Masoyan kifin akwatin kifaye sun saba da yawancin nau'insu, amma ba duka ba. Amma duk masanan ruwa suna sane da ƙaramin ɓawon burodi da ke zuwa dabbobin gidansu don abinci - gammarus.
Bayyanar Gammarus
Iyalan gammarids suna cikin jinsin manyan halittu. Gammarus na mallakar amphipods ne kuma yana da nau'ikan sama da 200. Sunan da aka fi sani da amphipods a cikin mutane shi ne mormysh, kuma ya haɗa fiye da nau'ikan 4500.
Waɗannan ƙananan ƙananan halittu ne, masu tsayin kusan cm 1. Jikinsu ya lanƙwasa cikin baka, wanda aka killace shi da murfin ɗanɗano, wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwa 14. Launin gammarus ya dogara da abincin da yake ci.
Kungiyoyin crustaceans da ke ciyar da tsire-tsire masu launin kore ne, akwai masu launin ruwan kasa da rawaya, nau'ikan nau'ikan halittu da ke rayuwa a Tafkin Baikal, kuma jinsunan teku masu zurfin ruwa galibi ba su da launi. Akwai gabobin gani - idanun hade biyu, da gabobin tabawa - eriya biyu a kai. Pairaya daga cikin raɗaɗin an shirya gaba da tsayi, na biyu ya waiwaya.
Gammarus yana da kafa biyu, kuma kowane nau'i yana da aikinsa. Legsafafun kafaɗɗu suna da gill waɗanda ake amfani da su don numfashi. Ana kiyaye su ta faranti na sirara amma masu ɗorewa. Gabobin da kansu suna aiki koyaushe don samar da kwararar ruwan sha da iskar oxygen. Har ila yau, a kan biyun gaba-gaba akwai fika, waɗanda ake buƙata don kama ganima kuma a lokacin haihuwa suna taimakawa wajen riƙe mace sosai.
Ana amfani da kafafuwa kafa uku a ciki don yin iyo kuma ana ba su bristles. Na ukun da suka gabata na baya ne kuma suna da sifa mai kama da ganye, su da wutsiyar crustaceans suna kangewa kuma suna yin gaba sosai.
An kuma rufe su da bristles. Tare da wadannan kayan aikin, Gammarus ya kafa alkiblar kansa. Jikin mata kuma an sanye shi da ɗaki na musamman, wanda ke kan kirji.
Gammarus mazaunin
Mazaunin Gammarus yana da fadi sosai - yana zaune a mafi yawan Yankin Arewa, ya kuma hada da China, Japan, da tsibirai da yawa. A kan yankin ƙasarmu, ana samun nau'ikan nau'ikan iri iri a Tafkin Baikal. Ana samun nau'uka daban-daban kusan a duk duniya.
Gammarus na zaune a cikin ruwa mai kyau, amma nau'ikan da yawa suna rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai ƙyalli. Koguna, tabkuna, tafkuna sun dace da su. Zaɓi maɓuɓɓugan ruwa masu tsabta, ta gaban gammarus a cikin ruwa, zaku iya tantance ƙimar oxygen a cikin tafkin.
Yana son lokacin sanyi, amma zai iya rayuwa a yanayin zafi har zuwa + 25 C⁰. A lokacin zafi, galibi ana samun sa a ƙasa, ƙarƙashin duwatsu masu sanyi, tsakanin algae, itacen busasshe, inda ƙarancin haske yake. Ya fi son yin iyo a cikin yankin bakin teku, a cikin ruwa mara zurfi, ya fi son yankuna masu inuwa.
A lokacin hunturu, yakan tashi daga ƙasa ya manne kan kankara, wannan na faruwa ne saboda amphipod bashi da isashshen iskar oxygen a ƙasan. Don ciyarwa, ya nitse zuwa ƙasan kuma yana cikin sammai.
Gammarus salon rayuwa
Gammarus yana aiki sosai, koyaushe yana motsi. Ana nufin ƙafafun hawa don yin iyo, amma kuma ana haɗa ƙafafun tafiya. A cikin ruwa mara zurfin ruwa, kusa da gabar teku, masu ɓawon burodi suna iyo a gefensu, amma a cikin zurfin suna matakin ƙasa kuma suna iyo tare da bayansu. Yunkurin suna da kaifi, jiki yana ci gaba da lankwasawa da rashin juyawa. Idan akwai cikakken tallafi a ƙasan ƙafafunku, to Gammarus na iya tsalle daga cikin ruwa.
Bukatar yau da kullun na sabon oxygen yana tilasta Gammarus ya hanzarta motsa ƙafafunsa na gaba don ƙirƙirar kwararar ruwa zuwa rafin. A cikin mata, a lokacin gland na larvae, ta wannan hanyar an kuma kama kama, wanda yake a cikin ɗakin.
Duk rayuwata crustacean gammarus yayi girma, yana canza ɓawon ɓawon burodi wanda ya zama ƙarami don sabo. A lokacin hunturu, narkakkar ruwa tana faruwa sau 1.5-2 a wata, kuma a lokacin bazara, sau daya a sati.
Mata bayan narkakken kwalliya na bakwai sun sayi faranti a kan kirji, wanda ya zama ɗakin tsakar gida. Wannan ɗakin yana da fasalin jirgin ruwa, yana haɗuwa da ciki tare da shimfiɗar fili, kuma a waje ratar da ke tsakanin faranti an rufe ta da bakin ciki. Don haka, akwai ramuka da yawa a cikin ɗakin, saboda abin da ruwa mai ɗanɗano ke gudana har zuwa ƙwai.
Gammarus abinci mai gina jiki
Gammarus abinci shine tsire-tsire da abincin dabbobi. Waɗannan galibi sune sassan shuke-shuke masu laushi, galibi galibi suna lalacewa ganyayyun ganye, ciyawa. Hakanan ya shafi abincin dabbobi - ya fi son matattu.
Wannan yana kawo wasu fa'idodi ga madatsar ruwa - gammarus yana tsarkake shi daga ragowar abubuwa masu guba masu cutarwa. Suna kuma ciyarwa akan plankton. Zasu iya cin kananan tsutsotsi, amma a lokaci guda suna afka musu cikin garken.
Suna taruwa don ciyarwa idan suka sami babban abu wanda zasu ci abincin rana da shi. Idan ɓawon burodi ya sami mataccen kifi a cikin ragar kamun kifi, a sauƙaƙe za su cinye ta cikin abin, tare da abincin.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na gammarus
Samun aiki na Gammarus yana faruwa a lokacin bazara da kaka. A kudanci, crustaceans suna sarrafa girma da yawa, a arewa, ɗaya ne kawai a tsakiyar lokacin rani. A wannan lokacin, namijin ya sami mace, ya manne a bayanta kuma ya taimaki zaɓaɓɓen ya rabu da tsohuwar "tufafi".
Da zaran mace ta zubar, namiji yana fitar da maniyyi, wanda yake shafawa tare da dan yatsansa a dakin. Bayan haka, ya cika ayyukan uba kuma ya bar uwa mai zuwa. Mace na yin ƙwai a ɗakinta. Suna da girma ƙwarai da duhu.
Lambar ta kai guda 30. Idan ruwan yayi dumi, to kwan ya dauki makonni 2-3 kafin ya kyankyashe. Idan tafki yayi sanyi, to '' daukar ciki '' yakai wata 1.5. Larananan larvae ɗin da aka kyankyashe ba sa gaggauta fita, suna zaune a cikin gidan tsafin har sai zafin farko, sannan kawai sai su tafi.
Tare da kowane molt na gaba, an tsawan eriya ta soya. Gammarus da aka kyankyashe a lokacin bazara suna iya mallakar zuriyarsu ta kaka. Kuma masu ɓawon burodi suna rayuwa kusan shekara guda.
Farashin gammarus azaman abinci
Mafi sau da yawa crustacean gammarus amfani da tsananin don kifin akwatin kifaye. Haka aka ciyar gammarus da kunkuru, katantanwa... Abinci ne mai gina jiki wanda yake da rabin furotin. Ya ƙunshi mai yawa carotene, wanda ke ba da launuka masu haske ga kifin akwatin kifaye.
Tabbas, zaka iya siyan shi a kowane shagon dabbobi, farashin gammarus karɓa kuma ya dogara da masana'anta tsananin da kuma girma. Don haka jaka na gram 15 kowannensu yakai kimanin 25 rubles, kuma lokacin siya busassun gammarus da nauyi, zaka iya samun farashin da 400 rubles a kowace kilogram.
Kama gammarus ba shi da wahala, don haka idan yankinku yana da tafkunan da suka dace, kuna iya samar da dabbobin gidan kifin da abinci da kanku. Ya isa a sanya tarin ciyawa ko busasshiyar ciyawa a ƙasan tafkin, kuma bayan hoursan awanni ka fita da zobo wanda ya makale a wurin, wanda yake shirin cin abincin rana.
Hakanan zaka iya gina raga akan doguwar sanda, kuma kasamo su daga ƙasan damuwar algae, daga wanne sai kawai ka zaɓi ɓawon burodi. Kuna iya adana abin da aka kama a cikin ruwan da aka kama shi, za ku iya kunsa shi a cikin rigar mai danshi kuma sanya shi a wuri mai sanyi Amma idan akwai yawan mormysh kuma kifin bashi da lokacin cin sa, to yafi kyau bushe shi ko daskare gammarus don amfanin gaba.
