Cutar Shorthair ta Amurka, ko shorthair, ana ɗauka alama ce ta Amurka, tare da ƙwallon ƙwallon baseball da kek ɗin apple.
Wadannan kuliyoyin suna zaune a Amurka sama da shekaru 400, sun isa tare da farkon masu baƙi.
An yi amfani da su azaman masu kama da bera, don rage ƙauyukan mulkin mallaka na ɓeraye waɗanda ke tare da jirgin a wancan lokacin. Wannan kyanwar tana da jiki mai muscular da ƙafafu masu ƙarfi da aka tsara don farauta. Dangane da abun ciki, suna da sauƙi, mara tsada, abokantaka kuma basu da ma'ana.
Tarihin irin
A bayyane yake, kyanwa irin ta Amurkawa sun zo Amurka ne daga Turai, tunda Arewacin ko Kudancin Amurka ba su da wani nau'in da za su iya zuwa. Alamar gajeren gajere ta Amurka ta fito ne daga Turai, amma sun zauna a Amurka sama da shekaru 400.
Wanene ya sani, watakila a karon farko waɗannan kuliyoyin sun sauka tare da Christopher Columbus? Amma, hakika sun kasance a Jamestown, wurin zama na farko na Biritaniya a cikin Sabuwar Duniya, kuma mun san wannan daga shigarwar jarida tun daga 1609.
A baya doka ce ta ɗaukar kuliyoyi a jirgin. An yi imanin cewa ta isa Amurka ne a kan Mayflower, wanda ke ɗauke da mahajjata don gano mulkin mallaka.
Aikin wannan tafiya ya kasance na zahiri ne kawai, wanda ke kama beraye da ɓeraye waɗanda ke lalata kayan abinci akan jiragen ruwa.
Bayan lokaci, an haye ta tare da wasu nau'o'in: Persian, British Shorthair, Burmese kuma ta sami nau'in da muke saninta da ita a yau.
Ba matsala daga inda suka fito da kuma yaushe, amma sun zama cikakkun membobin jama'a, suna yi mata aiki a matsayin masu kare rumbunan gidaje, gidaje da filaye daga ƙungiyoyin haƙoran da suma suka hau jirgi.
Daga wannan ra'ayi, ayyuka sun fi muhimmanci fiye da kyau, kuma masu mulkin mallaka na farko sun ba da hankali sosai ga launi, yanayin jiki da launin kuliyoyin Amurka Shorthair.
Kuma yayin da zabin yanayi ya kasance mai tsauri akan mutane da kuliyoyi, sun sami damar daidaitawa da haɓaka tsokoki, muƙamuƙi, da saurin aiki. Amma, shahararrun mutane sun samo asali a tsakiyar shekarun 1960, lokacin da ya fara shiga cikin nune-nunen da lashe kyaututtuka.
A farkon karni, wadannan kuliyoyin an haye su a asirce tare da Farisawa, don inganta waje da bayar da launin azurfa.
A sakamakon haka, sun canza kuma sun sami sifofin fasalin kuliyoyin Farisa. Tunda Farisawa sun yi nasara sosai, irin waɗannan matasan sun zama sananne.
Amma, yayin da lokaci ya ci gaba, sababbin nau'ikan sun maye gurbin Shorthair na Amurka. Gidajen suna da sha'awar irin wannan nau'in kamar Farisa, Siamese, Angora kuma sun manta da Kurzhaars, waɗanda suka bauta musu cikin aminci har tsawon shekaru.
Wata ƙungiyar masu sha'awar ƙaunatacciyar ƙaunatacciyar ƙawancen Amurka Shorthair sun fara shirin kiyayewa, kodayake suna kiyaye launin azurfa kamar yadda ya zama sananne.
Da farko, abubuwa sun tafi wuya, tunda basu sami wani tallafi daga wasu masu kiwo ba. A waccan zamanin, ba za su iya yin nasara ba a cikin zoben nunawa game da sababbin nau'in, ba za a iya wakiltar su a cikin su ba, tunda babu wani mizani.
Kuma wannan ya ci gaba har zuwa 1940s, lokacin da a hankali kuma tare da kullun, amma shahararrun nau'in ya fara girma.
A watan Satumbar 1965, masu kiwo suka zabi sake sunan irin. A yau ana kiranta da kyanwa Shorthair na Amurka, ko gajeren gajere (don kada a rikita shi da nau'in kare), wanda a baya ake kira gajeren gida.
Amma rumfunan suna jin tsoron cewa a ƙarƙashin wannan sunan ba za ta sami buƙata a kasuwa ba, kuma ta sake ba da suna.
A yau an yarda da su a hukumance, suna cikin shahara a Amurka, na huɗu a cikin duk nau'in kyanwa.
Bayani
Ma'aikata na gaske, waɗanda shekarunsu masu wahala suka taurare, kuliyoyi suna da muscular, an gina su da yawa. Girman girma ko matsakaici.
Cats masu girma da jima'i suna da nauyi daga kilogiram 5 zuwa 7.5, kuliyoyi daga 3.5 zuwa 5 kilogiram. Suna girma a hankali, kuma suna girma har zuwa shekara ta uku - ta huɗu ta rayuwa.
Tsammani na shekaru 15-20.
Kan yana karami, zagaye, tare da idanuwa masu nisa. Kan kansa yana da girma, tare da madaidaiciyar bakin bakinsa, maƙwabta masu ƙarfi da ke iya ɗaukar ganima.
Kunnuwa suna da matsakaiciyar girma, an zagaye su kadan a tip kuma an fadada su sosai a kai. Idanun suna da girma, kusurwar gefen ido ta ɗan yi sama da na ciki. Launin ido ya dogara da launi da launi.
Paws na matsakaiciyar tsayi, tare da tsokoki masu ƙarfi, suna ƙarewa a cikin babban shimfiɗar faifai. Wutsiyar tana da kauri, na matsakaiciyar tsayi, ta fi fadi a gindin kuma tana taɓarwa a ƙarshen, ƙarshen wutsiyar ba ta da kyau.
Gashi gajere ne, mai yawa, mai taurin taɓawa. Zai iya canza yanayinsa ya danganta da yanayi; a lokacin hunturu ya zama mai yawa.
Amma, a kowane yanayi, yana da yawa sosai don kare katar daga sanyi, kwari da rauni.
Fiye da launuka da launuka 80 iri daban-daban an gane su don kyanwar gajeren Amurka. Daga tabby mai launin ruwan kasa zuwa kuliyoyi masu launin shuɗi mai fari fari ko hayaƙi. Wasu na iya zama baƙi ko duhu toka. Za'a iya yin la'akari da launi mai tabbaci na yau da kullun, shine mafi mashahuri a baje kolin. Kuliyoyi ne kawai ba a ba su damar yin gasa ba, a cikin su alamun alamomin hadewar ke bayyane a bayyane, sakamakon alamun alamun wasu nau'o'in ke ci gaba. Misali, launuka: cakulan, lilac, fawn, sable.
Duk wata alama da ke nuna irin ta gauraye, gami da: dogon fur, kwalliya a kan jela da wuya, idanuwan da suka fito da gwatso, wutsiya mai laushi ko launin launi sune filayen rashin cancanta.
Hali
Maganar "komai cikin yanayi" yana tuna mana lokacin da ya zama dole a bayyana halayyar kyanwar Shorthair ta Amurka. Wannan ba shimfiɗar shimfiɗa ba ne, amma kuma ba bouncing fluffy ball ba.
A gare ku ne idan kuna son kyanwa da ke farin cikin kwanciya a cinyar ku, ba kan ku ba, kuma ba za ta yi mahaukaci ba yayin da kuke bakin aiki.
Kamar yan mulkin mallaka da suka kawo ta, ɗan gajeren zango yana son independenceancin kai. Sun fi son yin tafiya a kan kafafunsu kuma ba sa son ɗauka idan wannan ba ra'ayinsu ba ne. In ba haka ba, suna da wayo, masu son mutane, masu son mutane.
Suna kuma son yin wasa, kuma sun kasance suna wasa har ma da tsufa. Kuma ilhamomin farauta har yanzu suna tare da su, kar a manta. Idan babu beraye da beraye, suna kama kwari da wasu kwari, suna gane su ta wannan hanyar. Suna kuma son kallon tsuntsaye da sauran abubuwa a wajen taga.
Idan kun bari a kan titi, to ku shirya don kyaututtuka a cikin siffar ɓeraye da tsuntsaye waɗanda za ta kawo. Da kyau, a cikin gidan, ka nisanta da aku. Hakanan suna son wurare masu tsayi, kamar su saman ko saman bishiyoyi don kuliyoyi, amma ana iya yaye su daga hawa kayan daki.
Zasu dace da kowane yanayi, da kuma sauran dabbobi. Kurzhaars suna da nutsuwa a dabi'ance, kuliyoyi masu kyakkyawar dabi'a, sanannu a tsakanin iyalai, saboda suna haƙuri da fitinar yara. Gine-gine ne masu wayo kuma masu sha'awar duk abubuwan da ke faruwa a kusa dasu.
Suna son haɗin mutane, amma a lokaci guda suna da 'yanci, yawancinsu suna da laushi, amma wasu sun fi son kasancewa tare. Zai fi kyau a guji mai da hankali koyaushe kuma a bar katar a kanta.
Idan kana son kiwo mai nutsuwa da nutsuwa lokacin da ka dawo gida daga wahala a wurin aiki, wannan ita ce irinta. Ba kamar sauran nau'in ba, da wuya ta buƙaci komai, sai dai idan ka manta da ciyarwa. Kuma har ma a lokacin yana yin ta da taimakon karin waƙoƙi, murya mai ƙarfi, kuma ba siren mara daɗi ba.
Kulawa da kulawa
Babu buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Kamar Shorthair na Birtaniyya, suna yawan wuce gona da iri da yawa, don haka bai kamata ku rinjaye su ba.
Don guje wa waɗannan matsalolin, kar a cika ciyarwa kuma a yi wasa da kyanwar don kiyaye ta da motsa jiki.
Af, waɗannan an haife su mafarauta, kuma idan kuna da dama, ku bar su su fita cikin farfajiyar, bari su aiwatar da tunaninsu.
Kula dasu mai sauki ne. Tunda rigar takaitacciya ce, ya isa a tsefe shi sau ɗaya a mako kuma a tsaftace kunnuwa akai-akai, datsa ƙusoshin. Ba mai wuce gona da iri bane da kuma turowa, wanda ake bukatar a koyawa kyanwa.
Zabar yar kyanwa
Siyan kyanwa da ba a rubuce ba babbar haɗari ce. Bugu da kari, a cikin katar, ana yi wa kyanwa allurar rigakafi, ana koyar da su bayan gida, ana kuma gwada su kan cututtuka. Tuntuɓi ƙwararrun makiyaya, nurseries masu kyau.
Lafiya
Saboda juriya da rashin fahimta, suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 15 ko sama da haka. Wasu daga cikinsu suna fama da cutar sanyin jiki (HCM), ci gaba da cutar zuciya da ke haifar da mutuwa.
Alamomin sun birkice wanda wani lokacin kyanwar tana mutuwa kwatsam kuma ba gaira ba dalili. Tunda yana ɗaya daga cikin cututtukan cututtuka na yau da kullun, akwai dakunan gwaje-gwaje a cikin Amurka waɗanda zasu iya gano wani zaɓi na HCM a matakin kwayar halitta.
A cikin kasashenmu, irin wadannan nasarorin ba su yiwu ba tukuna. Ba za a iya warkar da wannan yanayin ba, amma magani na iya rage shi.
Wata cuta, kodayake ba ta mutu ba, amma mai raɗaɗi da kuma ɓata rayuwar cat ita ce dysplasia ta hip.
Tare da sassauƙan hanyar cutar, alamunta kusan ba a iya gani, amma a cikin mawuyacin yanayi yana haifar da ciwo mai tsanani, ƙwanƙwasa gaɓoɓi, amosanin gabbai.
Wadannan cututtukan, kodayake ana samunsu a cikin gajeren gashi na Amurka, amma basu da yawa sosai fiye da sauran nau'ikan.
Kar ka manta, waɗannan ba kuliyoyi ba ne kawai, masu ganowa ne da mahajjata waɗanda suka ci Amurka kuma suka halaka sojojin beraye.
