Leonberger babban nau'in kare ne da ake kiwo a garin Leonberg, Baden-Württemberg, Jamus. A cewar tatsuniya, an yi kiwon irin ne a matsayin alama, tunda garin yana da zaki a jikin rigar sa.
Abstracts
- Beran kwikwiyon Leonberger cike suke da kuzari da homoni, suna da kuzari sosai a shekarun farko na rayuwa. Karnukan manya suna da nutsuwa da mutunci.
- Suna son kasancewa tare da iyalansu kuma basu dace da zama a cikin ɗakunan ajiya ko sarka ba.
- Wannan babban kare ne kuma yana buƙatar sarari don kiyaye shi. Gida mai zaman kansa tare da babban yadi ya dace.
- Suna narkewa da annashuwa, musamman sau biyu a shekara.
- Suna da matukar son yara kuma suna son su, amma babban girman yana sanya kowane kare mai hatsarin gaske.
- Leonberger, kamar kowane nau'in kare mai girma, yana da ɗan gajeren rayuwa. Dan kimanin shekara 7 kawai.
Tarihin irin
A cikin 1830, Heinrich Essig, mai kiwo kuma magajin garin Leonberg, ya ba da sanarwar cewa ya ƙirƙiri sabon nau'in kare. Ya tsallaka wata karuwa ta Newfoundland da wani ɗan Barry daga St. Bernard (mun san shi a matsayin St. Bernard).
Bayan haka, bisa ga bayanan nasa, an kara jinin karen dutsen Pyrenean kuma sakamakon ya kasance karnuka manya-manya masu dogon gashi, wanda aka yaba a wancan lokacin, da kuma kyawawan halaye.
Af, gaskiyar cewa shine Essig wanda shine mahaliccin nau'in ana jayayya. A baya a 1585, Yarima Clemens Lothar von Metternich ya mallaki karnukan da aka bayyana su da kamanni da Leonberger. Koyaya, babu shakka cewa Essig ne ya yi rajista kuma ya sa wa jinsin suna.
Kare na farko da aka yi wa rijista a matsayin Leonberger an haife shi ne a shekara ta 1846 kuma ya gaji yawancin halaye irin na waɗanda ya samo asali. Mashahurin labari ya ce an halicce shi ne don alamar birni, tare da zaki a jikin rigar sa.
Leonberger ya zama sananne tare da dangi masu mulki a Turai. Daga cikinsu akwai Napoleon II, Otto von Bismarck, Elizabeth na Bavaria, Napoleon III.
Rubutun baƙar fata da fari na Leonberger an haɗa shi a cikin littafin Illustrated Book of Dogs, wanda aka buga a cikin 1881. A wannan lokacin, an ayyana nau'in a matsayin sana'ar St. Bernard da ba ta yi nasara ba, wani nau'in da ba shi da tabbas kuma ba a san shi ba, sakamakon salon zamani ne na manyan karnuka masu ƙarfi.
An bayyana shahararsa ta wayon Essig, wanda ya ba da karnuka ga mawadata da mashahurai. A al'adance, ana ajiye su a gonaki kuma ana basu kyaututtuka saboda halayensu na kiyayewa da ikon ɗaukar kaya. Sau da yawa ana ganin su an sanya su cikin haɗari, musamman a yankin Bavaria.
Gwanin zamani na Leonberger (tare da furfura mai duhu da bakin fuska a fuska) ya ɗauki fasali a rabi na biyu na ƙarni na 20 ta hanyar gabatar da sabbin ƙira irin su Newfoundland.
Wannan babu makawa saboda karnukan da aka yi wa lahani ƙwarai a lokacin yaƙin duniya biyu. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na ,aya, yawancin karnukan an yi watsi da su ko an kashe su, ana jin cewa 5 ne kawai suka rayu.
A farkon Yaƙin Duniya na II, nau'in ya murmure kuma ya sake fuskantar hari. Wasu karnuka sun zauna a gida kuma sun kasance masu tsada don kiyayewa, ana amfani da wasu azaman ikon sarrafawa a cikin yaƙin.
Leonberger na yau ya samo asali ne daga karnukan nan tara da suka tsira daga Yaƙin Duniya na biyu.
Ta hanyar ƙoƙarin masu son, an sake dawo da jinsi kuma sannu a hankali ya sami farin jini, kodayake ya kasance ɗayan karnukan da ba su da yawa a cikin ƙungiyar masu aiki. Kenungiyar Baƙin Amurka ta Amurka kawai ta san irin a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2010.
Bayanin irin
Karnuka suna da kwarjini mai ruɓaɓɓe, suna da girma, tsoka, masu daɗi. An kawata shugaban da bakin mask wanda ke ba wa jinsin bayyanar da hankali, girman kai da karimci.
Kasancewa mai gaskiya ga tushen sa (aiki da nema da kuma ceto), Leonberger ya haɗu da ƙarfi da ladabi. A cikin karnuka, ana bayyana dimorphism na jima'i kuma yana da sauƙin rarrabe tsakanin namiji da mace.
Maza a bushe sun kai 71-80 cm, a kan matsakaita 75 cm kuma suna da nauyin kilogiram 54-77. Bitches 65-75 cm, a kan matsakaita 70 cm kuma suna da nauyin kilogiram 45-61. Mai iya aiki tuƙuru, an gina su da kyau, da murza jiki, kuma suna da nauyi a ƙashi. Yatsar bakin yana da fadi da zurfi.
Kai daidai gwargwado ne ga jiki, tsawon bakin fuska da kokon kai kusan iri ɗaya ne. Idanun ba zurfafan-kafa bane, masu matsakaiciyar girma, masu tsayi, launuka masu duhu.
Kunnuwa na nama ne, na matsakaiciyar girma, suna zubewa. Ciwan Scissor tare da cizon mai ƙarfi, haƙori kusa.
Leonberger yana da taguwa biyu, mai hana ruwa, mai tsayi sosai kuma mai matse jiki. Ya fi gajarta a fuska da ƙafa.
Riga ta waje mai dogon gashi, mai santsi, amma an ba da izinin ƙarami kaɗan. Coarƙashin tufafi mai laushi ne, mai yawa. Mazan da suka manyanta na jima'i suna da madaidaiciyar ma'ana, kuma an kawata jela da gashi mai kauri.
Launi mai launi ya bambanta kuma ya haɗa da duk haɗin zakin rawaya, tan, yashi da kuma ɓarna. Karamin tabo fari a kirji karbabbe ne.
Hali
Halin wannan nau'in na ban mamaki ya haɗu da abota, yarda da kai, son sani da wasa. Na karshen ya dogara da shekaru da yanayin yanayin karen, amma, yawancin Leonberger suna da wasa koda kuwa sun tsufa kuma suna rayuwa kamar likean kwikwiyo.
A cikin jama'a, karnukan kirki ne masu nutsuwa waɗanda ke gaishe baƙi, ba sa jin tsoron taron, suna nutsuwa yayin da mai su ke magana ko sayayya. Musamman ma suna da taushi da yara, suna ɗaukar Leonberger a matsayin nau'in da ya dace da dangi da ɗa.
Bugu da ƙari, ana samun wannan halayen a cikin duk karnuka, ba tare da la'akari da jinsi ko yanayin mutum ba. Tsanani ko tsoratarwa babban laifi ne kuma ba halayyar jinsin ba ce.
Tare da wasu karnukan, suna nuna nutsuwa, amma da karfin gwiwa, kamar yadda ya dace da ƙaton gwarzo. Bayan haɗuwa, ƙila ba su da damuwa ko son rai a gare su, amma bai kamata su zama masu zafin rai ba. Rikici na iya faruwa tsakanin maza biyu, amma duk ya dogara da zamantakewar jama'a da horar da kare.
A cikin kamfanoni kamar masu ba da agaji, galibi zaku iya samun karnukan wannan nau'in. Suna cikin aikin warkewa, suna kawo ta'aziyya, farin ciki da kwanciyar hankali ga ɗaruruwan marasa lafiya a duniya. A matsayinsu na masu sa ido, suna ɗaukar aikinsu da mahimmanci kuma suna yin haushi idan ya cancanta.
Yawanci suna kwance a cikin mahimman wurare masu mahimmanci tare da kallon duk yankin. Tunaninsu zai basu damar kimanta halin da ake ciki kuma ba suyi amfani da karfi ba dole ba, amma idan akwai haɗari suna aikata azama da ƙarfin zuciya.
Duk da cewa Leonberger yana da kyakkyawar ɗabi'a, kamar yadda lamarin yake tare da sauran manyan dabbobi, bai kamata ku dogara da shi shi kaɗai ba. Zamantakewa da wuri da kulawa suna da mahimmanci. An kwikwiyo suna da hali na ƙauna, galibi suna maraba da baƙi a cikin gida kamar su ƙaunatattu ne.
A lokaci guda, a hankali suna girma cikin jiki da hankali, kuma cikakken balaga ya kai shekaru biyu! Horarwa a wannan lokacin yana ba ku damar haɓaka mai hankali, mai sarrafawa, mai nutsuwa.
Mai horarwa mai kyau zai ba kare damar fahimtar matsayinsa a duniya, yadda za a magance matsalolin da suka taso da yadda ake nuna hali a cikin iyali.
Kulawa
Dangane da kulawa, suna buƙatar kulawa da lokaci. A matsayinka na doka, yawunsu ba ya gudana, amma wani lokacin yana iya gudana bayan shan ruwa ko yayin damuwa. Suna kuma fantsama ruwa.
Gashi na Leonberger ya bushe a hankali, kuma bayan yawo a cikin yanayi mai danshi, manya-manyan, rubabbun yatsun kafa sun kasance a ƙasa.
A lokacin shekara, sutturar tasu ta zube daidai, tare da wadatattun zubi biyu a lokacin bazara da kaka. A dabi'ance, kare mai dogon gashi mai kauri yana bukatar kulawa fiye da mai laushi. Duk Leonbergers suna da gashi mai hana ruwa wanda yake kiyaye su daga yanayin.
Idan kanaso tayi kyau sosai, kana bukatar goga kullum. Wannan zai rage yawan zubar gashi. Wanke babban kare yana bukatar haƙuri mai yawa, ruwa, shamfu da tawul.
Amma irin ba ya bukatar ado. Goga, yankan abu da kuma dan gutsurewa a kan faya-fayen kafa, kyan yanayi ne wanda ake ganin ya dace.
Lafiya
Manyan, da lafiya irin. Dysplasia na haɗin gwiwa, masifar duk wani babban nau'in karnuka, ba a bayyana shi sosai a cikin Leonberger. Gabaɗaya godiya ga ƙoƙarin masu kiwo waɗanda ke killace karnukansu kuma suna hana masu kera matsaloli masu yuwuwa.
Karatu kan rayuwar karnukan Leonberger a Amurka da Burtaniya sun kai shekaru 7, wanda kusan shekaru 4 ke kasa da sauran nau'o'in zuriya, amma wanda yake na manya-manyan karnuka. Kashi 20% na karnuka ne suka rayu tsawon shekaru 10 ko fiye. Babban cikinsu ya mutu yana da shekara 13.
Wasu cututtukan daji suna cikin manyan cututtukan da ke shafar nau'in. Kari akan haka, dukkanin manyan dabbobin suna da saurin haduwa, kuma Leonberger tare da kirjinsa mai zurfin ya fi haka.
Ya kamata a ciyar da su da ƙananan abinci maimakon lokaci ɗaya. Dangane da kididdiga, mafi yawan sanadin mutuwa sune cutar daji (45%), cututtukan zuciya (11%), wasu (8%), shekaru (12%).
