Frontosa (Latin Cyphotilapia frontosa) ko sarauniyar Tanganyika kifi ne mai kyau ƙwarai, kuma ya shahara sosai ga masoyan cichlid.
Babban girma da launuka masu haske nan da nan suna jan hankali, koda a cikin akwatin kifaye inda sauran kifaye ke cike da launuka. Girman kifin yana da ban sha'awa sosai, har zuwa 35 cm, kuma launi yana da ban sha'awa, a cikin sifofin ratsi mai launin shuɗi a bango mai launin shuɗi ko fari. Kyakkyawan kifi ne, amma an shirya shi ne don ƙatocin cichlids.
Kifin yana da sauƙin kulawa, amma yana buƙatar madaidaiciyar akwatin kifaye da kayan aiki masu inganci. Zai fi kyau a fara Sarauniyar Tanganyika tare da masaniyar ruwa tare da wasu ƙwarewa.
Ba su da rikici sosai, don haka ana iya kiyaye su tare da wasu manyan kifaye, amma sun fi kyau a cikin akwatin kifaye daban, a cikin ƙaramin rukuni. Yawancin lokaci irin wannan rukunin ya ƙunshi maza guda ɗaya da mata uku, amma ya fi kyau a ajiye su cikin rukunin mutane 8 zuwa 12, amma, wannan yana buƙatar babban akwatin kifaye.
Ana iya adana kifi ɗaya a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da ƙarancin kusan lita 300, kuma don da yawa, ana buƙatar akwatin kifaye na lita 500 ko fiye.
Yasa mai yashi da dutsen da mafaka sandstone suna ba da kyakkyawan yanayi don ci gaban gaba. Ba sa buƙatar tsire-tsire, amma kuna iya shuka wasu, kamar yadda kifin ke taɓa shuke-shuke ƙasa da sauran cichlids.
Sarauniyar Tanganyika gaba dayanta kifi ce mai ban sha'awa, kuma ba ta damun maƙwabta, amma har sai sun shiga yankin ta.
Don haka ba shi da ma'ana a ajiye su cikin ƙirar kifaye. Tabbas, wannan ya shafi babban kifi, idan akwai kifi a cikin akwatin kifaye wanda frontosa zai iya haɗiye shi, ba zai gaza yin wannan ba.
Rayuwa a cikin yanayi
Sarauniyar Tanganyika, ko kuma cyphotilapia na frontosa, an fara bayyana ta a cikin 1906. Yana zaune a Tafkin Tanganyika a Afirka, inda yake da yadu sosai. Ba kamar sauran cichlids da ke son zama a mafaka da duwatsu ba, sun gwammace su zauna a cikin manyan yankuna haɗe da gabar rairayin bakin teku.
Suna zaune kusan dukkanin Tanganyika, amma koyaushe a cikin zurfin (mita 10-50). Wannan ya sa kamun ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba, kuma tsawon shekaru abin yayi yawa da tsada.
Yanzu an gama cin nasara sosai a cikin fursuna, kuma galibi ana samun sa a kasuwa.
Suna ciyar da kifi, molluscs da nau'ikan invertebrates.
Bayani
Kifin yana da girma da ƙarfi, da girma da goshi da kuma babban baki. A cikin akwatin kifaye, zasu iya girma zuwa 30 cm a tsayi, mata suna da ƙanana kaɗan, kusan 25 cm.
A dabi'a, sun fi girma, matsakaicin girman shine 35, kodayake akwai mutane sama da 40 cm tsayi. Tsammani na rayuwa ya kai kimanin shekaru 20.
Namiji da mace duk suna da maiko a goshinsu, amma a namiji ya fi girma kuma ya fi bayyana. Yaran ba su da irin wannan ci gaban.
Launin jiki launin shuɗi ne-shuɗi, tare da shi akwai ratsi-huɗi huɗu masu faɗi. Fins suna fari zuwa shuɗi. Fafafun ƙafafunsu suna da tsayi kuma suna nunawa.
Wahala cikin abun ciki
Kifi don ƙwararrun masanan ruwa, kamar yadda frontosa ke buƙatar sararin akwatin kifaye tare da ruwa mai tsafta da canje-canje na yau da kullun, da zaɓaɓɓun maƙwabta yadda yakamata.
Wannan shine mafi kyawun cichlids, wanda har za'a iya ajiye shi a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da sauran manyan kifaye, amma kamar kowane mai farauta, zai ci ƙananan kifi.
Ciyarwa
Masu cin nama suna cin kowane irin abinci mai rai. A dabi'a, waɗannan ƙananan kifi ne da mollusks iri-iri.
A cikin akwatin kifaye, suna cin abinci iri-iri - kifi, tsutsotsi, jatan lande, naman mussel, naman kifi, zuciyar naman shanu da naman da aka yi a gida da yawa. Hakanan ƙananan abinci - bloodworm, tubule, corotra, brine shrimp.
Zai fi kyau kada ku ciyar da kifin mai rai sai dai idan kun tabbatar suna cikin koshin lafiya. Koyaya, haɗarin gabatar da cuta mai cutar yana da girma sosai.
Don ramawa saboda rashin bitamin, zaku iya ciyar da abinci na musamman don cichlids, wanda ke ƙunshe da ƙari iri-iri, kamar su spirulina.
Gabon baya cin abinci cikin gaggawa, kuma ya fi kyau a ciyar dasu sau da yawa a rana a ƙananan rabo.
Adana cikin akwatin kifaye
Hutu da babban kifi wanda ke iyo a cikin akwatin kifaye kuma yana buƙatar ƙarar mai yawa.
Kifi ɗaya yana buƙatar akwatin kifaye na lita 300, amma zai fi kyau a adana su cikin rukuni 4 ko fiye. Don irin wannan rukunin, an riga an buƙaci akwatin kifaye na lita 500 ko fiye.
Baya ga canjin ruwa na yau da kullun, ya kamata a shigar da matattarar waje mai ƙarfi a cikin akwatin kifaye, saboda duk cichlids suna da matukar damuwa game da tsabtace ruwa da sigogi.
Baya ga tacewa, wannan yana inganta musayar iskar gas kuma yana tsaftace ruwan da iskar oxygen, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga ci gaban jiki, wanda a dabi'a yana rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai wadataccen oxygen mai narkewa. Don haka koda kuna da matattara mai kyau, ƙarin yanayi ba zai cutar da ku ba.
Bugu da kari, ya kamata a duba ingancin ruwa a kai a kai tare da gwaje-gwaje kuma ya kamata a guje wa yawan wuce gona da iri.
Tafkin Tanganyika shi ne tafki na biyu mafi girma a duniya, wanda ke nufin cewa yana da ƙarancin zafin jiki da sauyin pH da kuma yanayin kwanciyar hankali. Duk Tanganyika cichlids suna buƙatar tsayayyar zafin jiki da adadi mai narkewa na oxygen a cikin ruwa.
Matsakaicin zafin jiki don kiyaye ci gaban gaba shine 24-26 ° C. Hakanan, tabkin yana da wuya (12-14 ° dGH) da ruwa mai ƙanshi (ph: 8.0-8.5). Waɗannan sigogin suna haifar da matsala ga mashigin ruwa waɗanda ke zaune a yankunan da ke da ruwa mai laushi ƙwarai da gaske kuma suna da damar yin maganin taurin zuciya kamar ƙara gutsuren murjani zuwa akwatin kifaye.
A cikin akwatin kifaye, suna da tushe sosai idan abun cikin yana kusa da ƙayyadaddun sigogin. A wannan yanayin, yana da mahimmanci sigogin ruwa ba su canza kwatsam ba, ya kamata a maye gurbin ruwan a ƙananan ƙananan kuma a kai a kai.
Tsire-tsire ba su da wata mahimmanci don adanawa, amma kuna iya dasa ƙwazo da manyan nau'in. Sand zai zama mafi kyawun zaɓi na substrate, kuma ana buƙatar wasu matsuguni a cikin akwatin kifaye, misali, manyan duwatsu ko itacen ditiya.
Duk da girman su, frontosa suna da ɗan kunya kuma suna son ɓoyewa. Amma, tabbatar cewa duwatsun duka sun tabbata kuma ba zasu faɗi ba yayin da wannan babban kifin yake ƙoƙarin ɓoyewa a cikinsu.
Karfinsu
Gabaɗaya, basu cika wuce gona da iri ba. Amma, yanki da kuma kishi sosai suna kiyaye shi, don haka ya fi kyau a kiyaye su shi kaɗai.
A dabi'ance, kar ka manta cewa waɗannan 'yan farauta ne kuma za su ci kowane kifin da za su iya haɗiye shi. Bugu da kari, wadannan sune kifaye marasa sauri wadanda suke ci a hankali.
Sau da yawa ana ajiye su tare da Malawi, amma irin waɗannan maƙwabta suna damuwa da su. Suna aiki, da sauri, suna yawo ko'ina.
Don haka yana da kyau a kiyaye ci gaban gaba daban da sauran kifaye, a karamar makaranta, namiji daya da mata uku, ko a babbar makarantar kifi 8-12.
Bambancin jima'i
Kodayake yana da wahala a rarrabe namiji da mace, amma zaka iya mai da hankali kan girman - namijin ya fi girma kuma yana da kumburi kara mai a goshi.
Kiwo
Frontosis an dade ana kiwo, kuma kamar yadda muka fada a baya, wannan matsala ce ta shekaru da yawa, tunda yana da matukar wahala a iya kama su a cikin yanayi. Namiji na iya saduwa da mata da yawa.
Zai fi kyau a sayi balagaggun ma'aurata ko matasa matasa 10-12. Yayinda matasa ke girma, ana rarraba su, suna cire mafi ƙanƙanta da mafi kyau. Suna yin hakan kowane rabin shekara, suna barin mafi girman kifi (mai yiwuwa zai zama namiji) da mata 4-5.
Don isa balaga, kifi na buƙatar shekaru 3-4 (kuma maza suna girma a hankali fiye da mata), saboda haka wannan jeri yana buƙatar haƙuri da yawa.
Spawning mai sauki ne. Ya kamata spawn ya zama babba, lita 400 ko sama da haka, tare da duwatsu da mafaka don namiji ya sami yankinsa. Ruwa - pH kimanin 8, taurin 10 ° dGH, zazzabi 25 - 28 C.
Mace tana yin ƙwai (bai fi guda 50 ba, amma babba) a wurin da namiji zai shirya, yawanci tsakanin duwatsu. Bayan haka sai namiji ya hada mata. Mace tana ɗauke da ƙwai a baki, a rana ta uku sai ƙwai ya soya.
Mace na ci gaba da sanya soya a cikin baki, yayin da namijin ke kare yankin. Zasu kula da soya kusan sati 4-6. Kuna iya ciyar da soya tare da brine shrimp nauplii.
