The gizo-gizo tarantula (Thеrаrhosidae) na mallakar gizo-gizo migalomorphic gizo-gizo (Мygаlоmоrphae). Irin waɗannan wakilai na nau'in arthropod da ajin arachnid sun zama sananne sosai a ƙasarmu kuma ana sayan su sau da yawa azaman dabba mai ban sha'awa.
Takaitattun halaye na gizo-gizo
Ana gabatar da gizo-gizo Tarantula a cikin nau'ikan iri-iri... Thеrаrhosidae ya haɗa da kusan nau'ikan ɗari tara waɗanda ke zaune a Ostiraliya da Asiya, Afirka da Amurka, har zuwa kan iyakar Kanada. Yawancin jinsuna suna zaune cikin Fotigal, Spain da Italiya, har da yankin Cyprus. Hakanan ana iya wakiltar mazaunin ƙasa tare da savannas, makiyaya, pampas, gandun daji masu zafi da yankuna masu tsaunuka. Wani fasalin adadi mai yawa na jinsuna shine salon rayuwar ƙasa.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Mazaunin gizo-gizo na tarantula yana da bambancin gaske, don haka ana samun waɗannan arthan kwalliyar har ila yau a cikin rawanin bishiyar eucalyptus ko kuma a yankunan busassun hamada.
Girman jikin tarantula na iya bambanta dangane da nau'ikan da ke tsakanin 25-100 mm, amma asalin wannan sigar ita ce gabobin jikin mutum. Ana auna girman gabobin tarantula daga ƙarshen ƙafafun gaba zuwa ƙarshen ƙashin baya, wanda yake gefen kishiyar jikin gizo-gizo.
A ƙa'ida, wannan girman yakai 8-30 cm.Kamar yadda lura na dogon lokaci ya nuna, nauyin manyan nau'in zai iya wuce 80-85 g, kuma gizo-gizo da ke rayuwa a Venezuela da Brazil na iya kaiwa nauyin 140-150 g.
Mafi yawan lokuta, duk nau'ikan dake zaune a yankin Arewacin Amurka suna da launi mai launin gaske mai launin ruwan kasa. Arthropods da ke zaune a wasu yankuna shuɗi ne ko baƙar fata da ratsin fari.
Legsafafun gizo-gizo na tarantula yawanci rawaya ne ko shuɗi mai launi tare da cikin lemu. Gabaɗaya, arthropod yana da nau'i-nau'i huɗu ko ƙafafu takwas, kowannensu yana da raunin juzu'i biyu ko uku. Irin waɗannan sassan jikin suna saukakawa gizo-gizo don hawa saman fuskoki.
Yayin tafiya, ƙafafu na farko da na uku, waɗanda suke gefe ɗaya na jikin gizo-gizo, suna motsawa ta hanya ɗaya, yayin da ƙafafu na biyu da na huɗu, waɗanda suke gefen wancan, suna tafiya a cikin kishiyar shugabanci.
Adana gizo-gizo mai tarantula a gida
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, cututtukan fuka-fukai sun zama da yawa cikin buƙata kuma suna da mashahuri mai ban mamaki, saboda ƙarancin ɗanɗanar su. Sabili da haka, ana kiyaye tarantulas azaman dabbobin gida masu ban sha'awa a cikin yanayin gida.
Inda za a kiyaye gizo-gizo
Don gizo-gizo tarantula, wurin zama ba shi da asali, amma babban yanayin kiyaye gida shine bin duk ƙa'idodi don tsara gidaje. A saboda wannan dalili, galibi ana amfani da kwantena abinci waɗanda aka yi da filastik mai guba, wanda ƙarancinsa ya yi daidai da girman irin wannan dabbar dabbar. Yana da mahimmanci don yin ramuka na samun iska a cikin akwati, bayan haka ƙasar ta cika.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Don mafi yawan nau'ikan gizo-gizo na tarantula, kuna buƙatar sayan terrarium mai dacewa da abin dogara.
Zaɓin terrarium kai tsaye ya dogara da halayen jinsunan gizo-gizo tarantula:
- kallon duniya;
- burrowing jinsuna;
- nau'ikan itace;
- matsakaici ra'ayi.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa halaye na yau da kullun na matasa da tarantula na manya na iya bambanta sosai. Don gizo-gizo, nau'in kwance ko ƙananan terrariums mafi kyau duka. Irin waɗannan tsarukan ba sa rikitar da motsi na dabbar dabba.
Hakanan shine mafi kyau ga burrowing da rabi-burrowing don zaɓar terrarium mai kwance ko mai siffar sukari, a ciki wanda ƙasa mai yawa ke buƙatar zubawa, wanda zai ba da gizo-gizo burrowing ya zo saman sai da daddare, da kuma gizo-gizo rabin burrowing - don ɓoye lokacin da haɗari ya bayyana.
Don dabbobin gida na baƙi na nau'ikan arboreal, kuna buƙatar shirya nau'in terrarium na tsaye. A wannan yanayin, gizo-gizo na tarantula na iya biyan buƙatunsu na halitta yayin gina ramin sama daga yanar gizo. Canananan ofan ƙasa mai tsabta za a iya zuba kan ƙasa.
Bai kamata ku sayi babban terrarium mai yawa don adana kayan kwalliya ba, tunda a wannan yanayin dabbar gidan za ta sami damuwa, wanda ke shafar tsawon rai da lafiya.
Lokacin da aka shirya dukkanin sararin samaniya, ya zama dole a samar da gizo-gizo gida da mafaka, wanda ke wakiltar kowane irin kayan kwalliya da kayan ado. Wannan hanyar shirya gidan gizo-gizo yana da mahimmanci musamman yayin adana nau'ikan itace a gida. Koyaya, kayan adon halitta a cikin yanayin shuke-shuke masu rai sau da yawa galibi suna lalacewa kuma suna haifar da ci gaban ƙwayoyin cuta.
Tsaftacewa da tsaftacewa, tsafta
Ingantaccen ƙasa mai inganci, wacce aka cika ta cikin terrarium, tana da mahimmanci.... Soilasa mai kyau tana taimakawa wajen kula da matakan danshi. Zaka iya zaɓar ƙasa da kanka. Irin wannan matattarar dole ne ta sami yanayin iska mai kyau. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, kasar gona ya kamata ta zama mai tsafta kamar yadda zai yiwu don hana ci gaban microflora mai lalacewa da kuma mudu. Matsakaicin abu ne mai ƙarancin danshi, amma ba mai zurfi ba.
Don yin substrate isasshe danshi, ya zama dole a kai a kai jika kasar gona da ruwa mai tsafta a dakin da zafin jiki. Rashin ruwa da yawa da ƙarancin ƙasa a cikin tera ba abin karɓa ba ne, kuma galibi yakan zama babban dalilin mutuwa ko dabbobin gida. Ya kamata a gudanar da tsabtace jikin bangon da ƙasan shingen da zarar ya zama datti. Hakanan an ba shi izinin aiwatar da wani ɓangare na maye gurbin substrate.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Gogaggen masu mallakar gizo-gizo tarantula sun ba da shawarar sanya kayan kwakwa a kasan terrarium, wanda ke da dukkan halayen da suka dace don kiyaye kayan kwalliya a gida.
Me kuma sau nawa ake ciyar da gizo-gizo
Ya kamata a yi amfani da abinci mai rai don ciyar da mai gizo-gizo, gami da zoophobes, crickets da kyankyasai. Dole ne ɓangaren ciyarwar ya zama kusan rabin girman jikin dabbar gidan. Ba a ba da shawarar da ƙarfi a yi amfani da ƙwayoyi a cikin abincin gizo-gizo. Iyakar abin da aka keɓance ga wannan ƙa'idar sune manyan jinsuna, gami da Thеrаrоsа blоndi. Hakanan, abu ne wanda ba'a so a ciyar da gizo-gizo tare da kwari iri-iri da aka kama a yanayi.
Irin wannan abincin yana iya zama ba kawai ya kamu da ƙwayoyin cuta ba, amma yana ƙunshe da kowane nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta masu guba ga cututtukan zuciya. Mafi shaharar nau'ikan abincin da tarantula ke cinyewa sune kyankyaso na marmara, kyankyasai na Turkmen, kyankyasowan Madagascar, crickets, tsutsotsi, ƙwayoyin jini, tsutsar ciki, tsutsar zophobas da kwari da dare.
Spananan gizo-gizo suna buƙatar ciyarwa sau da yawa, har zuwa lokacin narkar da aiki, da manya - da ɗan sau da yawa. Babu wata dabara mai kyau don ciyar da gizo-gizo, amma yana da kyau a kirga adadin kwanakin bayan da aka ba wa dabbobin abinci daidai da adadin zafin + 1.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Dangane da yawan lura da mahimmin aikin gizo-gizo, tarantulas, wanda lokaci-lokaci ke yin yunwa da yardar rai, sun rayu fiye da yawancin takwarorinsu na ciyar da abinci koyaushe.
Kamar yadda al'adar adana gizo-gizo a cikin farfajiyar ke nunawa, irin waɗannan dabbobin gida galibi kansu ne kuma gaba ɗaya mara ma'ana ne da ƙin cin abinci na dogon lokaci. Irin wannan nau'in yajin yunwa, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba shi da mummunan tasiri ga lafiyar arachnids.
Cututtuka, magani da rigakafi
Cututtukan da suka shafi gizo-gizo tarantula a halin yanzu suna cikin nau'ikan binciken da bai isa ba, saboda haka, babu wata hanyar da ta dace da maganinsu. Mafi sanadin mutuwa ga gizogizan gizo-gizo mai tsananin bushewar jiki ne, saboda haka dole ne ya zama matattarar ta kasance koyaushe kuma ta wadatar sosai.
Tarantula na iya mutuwa daga rauni ko rauni mai tsanani.... Don hana baƙon ciki daga fadowa daga babban tsayi, yana da matukar mahimmanci a yi amfani da murfin tare da ƙananan ramuka masu yawa na iska don rufe terrarium. Don magance raunin da arthropod ya samu, ana amfani da jelly na talakawa.
Yawancin nau'ikan cakulkuli na iya cutar da gizo-gizo, amma mafi haɗarin haɗari ga exotics ana haifar da shi ta hanyar ectoparasites wanda ke cutar da huhun wani yanki kuma yana haifar da saurin saurin irin wannan dabbar. Don dalilai na rigakafi, yakamata a aiwatar da cikakken maye gurbin maye gurbin a cikin terrarium kowane watanni shida. Magungunan cikin gida, waɗanda nematodes ke wakilta, ba su da wata illa ga gizo-gizo, sabili da haka yana da matukar mahimmanci a tsaftace mazaunin tarantula.
Matakan kariya
Gizo-gizo mai tsananin guba a duniyanmu kyakkyawa ne mai kyallen ƙarfe mai ƙarancin ƙarfe (Poesilotheria metallisa). Wannan yana da ƙarfi da sauri, mai saurin tashin hankali kuma wanda ba a iya hango shi gabaɗaya, fasali na musamman wanda shine ikon tsalle sama.
Guba ta wannan nau'in tana da guba sosai, kuma cizon na iya haifar da matsanancin ciwo ga mutum, ƙarar zuciya, ƙaruwar gumi, ƙaura, ciwon tsoka ko rauni mai tsanani. Koyaya, kamar yadda ake nunawa, mutuwa ba zata yuwu ba. Duk da cewa gizo-gizo mai jan karfe tarantula yana da matukar wahala kuma an jera shi a cikin Littafin Red Book na kasa da kasa, wani lokacin ana samun shi a cikin tarin masanan da ke tattare da nau'ikan nau'ikan cututtukan arthropod.
Sake bugun tarantula
A lokacin ƙuruciya, duk gizo-gizo tarantula yana kama da mace a cikin sifa, amma da girma, bambancin jinsi ya zama bayyananne... Manya maza suna da ƙaramin ciki idan aka kwatanta da na mata da ƙugiyoyin tibial a gaban kafa. Bugu da kari, ana rarrabe maza da bangarorin karshe na kumburin mara, wanda ke yin aikin al'aura.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana tabbatar da rarrabe namiji da mace bayan kusan narkakkun bakwai.
Mutanen da suka manyanta a shirye suke su yi aure. Hadi yana gudana a cikin mahaifar, wanda ke sadarwa tare da maganin al'aura. Daban-daban na kwan kwan suna faruwa a lokuta daban-daban. Eggswan da aka kwantawa ana haɗa su da mata zuwa ga raƙumi. Ana aiwatar da wannan aikin a cikin ɗakin burrow mai rai, wanda mace ta zama gida mai daɗi. Kokon, galibi, ana wakilta ta ɓangarori biyu tare da gefuna haɗe. Ana kiyaye kama ta tarantula ta mata kuma ana kula da kwakwa. Dogaro da yanayin zafi da zafi, kwakwa yana juyawa ko motsi.
Zagayowar cikakken ci gaban gizo-gizo daga kwai zuwa imago bai wuce ba, a matsayin mai mulkin, makonni uku. Girman gizo-gizo waɗanda aka haifa sun bambanta a cikin kewayon da ya dace, wanda ya dogara da halayen jinsin. A ƙa'ida, bayan yaran sun fito daga kwakwa, mace ba ta ƙara nuna damuwa ga ɗiyar ba.
Halayen halitta da salon rayuwar samarin gizo-gizo da aka haifa galibi suna kama da na gizo-gizo manya. Broaramin samari ya tanada ma kanshi matsuguni, maimakon farauta sosai don abubuwan abinci mafi dacewa.
Tarantula nawa ke rayuwa cikin kamuwa
Tsawan rayuwar wasu nau'in tarantula yayin da aka tsare su cikin kamuwa ya sha bamban. Misali:
- nau'in itace da tarantula na usterinochilus - bai fi shekaru 7-14 ba;
- dukkan manyan jinsunan duniya sun kai shekara 20 da haihuwa.
Maza sun girma fiye da mata, a kusan shekara guda da rabi, don haka mafi yawan lokuta matsakaita rayuwar namiji a bayan jego na ƙarshe bai wuce watanni shida ba. Koyaya, ana kiran waɗanda ake kira maza masu tsawon rai waɗanda suka rayu na dogon lokaci:
- Grammostola rosea maza - shekara ɗaya da rabi;
- maza na Megarhobema velvetosoma - watanni tara;
- Roesilotheria formos male - kimanin watanni 11;
- namiji Roesilotheria ornata - kadan a cikin shekara;
- Roesilotheria rufilata maza suna kimanin shekara ɗaya da rabi.
An yi rijistar shari'ar da ba a cika samun irinta ba yayin da aka samu nasarar samar da kwayar halitta ta maza Roesilotheria da ke tsare a cikin fursunoni cikin nasara ta iya narkar da wasu lokuta tare da wata daya da rabi tsakanin narkakkun.
Siyan gizo-gizo mai tarantula, farashin
Matsakaicin farashin kowane yanki, gami da gizo-gizo mai rarrafe, kai tsaye ya dogara da halaye na shekaru, jinsi da ƙarancin jinsinsu. Idan babu gogewa wajen kiyaye irin wannan nau'in na zamani, yana da kyau a sayi mutum mai girma. Youngananan samari gizo-gizo zasu buƙaci kulawa mai mahimmanci daga mai shi fiye da manyan gizo-gizo.
Har ila yau, dole ne a tuna cewa tsawon rayuwar namiji yana da ɗan gajarta fiye da mata.... Bugu da kari, maza sun fi mata girma a cikin girma kuma da wuya suna wakiltar kowane darajar tarin. Nau'in da ke wanzu, wanda maza ke da kyan gani da haske, ba safai ba, saboda haka da yawa daga masu ba da fata na haihuwa suna haihuwar mace tarantula a matsayin dabbar dabba.
Matsakaicin tsada a cikin shagunan sayar da dabbobi na birni da na makiyaya masu zaman kansu:
- tarantula Brachyrelma alborilosum - daga 300 rubles;
- tarantula Сerаtogyrus mаrshalli - 300-350 rubles;
- tarantula Lasiodora parahybana - daga 200 rubles;
- tarantula Chilobrashys dyscolus "shuɗi" - 500-550 rubles;
- tarantula Nootele incei - 450-500 rubles;
- tarantula Brachyrelma banza - 300-350 rubles;
- tarantula Pterinochilus murinus da Nhandu chromatus - 500 rubles;
- tarantula Heterоthеle villоsella da Cyriosоsmus perеzmilеsi - 400 rubles.
Sayen tarantula Psalmoroeus sambridgei da Chromatorelma cyanneorubescens, wanda farashin su yakai 1500 da 1000 rubles, bi da bi, zaiyi tsada sosai.
Binciken mai mallakar Tarantula
Ba shi yiwuwa a ilimantar da shi, horar da shi ko horas da gizo-gizo mai rarrafe a cikin ma'anar irin waɗannan kalmomin ga masu mallakar baƙon.... Koda tarantula mai nutsuwa tana iya cizon mai ita idan ta hango hatsari kwatsam.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Wararrun jagororin gizo-gizo suna ba da shawarar cewa a yi duk magudi da ke tattare da kiyaye terrarium ta amfani da keɓaɓɓen dogon tweezers.
Kamar yadda masu mallaka suka lura, tarantulas, waɗanda tun suna ƙanana suke kewaye da hankali kuma sau da yawa ana ɗauka a hannu, sun fi annashuwa game da mahalli da mai shi.
