da ke zaune a Baikal:
- Phoxinus phoxinus shine mafi yawan yaduwar ƙananan ƙananan abubuwa.
- Phoxinus pecnurus babban tafkin galyan ne ko asu.
- Phoxinus czekanowckii wani nau'in Asiya ne, ƙaramin Chekanovsky.
Minnows ƙananan ne, siririn kifi. Da kyar balagaggen kifi ya kai cm 10. Babban wurin zama: ruwa mara zurfi, rafuka masu gudana da rafuka, bays da sors. Yana taka muhimmiyar rawa, wani lokacin mahimmiyar rawa azaman abinci ga samari na manyan kifin Baikal.
Siberian roach
A cikin Tafkin Baikal da kuma kusa da kwatar, akwai ƙananan raƙuman ruwa, wanda a rayuwar yau da kullun ana kiransa chebak ko soroga, kuma a Latin ana kiransa Rutilus rutilus lacustris. Wannan kifin mai komai yana iya kaiwa gram 700 a cikin yanayin tafkin Baikal.
Duk kifin da ke cin ruwa a cikin korama da rafuka masu gudana suna cin soyayyen soyayyen roach. Saboda saurin haifuwa, yawan rokoki ya isa, ta yadda yana da darajar kasuwanci.
Eltsy
Waɗannan kifayen kifin suna da wakilci a cikin ichthyofauna na Tafkin Baikal a cikin jinsuna biyu:
- Leuciscus leuciscus baicalensis - chebak, Siberian dace, megdim.
- Leuciscus idus - ide.
Girman da ya saba na dace da girman manya shine cm 10. Wasu mutane sun shawo kan girman cm 20. Dacewar Siberia tana ciyarwa a cikin ruwa mara zurfi, a cikin shara. Don lokacin hunturu yana shiga cikin tabki, yana fuskantar mummunan yanayi a cikin ramuka. Hannun ruwa a cikin bazara, hawa koguna da koguna.
Manufar ta fi dacewa da Siberian dace. Zai iya yin girma har zuwa cm 25-30. Yana zuwa filayen ɓoyewa a farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da kankarar Baikal bai narke gaba ɗaya ba. Ya hau cikin koguna da manyan rafuka, yana wuce kilomita 25 ko sama da haka. M, mace ta haifi kwai 40 - 380 dubu. Kai tsaye Siberian dace da manufa na kimanin shekaru 15-20.
Amur kifi
Peananan nau'ikan kifi na kowa. Sunayen Baikal yawanci suna da asalin magana dangane da yankinsu: "Baikal" ko "Siberian". Sunan wannan kifin yana nuna asalin Amur.
Karfin ya isa Baikal kwanan nan. Tun daga 1934, an gabatar da kifi a cikin ruwan fauna na Lake Baikal a matakai da yawa. Burin juya irin kifin ya zama wani nau'in kasuwanci ne wanda aka cimma wani bangare. A zamaninmu, ba a gudanar da kamun kifi na wannan kifin ba.
Tench
Daya daga cikin manyan kifin kifi da ke zaune a Tafkin Baikal. Tsawon tench din ya kai 70 cm a tsayi, kuma nauyin sa ya kai 7 kg. Wadannan adadi ne na rikodi. A rayuwa ta ainihi, kifin manya sun girma zuwa 20-30 cm.
Duk kifin kifi kama yake da kamanni. Jikin kifin ya fi kauri, ƙashin jelar ya fi guntu. Sauran tench ɗin ya bambanta kaɗan daga kifin da ake kira Crucian. Lokaci a lokacin rani, lokacin da ruwan ya ɗumi har zuwa 18 ° C. Mata suna sakin kwai har zuwa dubu 400. Lokacin shiryawa gajere ne. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, tsutsa ta bayyana.
Siberian gudgeon
Fishananan kifin ƙasa. Peananan ƙananan ƙananan abubuwa. Mutumin da ya balaga ya kai tsawon cm 10. Wani lokaci akan sami samfuran 15 cm a tsayi. Jikin yana elongated, zagaye, tare da shimfida ƙananan ɓangaren, wanda ya dace da rayuwa a ƙasan.
Ya samo asali ne a farkon bazara a cikin ruwa mara ƙarancin ruwa. Mace tana samar da ƙwai dubu 3-4. Inubub ya ƙare a cikin kwanaki 7-10. A lokacin bazara, ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan da suka yi girma suna zuwa wurare masu zurfi. Minnows suna rayuwa shekaru 8-12.
Gabatarwar gabas
Shi mashahuri ne na kowa, sunan kimiyya - Abramis brama. Ba dan asalin Baikal bane. A cikin karnin da ya gabata, an sake shi cikin tabkunan Baikal da ke cikin tsarin ruwa na Kogin Selenga. Daga baya ya bayyana a kwandon Tafkin Baikal da tabkin kansa.
Kifi mai hankali tare da tsayin daka wanda ba daidai ba, wanda ya fi kashi ɗaya bisa uku na tsawon kifin. Yana zaune cikin rukuni, a zurfin zabi abinci daga tushe. Hijira a cikin ramuka, yana rage ayyukan abinci, amma baya asara.
Spawns yana ɗan shekara 3-4 a cikin bazara a cikin ruwa mara zurfin ruwa. Mace na iya share ƙananan ƙwai har dubu 300. Bayan kwanaki 3-7, cigaban amfrayo ya kammala. Kifi ya balaga da hankali. Kawai a shekaru 4 yana da ikon samar da zuriya. Rageraye suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 23.
Achaunar dangi
Loaches ƙananan ƙananan kifi ne. Babban fasalin su shine ciwan numfashi na hanji da fata. Wannan yana bawa kifi damar wanzuwa cikin ruwa mai ƙarancin oxygen.
Siberiya char
Babban mazaunin char shine kogunan Baikal da tabkuna waɗanda suke ɓangaren tsarin su. Yana da sunan kimiyya Barbatula toni. A tsayi, samfuran manya sun kai cm 15. Yana da jiki zagaye, mai tsayi. Kashe kwana kusan babu motsi, yana ɓoye tsakanin duwatsu. Zaɓi abinci daga ƙasa da dare.
Spawning faruwa a farkon lokacin rani. Tsutsa, sannan soya, garken. Yaran yara, kamar tsofaffin samarin Siberia, suna cin larvae da ƙananan invertebrates. Masu tarawa a ƙasa suna rayuwa kusan shekaru 7.
Siberiya spiny
Fishananan ƙananan kifin da ya fi son wurare a cikin kwarin Baikal, koguna, litters tare da silty, mai taushi mai sauƙi. Babban hanyar ceton rai shine binne shi a cikin ƙasa.
Jinsi a farkon bazara. Jinsunan da suka wuce shekaru 3 suna da hannu cikin haɓaka. Spawning yana ɗaukar kimanin watanni 2. Qwai suna da girma - har zuwa 3 mm a diamita. Tsutsa da soya abinci a jikin phyto- da zooplankton.
Iyalin kifayen
Kifin kifi dangin kifi ne na musamman. Akwai Tekun Baikal daya a ciki - kifin kifi na Amur ko na Gabas. Sunan kimiyya shine Silurus asotus. Kifin Kifi ba na gida bane. An sake shi don kiwo a Tafkin Shakshinskoye, tare da rafuffukan da suka wuce zuwa Baikal.
Gyada kai yayi kasa. Kai ya gyad'a. A tsawon, yana girma har zuwa mita 1. Tare da wannan girman, yawan zai iya zama 7-8 kg. A farkon bazara, kifin kifi wanda ya kai shekaru 4 yana farawa da haihuwa. Mace na iya samar da ƙwai har zuwa dubu 150. Kifayen suna rayuwa tsawon lokaci - har zuwa shekaru 30.
Cod iyali
Burbot shine nau'ikan nau'in kodin da ke rayuwa cikin ruwa mai kyau. Peungiyoyin da ke zaune a Lake Baikal suna da sunan kimiyya Lota lota lota. A cikin rayuwar yau da kullun, ana kiran shi kawai burbot.
An halicci jikin burbot don rayuwa ta ƙasa. Kan ya daidaita, jiki a matse yake ta gefe. A tsayi, burbot ɗin manya zai iya wuce mita 1. Nauyin zai kasance kusa da kilogram 15 zuwa 17. Amma waɗannan ba su da yawa, adadi masu rikodin. Masunta sun gamu da ƙananan samfuran samfuran.
Burbot ya haihu a cikin hunturu, wataƙila wannan ya faru ne saboda cewa matan burbot suna shiga kiwo ba kowace shekara ba. Spawning faruwa a watan Janairu. Qwai suna shiga cikin ramin ruwan kuma ɗauke da na yanzu. Tsutsa tana fitowa lokacin bazara. Rayuwar burbots ɗin da suka girma daga gare su na iya wuce shekaru 20.
Iyalan Perch
Guda guda daga wannan dangin suna zaune a yankin tafkin Baikal da kogunan da suke kwarara a ciki, wannan ita ce babbar matsalar. Sunan tsarin sa shine Perca fluviatilis. Wannan matsakaiciyar mai farauta ce, ba ta fi 21-25 cm tsayi ba, tare da kyawawan halaye masu nauyi: har zuwa 200-300 g.
Perch yana zaune kuma yana ciyarwa a cikin bays, bays, Baikal litters. Abincinta shine kifin yara, invertebrates da sauran ƙananan dabbobi masu ruwa. Fishan shekaru uku da manyan kifi sun fara ɓacewa a farkon bazara.
Daga ƙwai da aka saki a cikin ruwa mara zurfin ruwa, larvae ya bayyana cikin kwanaki 20. Kasancewar sun girma zuwa yanayin soya, wuraren da suke zaune suna garkame cikin garken tumaki kuma suna fara ciyarwa sosai a kusa da gabar tafkin. Perch na iya rayuwa tsawon shekaru 10-15.
Slinghot iyali
Wannan babban dangin suna da sunan kimiyya Cottidae. Da yawa wakilci a cikin lake. Wasu daga cikin jinsunan sune kifin Baikal mai ban mamaki... Yawancin lokaci, ana kiran duk waɗannan kifin gobies don bayyanar su da ƙarancin rayuwar su. Majajjawa ko mai sassaka ya kasu zuwa gidajan gida da yawa.
Subfamily na yellowfly
Mafi yawan zurfin kifin teku. Suna zaune a Tafkin Baikal da tabkuna kusa da kusa. Suna girma zuwa ƙarami: 10-15, ƙasa da sau 20. Duk kifayen asalin Baikal ne. Duk ƙurar rawaya suna da baƙon abu, wani lokacin bayyanar tsoro.
- Baikal babban-kan hanya. Sunan kimiyya - Batrachocottus baicalensis. Baikal ya zama kamar kifi... Rayuwa da ciyarwa a cikin zurfin daga 10 zuwa 120 m.
- Gwanin mai fuka-fukai. Wannan goby yana neman abinci a zurfin daga 50 zuwa mita 800. Ya haifar da haihuwa a zurfin 100 m. Batrachocottus multiradiatus shine sunan kimiyya don wannan kifin.
- Babban mai. Sunan Latin shine Batrachocottus nikolskii. Yana zaune a ƙasan ƙasa da mita 100. Zai iya zama a zurfin sama da kilomita 1.
- Shirokolobka Talieva. A cikin kayyadadden ilmin halitta ya kasance ƙarƙashin sunan Batrachocottus talievi. Mafi yawancin lokuta ana saminsa a zurfin mita 450-500. Zai iya nitsewa har zuwa kilomita 1.
- Babban hanyar Severobaikalskaya. Sunan Latin shine Cottocomephorus alexandrae. Matasan wannan kifin basa faduwa kasa da mita 100. Manya suna ciyarwa a zurfin mita 600.
- Yellowfly. Anyi suna saboda launin launi na namiji. A cikin zamanin da ta shude, finninta suna samun launi mai launin rawaya mai haske. Sunan kimiyya - Cottocomephorus girma. Yana zaune ba kawai a ƙasa ba, amma a cikin yankunan pelagic a zurfin daga 10 zuwa 300 m.
- Shirokolobka mai dogon hannu. Ana kiran kifin saboda suna musamman na ƙasan firam. A lokacin rani, yana rayuwa a ƙasan zurfin kilomita 1. A lokacin hunturu, yakan yi hijira a tsaye zuwa zurfin zurfin zurfin ƙasa. Cottocomephorus inermis - a ƙarƙashin wannan sunan yana nan a cikin tsarin tsarin halittu.
- Dutse mai fa'ida. Yana zaune cikin ƙasa mai duwatsu a zurfin mita 50. Yaran yara ba sa samun ruwa mai zurfi, inda suka zama kyawawa ganima ga kifin yunwa. Sunan kimiyya - Paracottus knerii.
Golomyankov dangin gida
Wannan gidan dangin sun hada da wanda ba kamar kowa ba. kifin Baikal — golomyanka... Sunan tsarin shine Comephorus. An gabatar da shi a cikin nau'i biyu:
- babban golomyanka,
- Dybowski golomyanka ko karami.
Jikin wadannan kifin ya kunshi kashi daya bisa uku na adadin mai. Ba su da mafitsara ta ninkaya, suna da motsa jiki. Manyan golomyanka sun girma har zuwa 15-25 cm.Suna zaune a cikin yankin pelagic a zurfin zurfin - daga 300 zuwa 1300 m.
Abu mafi ban sha'awa, golomyanka - kifin Baikal... Ta aiwatar da wata dabarar ceton rai ta musamman - tana ƙoƙarin zama ganuwa. Amma wannan ba koyaushe ke taimaka ba. Golomyanka ganima ce ga yawancin nau'in kifi da hatimin Baikal.
