A lokacin dumi, zaku iya haɗuwa da kwari daban-daban akan titi, kowannensu yana yin aikinsa a cikin yanayin yanayi. Kwari kwalliya koyaushe suna aiki da wani abu, mafi yawansu suna aiki kai tsaye don amfanin mutane. Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan "masu aiki tuƙuru" shine kwaro mai kashe gobara... Wannan wata kyakkyawar halitta ce mai haske da bayyanannar bayyanar. Za'a iya samun cikakkun bayanai game da rawar ta a cikin yanayin da sifofin ci gaba a cikin wannan ɗaba'ar.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hoto: Mai kashe gobara
Fwaro mai kashe gobara kwari ne mai matsakaici wanda ya samo sunan daga asalinsa, wanda ya haɗa da abubuwa ja a cikin launinsa. Sau da yawa, wannan dabba tana rikicewa tare da sauran ƙwaro, yana kiran kwari da sojoji, masu fasa albasa da masu kashe gobarar ƙudan zuma. Koyaya, duk waɗannan kwari kwata-kwata daban-daban tare da halayensu, fasalin waje.
Bidiyo: Mai kashe gobara
Masana ilimin halittu kuma suna kiran ƙwaro na masu kashe gobara mai ƙafafun ƙafa mai laushi. Wannan saboda launin burgundy mai haske na kafafun ƙwaro da rashin murfin chitinous. Kwarin elytra suna da sassauci da taushi sosai. Sabili da haka, mutane sunyi imanin cewa masu kashe gobara, kamar sauran wakilai na ƙwaro mai laushi, sun fi sauran dabbobi faɗa, wasu mahara. Amma wannan ba haka bane! Waɗannan kwari na iya tsayawa don kansu.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Abin takaici, tsawon rai na beetets wuta gajere ne sosai. Saboda wannan dalili, irin waɗannan dabbobin suna iya haifuwa tun farkon makonni huɗu bayan haifuwarsu.
Fwaro mai kashe gobara kwari ne na dangi mai laushi, na tsari coleoptera. Abu ne mai sauki a gane wannan halittar. An kawata kawunta da kananan sirara, sirara sosai, kama da kirtani. Wadannan eriya suna aiki koyaushe. Akwai wuri mai duhu a saman kai. Da shi ne za ku iya banbance kwaro mai kashe gobara da sauran ƙwaro. Jikin yana da murabba'i, ya daɗe. Da ƙyar manya ke girma sama da santimita 1.5 a tsayi. An zana cikin cikin launi burgundy mai haske.
Ana samun ƙwaro na kashe wuta a cikin lambuna kuma suna da amfani ga mutane. Suna kashe kusan kwari kwari da yawa. Koyaya, wani lokacin yawan irin waɗannan ƙwaro yakan girma sosai kuma ya zama dole a kashe su. Ba lallai ba ne don guba ƙwaro wuta da guba, don haka gurɓata gonar ku. Irin waɗannan kwari za a iya tattara su da hannu. Amma wannan hanyar tana dacewa idan ƙwaro basu sami lokacin yin kiwo sosai ba. In ba haka ba, zaku iya dandana tsire-tsire tare da cakuda taba mai arha da tokar itace.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hoto: Yaya irin ƙwaro mai kashe gobara?
Fwaro mai kashe gobara fitaccen wakili ne na danginsa saboda asalinsa na asali.
Kuna iya bambanta mai kashe gobara ta hanyar fasali na waje masu zuwa:
- asalin jikin mutum. Elytra baƙi ne, ciki da tarsi suna da launin ruwan kasa ko ja mai haske. Daga sama, dabbar tana kama da injin wuta, wanda daga ita aka samo sunanta;
- matsakaicin girman jiki. Jikin ya dan lallashe kuma yana da tsari mai laushi. Babu rufi mai ƙarfi, mai wuya. Tsawon yawanci baya wuce santimita 1.5. Jiki na sama an lulluɓe shi da gashi;
- janye hankalinsa. Akwai wuri mai duhu kusa da kai. Wannan halayyar mai kashe wuta ce. Akwai eriya a kan kai. Sun kunshi mahada goma sha daya;
- fukafukai masu taushi da kafafuwa masu ƙarfi. Fukafukan sun rufe baya, an zana a cikin inuwa mai duhu mai duhu. Paafafun kafa masu launi ja, suna da ƙarfi kuma suna da ƙananan ƙafa;
- kasancewar bambancin jinsi. Musamman, mata koyaushe sun fi maza girma. An yi amfani da bayanin su tare da tabo mai kyau. Wannan tabo yana da sifa iri-iri ga kowane ƙwaro. Wannan ya sa suka zama na musamman;
- kasancewar mandibles. Mandibles suna da ɗan lanƙwasa kuma suna da kaifi. Tare da taimakonsu, ƙwaro na iya tsunkulewa da zafi. Insectswari suna amfani da tauna yayin farauta. Mai kashe gobara mai farauta ne. Yana kaiwa kananan kwari hari.
A ina ne mai kashe gobara yake zama?
Hoto: Mai kashe gobara a Rasha
Bayyanar irin ƙwaro mai kashe gobara koyaushe yana jan hankali kuma yana motsa sha'awa ta gaske ga manya da yara. Irin wannan kwarin ba za a iya yin watsi da shi a lokacin dumi ba. Yawanci ana samunsa a cikin lambuna, lambunan kayan lambu, a wasu wuraren da shuke-shuke ke girma. Yawan su yana da yawa musamman inda raspberries da currants suke girma. Baƙon wuta ba sa son kulawa. Lokacin da mutum ya kusanci, suna ƙoƙari su bar wurin su da sauri.
Gaskiya gaskiya: bewayoyin wuta suna da ƙima. Sun kashe kwari mai yawa. Amma kuma akwai cutarwa daga irin wadannan kwari. Masu kashe gobara na iya lalata wasu nau'in 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu, tsire-tsire na lambu.
Fwaro mai kashe gobara kwari ne da ke ko'ina. Ana samun sa a duk inda sanyi ko yanayin yanayi yake. Amma babban abin da ake buƙata na waɗannan ƙwaro shine samin abincin da ya dace da su. Akwai adadi mai yawa na kashe gobara a Turai, Rasha, Ukraine, Belarus, Georgia da sauran jihohi da yawa.
Bewaƙuƙuka masu laushi suna hayayyafa da sauri, amma suna rayuwa jim kaɗan. Don rayuwa, waɗannan kwari suna zaɓar wuraren da aka noma. Ana iya samun su a duk inda akwai dasa bishiyoyi na 'ya'yan itace, bushes na raspberries, currants, gooseberries. Sun kuma fi son zama a cikin lambunan kayan lambu. Gardenananan mazaunan irin waɗannan kwari har ma masu lambun suna maraba da su. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda masu kashe gobara suna taimakawa wajen kawar da kwari, aphids, sauro, matsakaici da sauran kwari.
Abin farin ciki: bewaro mai kashe wuta mai aminci ne kuma mai saurin kashe kyankyasai. Domin 'yan Prussia su bar mazaunin, ya zama dole a aika da ma'aikatan kashe gobara da yawa can kuma a barsu na ɗan lokaci.
Yanzu kun san inda aka samo kwaro mai kashe gobara. Bari muga me zai ci.
Me kwaro mai kashe gobara yake ci?
Hotuna: Red mai kashe gobara
Mai kashe gobara, duk da "laushinta", amma yana da matukar ban tsoro. Wannan kwaro yana da muƙamuƙai masu ƙarfi sosai. Waɗannan jawoshin ne ke ba da damar ƙwaro ya iya shan ƙwayoyin ƙwari.
Abincin mai kashe gobara a kullum ya haɗa da:
- aphids;
- kananan kwari;
- kudajen bacci;
- larvae na kwari iri-iri;
- Mayananan ƙwaro na Mayu (waɗancan nau'in da ke cin ganye).
Duba da irin abincin da ƙwaro yake yi, yana da sauƙi a gane cewa ya fi son cin waɗannan ƙwarin ne waɗanda suka fi ƙanƙanta da girman kansa. Bugu da ƙari, waɗanda ke fama da kashe gobara galibi suna da tsarin jiki mai laushi. Wannan mahaukacin ba zai iya jurewa da murfin ɗanɗano mai wahala ba, koda tare da taimakon maƙwabta masu ƙarfi. Irin ƙwaro yana guje wa irin waɗannan kwari.
Tsarin farauta mai ƙwarin wuta yana farawa a cikin iska. Yana neman wanda za a kashe na gaba yayin jirgin. Bayan samun kwari mai dacewa, mai kashe gobarar ya sauka kusa da shi ko ma kai tsaye akan dabbar. Na gaba ya zo da muƙamuƙi. Firearfin wutar ya jefa su cikin abin da ta shafa, ta saki wani abu mai dafi. Daya daga cikin guba na iya yin laushin kyallen takarda, don haka ci gaban shan abinci abu ne mai sauki.
A cikin matakin larval, mai kashe wuta yana cin dan kadan daban. Abincinta shine ya kunshi kananan tsutsotsi da kayan ciki. Larwayoyin ƙwaro sun sami irin wannan abincin a mazauninsu - a cikin rubabben kututture, a cikin tsofaffin bishiyoyi. Saboda wannan dalili, yana da matukar hana cire kututture da tsohuwar itace daga gonar. A nan gaba, ƙwarin beet na iya zama fa'ida mai yawa.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Hoto: Mai kashe gobara a yanayi
A cikin bayyanar, ƙwararren ƙwaro na wuta yana haifar da motsin rai kawai. Amma bayyanar mara cutarwa ta ɓoye ainihin mai farauta a bayanta. Bewayoyin wuta suna kashe yawancin ranar farauta. Suna farautar abin farautar su a cikin jirgi, sa'annan su kama shi da muƙamuƙansu masu ƙarfi, ciji, kuma bayan sun kamu da gubar da suka sha. A cikin yanayi mai dumi, ana iya ganin masu kashe gobara a kan tsire-tsire iri-iri. A can ba kawai sun shiga cikin rana ba ne kawai, amma kuma suna iya samun abun ciye-ciye. Kwari suna cinye sassan jikin tsire-tsire kawai.
Kwarin beetles suna aiki. Da rana suna tashi da yawa, suna son sauka da zama na dogon lokaci akan shuke-shuke, ciyawa, furanni da bishiyoyin fruita fruitan itace. Wadannan kwari suna da hankali kuma suna da kyau. Idan abu ya kusanci, nan take zasu hau sama. Idan ta kasa tashi, kwaron na iya yin kamar ya mutu. Don yin wannan, yana zana ƙafafunsa ƙarƙashin kanta.
Gaskiyar wasa: Bai kamata kuyi ƙoƙari ku ɗauki ƙwaro ba. Yana cizon mai zafi sosai kuma yana fitar da wani abu mai kamshi na musamman ga mai zaginsa. Kwarin na da hakora masu kaifi, hakora masu ƙarfi. Cizon yana da zafi sosai.
Puva na Puffball suna ciyar da ranar su daban. Suna zaune akan ganyayyun da suka faɗi, a cikin ƙasa ko kuma tsohuwar itace. Suna hibernate a ƙarƙashin tushen bishiyoyi, waɗanda aka binne sosai a cikin ƙasa ko ƙarƙashin ganyaye. Tsutsa suna da kafa biyu, don haka suna tafiya cikin sauri da sauri. Tare da taimakon maƙasudin ƙarfi, suna yin hanya, suna yin rami a cikin itacen. Ananan masu kashe gobara suna ciyar da ɗari-ɗari, tsutsotsi. A wajen mafaka, tsutsar tsutsar tana da wuya. Iyakar abin da aka keɓe shine lokacin narkewar dusar ƙanƙara mai aiki. Tsuntsayen suna rarrafe domin tserewa daga ruwan narkewar.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hoto: Mai kashe kwarin ƙwaro
Bewaƙwara masu laushi suna yin aure ne kawai lokacin da yanayi yake da dumi. Rana ya kamata ta dumama iska da ƙasa sosai. Yawancin lokaci lokacin haifuwa yakan faɗi rani - Yuli. Na farko, mata da maza suna haɗuwa, sannan suna saduwa. Bayan ɗan lokaci, mace tana yin ƙwai a cikin bututun. Ya kamata ya zama mai laushi da dumi. Saboda wannan, ciyawar ganye a kan ƙasa, tsire-tsire masu lalacewa, hemp, tarkacen itacen, ruɓaɓɓun rassa suna da kyau.
Don girma, ƙwai suna buƙatar ɗan lokaci - daga goma sha biyar zuwa kwana ashirin. Lokacin shiryawa galibi ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki na iska. Bayan balaga, ana haifar larvae. A waje, suna kama da beads. An rufe larvae da gashi. Areananan ne kuma suna da kafa biyu. Tsutsayen ƙwayoyin wuta suna da kyau sosai kuma suna da ban sha'awa. Vawayoyin ƙwaro irin na ƙwaro suna ci gaba cikin sauri, amma suna rayuwa a wannan matakin na tsawon lokaci.
Tsutsa masu kashe gobara, kamar manya, masu farauta ne. Suna cin kananan tsutsotsi, wadanda suke sane. Har ila yau, abin ban sha'awa shi ne yadda tsutsar ciki ke narkewa a bayan hanji. Ta yaya wannan ke faruwa? Karin narkewar hanji ya kunshi amfani da wani abu na musamman, guba. Tsutsa na shigar da wannan gubar kai tsaye a jikin wanda aka azabtar; yana narkar da kyallen abincin ganima nan take. Bugu da ari, tsutsa tana kawai tsotse cikin abinci mai ruwa.
Vaan tsutsa na larvae kusa da hunturu. Amma kawai wasu daga cikin tsutsa sun juya zuwa pupae. Sauran bangaren kawai hibernates a cikin mafaka. A lokacin bazara, pupae sun rikide sun zama kwari kuma sun yi rarrafe. Mutane sun kira kwari mai gashin "tsutsotsi masu dusar ƙanƙara". Bayan haka, tare da farkon zafi, samari masu kashe gobara sun bayyana.
Abokan gaba na abokan wuta
Hoto: Yaya irin ƙwaro mai kashe gobara?
Fwaro mai kashe gobara wata halitta ce ta musamman. Duk da matsakaiciyar girmanta da tsarin jiki mai laushi, mai kashe gobara yayi nasara kan makiya na halitta. Abinda yake shine a cikin yanayi launin ja mai haske na jiki yana nuna babban haɗari. Mafarauta, tsuntsaye da sauran dabbobi suna kokarin ketarawa da irin wadannan beet din, sun fi son sauki da ganima.
Me yasa kwaro mai kashe gobara yake da hatsari ga sauran dabbobi? Launin ja a cikin launin wannan ƙwarin yana nuna yawan cutarwar sa. Wannan haka lamarin yake. Idan akwai matsala, mai kashe gobara ya ciji ciwo kuma ya bar guba ta musamman a cikin mai laifin. Ga dabbobi da yawa, wannan guba na iya zama na mutuwa, ga wasu kuma zai kawo matsaloli masu yawa na kiwon lafiya.
Kawai wasu lokuta tsuntsaye masu farauta, wasu 'yan amshi, suna kai hari ga ƙwarowar wuta. Hakanan zasu iya zama ganima ga dabbobi. Babban abokin gaba na masu kashe gobara shine mutum. Lokacin da waɗannan ƙwaro suka ninka cikin sauri, mutane sukan nemi halakar dasu ta amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban. A cikin yaƙi da masu kashe gobara, ana amfani da hanyoyin mutuntaka da na lahani. Abin shine yawancin mutanen waɗannan kwari na iya haifar da babbar illa ga shuke-shuke, bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hoto: Mai kashe gobara
Iyalin ƙwaro mai laushi yana ɗayan mafi yawa. A yau ya kai kimanin ƙwaro kusan dubu huɗu, a cikin su ana ɗaukar ƙuraren wuta daya daga cikin sanannu. Gwargwadon “ja” an sami wakilcinsa a sassa daban-daban na duniya. Ana samun sa a duk inda yanayi mai sanyin kai ko ma mai sanyin yanayi. Ba shi yiwuwa a tantance takamaiman adadin irin wadannan beetles. Koyaya, bisa ga sabon bayanan, yawan wannan nau'in kwari bashi da wata barazanar kusan ƙarewa.
Adadin masu kashe gobara a yankin mahalli ba shi da ƙarfi, amma suna da yawa. Rashin kwanciyar hankali galibi yana faruwa ne yayin da mutane suka kashe waɗannan kwari a manyan filayen noma. Koyaya, koda wannan baya barazana ga yawan masu kashe gobara. Wadannan beetles din suna rayuwa kadan, amma suna samun nasara cikin nasara. Daga shekara zuwa shekara suna saurin ƙara yawansu.
Bewaro na kashe gobara na da haɗari kawai idan akwai yawan jama'a a yankin. Lokacin da yawansu a wuri daya yayi kadan, to irin wannan kwaron na iya zama babban fa'ida. Yana lalata yadda ya kamata ƙananan kwari. Masu kashe gobara suna cin caterpillars, aphids, ƙwaro iri-iri, sauro. "Lafiya" ce mai aminci kuma kwata-kwata kyauta don kariyar bishiyoyi, dazuzzuka da shuke-shuke.
Mai kashe gobara - wakili mai haske na babban iyali na ƙwaro mai laushi. Wannan halitta ce ta musamman wacce tayi kama da injin wuta. Wannan kwaro, wanda ya shafi al'adata ta yau da kullun, na iya zama babbar fa'ida ga masu lambu da masu lambu. Tana cin kusan kwari mafi yawan gaske, yayin da ita kanta baya haifar da babbar illa ga shuke-shuke.
Ranar bugawa: 08/20/2019
Ranar da aka sabunta: 23.08.2019 a 10:45
