Hovawart tsohuwar karniyar Bajamushe ce ta kare. An fassara sunan nau'in daga tsohuwar Jamusanci a matsayin mai kula da kotu kuma yana nuna halayenta daidai.
Tarihin irin
Ambaton farko game da irin ya samo asali ne tun a 1210, lokacin da ƙauyukan Slavic suka kewaye ƙauyen Jamus na Ordensritterburg. Akin ya faɗi, an kashe mazaunanta da takobi, gami da ubangiji.
Thean ubangiji ne kaɗai, wanda aka kawo maƙarƙashiyar da ke kusa da shi ta hanyar kare mai rauni. Bayan haka, wannan yaron zai zama sanannen ɗan tarihi a tarihin dokokin Jamus - Eike von Repgau. Zai ƙirƙiri Sachsenspiegel (wanda aka buga 1274), tsohuwar doka a cikin Jamusawa.
Wannan lambar kuma za ta ambaci Hovawarts, don kisan kai ko sata da suke fuskantar hukunci mai tsanani. Ya kasance a cikin 1274 cewa farkon ambaton nau'in ya samo asali, amma sun kasance tun kafin shi.
A cikin 1473, an ambaci nau'in a cikin littafin "Biyar Breeds na Biyar" a matsayin kyakkyawan mataimaki wajen yaƙi da ɓarayi da masu aikata laifi. Wannan yana nufin cewa an riga an ƙirƙira shi a wancan lokacin azaman keɓaɓɓen jinsi, wanda baƙon lamari ne ga Turai na da.
Tare da ƙarshen Zamanin Zamani, shahararrun nau'in ya fara raguwa. Musamman lokacin da Jamus ta haɗu kuma ƙasar ta tsunduma cikin juyin juya halin fasaha.
Sabbin jinsin suna shiga filin wasa, misali, Makiyayin Jamusanci. Tana maye gurbin Hovawarts a cikin sabis kuma a karni na ashirin kusan sun ɓace.
A cikin 1915, ƙungiyar masu goyon baya sun haɗu da ƙarfi don adanawa da dawo da nau'in. Wannan rukunin yana karkashin jagorancin masanin kimiyyar dabbobi da masanin Kurt Koenig.
Yana tattara karnuka daga gonaki a yankin Black Forest. Ya ƙetare mafi kyawun su tare da Kuvasz, Newfoundland, Leonberger, Karen Dutsen Bernese.
A cikin 1922 an yi rijistar gidan kare na farko, a cikin shekarar 1937 Kungiyar Kula da Karon Jamusawa ta amince da irin. Amma kusan komai ya ɓace tare da ɓarkewar Yaƙin Duniya na II. Yawancin karnukan sun mutu, bayan yakin 'yan kadan ne suka rage.
Sai kawai a cikin 1947, masu sha'awar suka sake ƙirƙirar kulob - Rassezuchtverein für Hovawart-Hunde Coburg, wanda har yanzu yana nan. Sun sake dawo da jinsin kuma a shekarar 1964 an amince dashi a matsayin ɗayan ɗayan bakwai masu aiki a Jamus, kuma tsawon lokaci yana samun karɓuwa a wasu ƙasashe.
Bayani
Hovawart yayi kama da zinare a cikin gini da girma. Kan yana da girma, tare da fadi, zagaye goshi. Mulos daidai yake da kwanyar, an bayyana ma'anar tasha a sarari. Hanci baki ne tare da hancin da aka bunkasa.
Ciwan Scissor. Idanun launin ruwan kasa ne masu duhu ko haske mai haske, oval a cikin sifa. Kunnuwa masu kusurwa uku ne, an ware su waje daya.
Riga doguwa ce, mai kauri, ta yi kaɗan. Kullun da ke karkashin karami ne; a kan kirji, ciki, baya na kafafu da jela, gashin ya dan fi tsayi. Gashi mai launi - fawn, baki da tan da baki.
An bayyana dimorphism na jima'i da kyau. Maza sun kai 63-70 cm a busassun, mata 58-65. Maza suna da nauyin kilogiram 30-40, mata 25-35 kilogiram.
Hali
Akwai manyan bambance-bambance a cikin yanayin karnukan layuka daban-daban. Wasu sun fi yawa yankuna, wasu kuma suna da zafin rai ga irin nasu, wasu kuma da sananniyar ƙimar farauta.
Dalilin wannan bayanin shine a taƙaita halayen halayen, amma kowane kare daban yake!
Ma'aikatan da ke da alhakin ba da shawarar wannan nau'in don masu farawa. Wannan ya faru ne saboda tsananin halayensu, dabi'un kariya da kuma hankali.
Mallakar Hovawart na nufin ɗaukar nauyi, saka lokaci, kuɗi da ƙoƙari wajen haɓaka da kula da kare ka. Koyaya, ga waɗanda suke shirye don wannan, zata kasance cikakkiyar abokiyar zama.
Kwarewa na iya zama iyakancewa a nan. Waɗannan manya ne, masu hankali, karnuka masu taurin kai da kuma mai mallaki ƙwarewa na iya tsammanin matsaloli da yawa. Hovawart masu shayarwa suna ba da shawarar kawai samun ɗan ƙwarewa tare da sauran nau'o'in.
Haka kuma, wadannan karnukan suna da aiki sosai kuma zasu iya kaiwa santimita 70 a bushewar.Bugu da kari, yayin da suke motsawa, hakan zai fi sanya nutsuwa da farin ciki.
Yana da kyau sosai a ajiye su a cikin gida mai faɗi mai faɗi, ko kuma yin dogon lokaci. Gidan, har ma da faɗi, ba shi da isasshen kwanciyar hankali don kulawar su.
Lokacin horo, tuna cewa ƙarfafawa mai kyau kawai ke aiki tare dasu. Suna son mutane, amma basa yi masu biyayya, suna buƙatar ƙarin kwarin gwiwa.
Suna iya yanke shawarar kansu kuma suyi tunanin kansu. Gwajinsu na kariya baya bukatar horo, na asali ne. Kuma sauƙin kare ba shi da iko idan horo ya dogara da horo ne kawai.
Hovawarts yayi fice a ayyukan ceto da tsaro. Manyan karnuka da aka tsara don tsare dukiya. Su masu aminci ne, masu tausayi, masu hankali da taurin kai. Suna buƙatar aiki don kada su gaji kuma kada su ba da kuzarinsu zuwa tashoshi masu halakarwa.
Waɗannan su ne karnuka na ƙuruciya, ppan kwikwiyo suna buƙatar zuwa shekaru biyu don ƙarshe su haɓaka cikin tunani da ilimin lissafi.
Game da yara, suna da hankali da ƙauna, amma suna buƙatar zaman jama'a. Koyaya, bai kamata yara su kasance marasa kulawa ba. Childrenananan yara da puan kwikwiyo suna bincika duniyar ne kawai kuma suna iya cutar da juna ta hanyar sakaci.
Karnuka da kansu suna da girma, suna iya saukar da yaro da sauƙi, kuma babu abin da za a ce game da sarrafa kare. Kullum ka sa ido a kan ɗanka, koda kuwa kare ya so shi!
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, Hovawarts masu kariya ne da masu tsaro. Koyaya, azancinsu baya aiki daga ta'adi, amma daga kariya. Zai fi kyau a sarrafa shi tun yana ƙuruciya tare da kula da zamantakewar ɗan kwikwiyo.
Wannan yana nufin - dole ne kare ya fahimci yadda ake aiki a kowane yanayi. Ba tare da kwarewa ba, kare na iya yanke shawararsa kuma ba za ku so shi ba. Horarwa na taimaka wa kare bisa dogaro da ilhami (galibi ba shi da mahimmanci a cikin rayuwar zamani), amma bisa gogewa.
Kulawa
Wannan nau'in ne wanda yake da sauƙin kulawa duk da matsakaiciyar rigar sa. Kare mai aiki, ba ta taɓa buƙatar waje ba.
Gashi yana da matsakaiciyar tsayi kuma yakamata a goge shi sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a mako.Tun da yake ba a iya bayyana ma'anar rigar a ciki ba, gyaran fuska yana da sauƙi.
Hovawarts suna zubar da jini sosai kuma yayin lokacin zubar, yakamata a tsefe ulu kowace rana.
Lafiya
Kyakkyawan nau'in kiwon lafiya, matsakaicin tsaran rayuwa shine shekaru 10-14. Ba ta da cututtukan cututtukan cikin gida, kuma yawan karnukan da ke fama da cutar dysplasia bai wuce 5% ba.
Amma ga irin wannan babban kare - adadi mai ƙarancin adadi. Misali, wanda aka ce mai dawo da zinare yana da kashi 20.5%, a cewar Asusun Orthopedic na Dabbobi.
