Babban macropod (lat.Macropodus opercularis) ko kifin aljanna ba shi da ma'ana, amma yana da kyau kuma yana iya doke maƙwabta a cikin akwatin kifaye. Kifin yana ɗaya daga cikin farkon da aka kawo Turai; kifin zinare ne kawai a gaba.
An fara kawo shi Faransa a 1869, kuma a 1876 ya bayyana a Berlin. Wannan ƙaramin amma kyakkyawan kifin akwatin kifaye ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen shaharar da nishaɗin akwatin kifaye a duniya.
Tare da bayyanar wasu adadi mai yawa na wasu nau'ikan kifaye, farin jinin jinsin ya dan ragu, amma har yanzu yana daya daga cikin shahararrun kifin, wanda kusan kowane masanin ruwa yake kiyaye shi.
Rayuwa a cikin yanayi
Babban macropod (Macropodus opercularis) shine wanda Karl Linnaeus ya fara bayyana a cikin 1758. Yana zaune a manyan yankuna a kudu maso gabashin Asiya.
Mahalli - China, Taiwan, arewa da tsakiyar Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia, Japan, Korea. Gabatarwa da tushenta a Madagascar da Amurka.
Duk da faɗin rarrabawa, an jera shi a cikin Red Book kamar yadda yake haifar da ƙaramar damuwa.
Ana bunkasa ci gaban mahalli na asali, albarkatun ruwa sun ƙazantu da magungunan ƙwari. Koyaya, ba a yi masa barazanar bacewa ba, wannan kawai matakin taka tsantsan ne.
Macropod yana daya daga cikin jinsuna tara a halittar Macropodus, tare da bayyana 6 daga 9 da aka bayyana a cikin yan shekarun nan.
Na yau da kullun yana cikin akwatin kifaye fiye da ƙarni. Da farko an kawo shi Paris a 1869, kuma a 1876 zuwa Berlin.
Jerin sanannun jinsuna:
- Macropodus opercularis - (Linnaeus, 1758) Kayan kifin)
- Macropodus ocellatus - (Cantor, 1842)
- Macropodus spechti - (Schreitmüller, 1936)
- Macropodus erythropterus - (Freyhof da Herder, 2002)
- Macropodus hongkongensis - (Freyhof da Herder, 2002)
- Macropodus baviensis - (Nguyen & Nguyen, 2005)
- Tsarin Macropodus - (Nguyen, Ngo & Nguyen, 2005)
- Macropodus oligolepis - (Nguyen, Ngo & Nguyen, 2005)
- Macropodus phongnhaensis - (Ngo, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2005)
Wadannan jinsunan suna rayuwa da ruwa daban-daban a filayen. Kogunan ruwa, na baya na manyan koguna, gonakin shinkafa, magudanan ban ruwa, fadama, korama - suna rayuwa a koina, amma na fi son jinkirin-kwarara ko tsayayyen ruwa.
Bayani
Kifi ne mai haske, mai haske. Jikin shuɗi ne da ratsin ja, fika ja ne.
Macropod yana da jiki mai ƙarfi mai tsayi, duk an nuna ƙuraje. Kedarshen ƙarancin caudal na cokali ne kuma yana iya zama tsayi, kusan 3-5 cm.
Kamar kowane labyrinth, suna iya shaƙar iska, suna haɗiye shi daga ƙasa. Suna da wata kwaya wacce zata basu damar daukar iskar oksiji da ke rayuwa kuma suna rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai ƙarancin oxygen.
Dukkanin labyrinth sun samar da kayan aiki na musamman wanda zai baka damar shan iska. Wannan yana ba su damar rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai ƙarancin oxygen, ruwan da suka fi so.
Koyaya, zasu iya numfasa iskar oxygen da ta narke cikin ruwa, da iskar oxygen kawai idan yanayin oxygen yana cikin yunwa.
Maza suna girma kusan 10 cm, kuma doguwar wutsiya a gani tana sa su ma fi girma. Mata sun fi ƙanƙanta - kimanin inci 8. Rayuwarsa ta kai shekara 6, kuma da kyakkyawar kulawa har zuwa 8.
Amma suna da kyau ƙwarai, jikin shuɗi-shuɗi, mai jan ratsiyoyi da ƙura wuta iri ɗaya. A cikin maza, ƙwanƙolin sun fi tsayi, kuma ƙashin ƙugu ya juya cikin zaren sirara, halayyar labyrinth.
Hakanan akwai siffofin launuka da yawa, gami da zabiya da baƙin macropods. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan siffofin suna da kyau a yadda yake, amma duk abubuwan da ke ciki ba su da bambanci da na gargajiya.
Wahala cikin abun ciki
Kifi mara kyau, kyakkyawan zaɓi ga marubucin marubuta, idan har aka ajiye shi da babban kifi ko shi kaɗai.
Ba da izinin sigogin ruwa da zafin jiki, suna iya rayuwa har ma a cikin akwatinan ruwa ba tare da dumama ruwa ba. Suna cin abinci iri-iri.
Sun gamsu sosai da maƙwabta masu irin wannan girman, amma ka tuna cewa maza za su yi faɗa har su mutu da juna.
Zai fi dacewa a kiyaye Mazaje su kaɗai ko kuma tare da wata mace wacce ake buƙatar ƙirƙirar masaukai.
Macropod bashi da daɗi sosai kuma yana da ƙoshin abinci, wanda ke sanya shi babban kifi ga masu farawa, amma ya fi kyau a riƙe shi shi kaɗai. Bugu da kari, yana jurewa sigogin ruwa daban-daban.
A dabi'a, suna rayuwa ne a fannoni daban-daban, tun daga rafuka masu gudana a hankali har ma da ramuka har zuwa bayan manyan kogunan.
A sakamakon haka, za su iya jure wa yanayi daban-daban, misali, aquariums ba tare da dumama ba, kuma suna rayuwa a cikin tafkunan a lokacin rani.
Zabi kifinki a hankali. Burin sha'awar bambancin launi daban-daban yakan haifar da gaskiyar cewa kifin bashi da launi ko lafiya.
Kifin da kuka zaba ya zama mai haske, mai aiki kuma bashi da lahani.
Ciyarwa
A dabi'a, suna da komai, kodayake sun fi son abincin dabbobi da shuka. Suna cin soyayyen kifi da sauran ƙananan halittun ruwa. Daga cikin abubuwa masu ban sha'awa - wani lokacin suna kokarin tsallakewa daga cikin ruwa a yunƙurin kama mai yiwuwa.
A cikin akwatin kifaye, zaku iya ciyarwa tare da flakes, pellets, ciyar don zakaru. Amma yana da mahimmanci a rarrabe abincinku, kuma ba iyakance kawai kayan abinci na musamman bane.
Rayuwa ko daskararren abinci babban zaɓi ne don ciyarwa. Bloodworm, tubifex, cortetra, brine shrimp, zai ci komai.
Fuskantarwa ga wadataccen abinci, yana da kyau a ciyar sau biyu a rana a kananan rabo.
Adana cikin akwatin kifaye
Ana iya kiyaye namiji baligi shi kaɗai a cikin akwatin kifaye na lita 20, kuma don ma'aurata ko kifi da yawa daga 40, kodayake suna rayuwa cikin nasara da ƙarami, suna da ƙima kuma ƙila ba su da girma.
Zai fi kyau dasa akwatin kifaye tare da shuke-shuke da ƙirƙirar mafaka daban don mace ta iya ɓoyewa daga namiji. Hakanan, ana buƙatar rufe akwatin kifaye, macropods ƙwararrun masu tsalle ne.
Suna jure yanayin zafin jiki (16 zuwa 26 ° C), zasu iya rayuwa a cikin akwatin ruwa ba tare da dumama ruwan ba. Acid da ƙarancin ruwa na iya bambanta sosai.
Ba sa son mai ƙarfi a cikin aquariums, don haka dole ne a shigar da filtata don kada kifin ya dame halin yanzu.
A dabi'a, galibi suna rayuwa ne a cikin ƙananan kududdufai, da murabba'in mita da yawa, inda suke da yankinsu kuma suna kare shi daga dangi.
Zai fi kyau a ajiye ma'aurata don gujewa fada tsakanin maza. Don mace, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar mafaka da dasa akwatin kifaye tare da shuke-shuke, tunda namiji yana bin ta lokaci-lokaci.
Ka tuna cewa macropod galibi yakan tashi zuwa saman don iskar oxygen kuma yana buƙatar samun dama kyauta, wanda tsire-tsire masu shawagi basa hana shi.
Karfinsu
Macropod abin ban mamaki ne mai wayo kuma mai son sani, ya zama mazaunin ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa a akwatin kifaye, wanda yake da ban sha'awa don kallo.
Koyaya, yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi tsananin kifin labyrinth. Yaran yara suna girma tare, amma yayin da suka balaga, maza sukan zama masu tashin hankali kuma za su shirya faɗa da wasu mazan, kamar danginsu - zakara.
Ya kamata a kiyaye maza daban ko tare da mace a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da wuraren ɓoye mata da yawa.
Zasu iya zama babban kifi don masu farawa, amma kawai a cikin kamfanin da ya dace.
Sun yi kama da zakaru a ɗabi'a, kuma kodayake macropods sun fi sauƙin kulawa, waɗannan nau'ikan nau'ikan labyrinth suna da kama da yaƙi kuma yana da wuya a sami maƙwabtansu masu dacewa.
Mafi kyawun kiyaye shi ɗaya ko tare da manyan, nau'ikan nau'ikan tashin hankali.
Mafi kyawun maƙwabta suna da nutsuwa cikin ɗabi'a kuma ba kamar kifin macropod ba. Misali, gourami, zebrafish, barbs, tetras, ancistrus, synodontis, acanthophthalmus.
Guji kifin mai dogon kaifi. Macropods ƙwararrun mafarauta ne, kuma toya a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da su baya rayuwa.
A cikin akwatin kifaye na gaba ɗaya, kifayen suna buƙatar sarrafa komai, kuma idan akwai nau'in da ke da kama da juna, yaƙe-yaƙe babu makawa. Amma kuma ya dogara da halin, don yawancin macropods suna rayuwa a cikin akwatinan ruwa guda ɗaya kuma basa damuwa da kowa.
Mata na iya zama da junan su ba tare da matsala ba. Hakanan sun dace da raba akwatin kifaye, idan har maƙwabta ba su da girman kai kuma suna da girma. Mafi kyawun kiyaye shi tare da kifi waɗanda suka fi girma girma kuma basu da ƙarfi.
Bambancin jima'i
Maza sun fi mata girma, sun fi launi haske kuma suna da fikafika dogaye.
Sake haifuwa
Kamar yawancin labyrinths, kifin yana gina gida daga kumfar iska a saman ruwa. Kiwo ba shi da wahala, koda da ɗan ƙwarewar za ku iya soya.
Namiji sau da yawa yakan gina gida tare da kumfa, yawanci a ƙarƙashin ganye mai tsire-tsire. Kafin haifuwa, dole ne a dasa ma'auratan kuma a ciyar dasu da abinci mai sanyi ko kuma daskararre sau da yawa a rana.
Mace, shirye don haihuwa, za'a cika ta da caviar kuma zata kasance zagaye a cikin ciki. Idan mace ba ta shirya ba, yana da kyau kada a dasa ta kusa da na miji, domin shi ma zai bi ta har ma ya kashe ta.
A cikin akwatin spawn (lita 80 ko fiye), matakin ruwan ya zama ƙasa, kusan 15-20 cm.
Sigogin ruwa iri ɗaya ne kamar na babban akwatin kifaye, yawan zafin jiki kawai ake buƙatar haɓaka zuwa 26-29 C. Kuna iya sanya ƙaramin matatar ciki, amma yawo ya zama kadan.
Ya kamata a sanya shuke-shuke a cikin filayen da ke haifar da dazuzzuka masu yawa, misali, ƙaho, don mace ta iya ɓoyewa a cikinsu.
Yayin gina gida da haihuwa, namiji zai bi ta da duka, wanda ka iya haifar da mutuwar kifin. Tsire-tsire masu iyo kamar su Riccia suna aiki don rike gida tare kuma an fi kyau daɗawa.
Idan Namiji ya gama gida, zai kora Mace gare shi. Namiji ya rungumi mace, ya matse ta kuma ya fitar da ƙwai da madara, bayan haka sai thean biyu suka rabu, kuma macen da ta gaji ta nitse zuwa ƙasan. Ana iya maimaita wannan halin sau da yawa har sai mace ta sa ƙwai.
Don haihuwa, ana iya samun ƙwai har 500. Qwai na Macropod sun fi ruwa nauyi kuma suna iyo a cikin gida da kansu. Idan wani ya fado daga cikin gida, sai namijin ya dauke shi ya mayar da shi.
Zai yi kishin gidajan kishi har sai soyayyen ya kyankyashe. A wannan lokacin, namiji yana da matukar tashin hankali, kuma dole ne a cire mace nan da nan bayan ta yi kiwo, in ba haka ba zai kashe ta.
Lokacin fitowar soya ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki, yawanci daga awanni 30 zuwa 50, amma yana iya zama 48-96. Lalacewar gida yana zama alama ce cewa soyayyar ta ƙyanƙyashe.
Bayan wannan, dole ne a cire namiji, zai iya cin soyayyen nasa.
Ana soya soya ciliates da microworms har sai sun iya cin brine shrimp nauplii.
