Bera mai kyan gani (Tremarctos ornatus) ko "Andean" ya zama gama gari a Arewacin Andes a Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia da Chile. Wannan nau'in beyar ne kawai da ake samu a Kudancin Amurka. Bear mai haske shine dangin mafi kusancin beyar mai gajeriyar fuska wanda ya rayu a tsakiyar Lal Pleistocene.
Bayanin bear na Andean
Waɗannan ƙananan beyar ne daga dangin Ursidae. Maza sun fi mata girma fiye da 33%, suna da tsayi mita 1.5 kuma nauyinsu ya kai kilogiram 154. Mata ba safai suke ɗaukar nauyin kilogiram 82 ba.
An sanyawa bears masu haske saboda manyan fararen da'ira ko zagaye na farin fur a kusa da idanuwa, yana basu su bayyanar "kallo". Gashin jikin shaggy yana da baƙar fata tare da shuɗi, wani lokacin alamar jan a kan murfin da kirjin na sama. Saboda yanayin dumi wanda beyar ke rayuwa a ciki kuma saboda ba sa bacci, sai gashi ya zama sirara. Duk sauran nau'ikan beyar suna da nau'i biyu na haƙarƙari 14, yayin da bea mai ban sha'awa yana da 13.
Dabbobi suna da dogaye, masu lanƙwashe, kaifi masu kaifi da suke amfani da su don hawan dutse, haƙa wuraren tururuwa da tuddai masu tsayi. Legsafafun gaba sun fi na baya baya, wanda ya sauƙaƙe hawa bishiyoyi. Bears tana da ƙarfi da muƙamuƙi masu faɗi, ƙyalle masu laushi waɗanda suke amfani da ita don tauna ciyayi masu tauri kamar bawon itace.
A ina kyan gani Bears ke rayuwa?
Suna zaune a wurare masu zafi da kuma ciyawar tsaunuka masu tsayi, suna rayuwa a cikin gandun daji masu dausayi wadanda suka mamaye gangaren tsaunukan Andean. Bears suna da yawa a gabashin gabashin Andes, inda suke da rauni ƙwarai da mulkin mallaka. Bears na gangarowa daga tsaunuka don neman abinci a hamadar bakin teku da tuddai.
Abin da beean bears ke ci
Su ne masu komai. Suna tattara 'ya'yan itace cikakke,' ya'yan itace, cacti da zuma a cikin dazuzzuka. A lokacin lokacin da fruitsa fruitsan itacen marmari ba su samu, suna cin bamboo, masara, da epiphytes, tsire-tsire masu girma akan bromeliads. Lokaci zuwa lokaci suna kara abincin su da kwari, beraye da tsuntsaye, amma wannan kusan kashi 7% kenan na abincin su.
Rayuwa mai kyau
Dabbobi ba dare ba rana kuma suna aiki da hantsi. Da rana, suna fakewa a cikin kogwanni, a ƙarƙashin tushen bishiya ko a jikin bishiyoyi. Halittu ne na arboreal waɗanda ke ɓatar da lokaci mai yawa don neman abinci a cikin bishiyoyi. Rayuwarsu ta ta'allaka ne ga ikonsu na hawa dutsen dajin Andes mafi girma.
A kan bishiyoyi, bears suna gina dandamali na ciyarwa daga rassan rassan kuma tare da taimakonsu suna samun abinci.
Bears mai ban sha'awa ba dabbobin yanki ba ne, amma ba sa rayuwa cikin ƙungiyoyi don guje wa gasar cin abinci. Idan sun haɗu da wani beyar ko ɗan adam, suna mai da hankali sosai amma idan suna jin barazanar ko kuma idan yaran suna cikin haɗari.
Dabbobin da ba a yi aure ba ana ganin su nau'i-nau'i ne kawai yayin lokacin saduwa. Bears yakan yi shiru. Sai kawai lokacin da suka haɗu da dangi sai su ba da murya.
Yadda suke hayayyafa da tsawon lokacin da suke rayuwa
Bears masu zafi na Tropical duk shekara ne, amma galibi daga Afrilu zuwa Yuni. Sun balaga kuma suna haifar da ɗiya tsakanin shekaru 4 zuwa 7.
Mace takan haifi 'ya'ya 1-2 a kowace shekara 2-3. Ciki yana dauke da watanni 6 zuwa 7. Ma'aurata suna kasancewa tare har tsawon makonni bayan yin jima'i. Mace na shirin ɗaukar ciki, ta tabbatar cewa haihuwar ta faru kusan kwanaki 90 kafin lokacin ganyayyaki lokacin da kayan abinci suka isa. Idan babu wadataccen abinci, amfanonin suna shiga jikin uwar, kuma ba za ta haihu ba a wannan shekarar.
Mace tana gina kogo kafin ta haihu. Kubiyoni suna da nauyin gram 300-500 a lokacin haihuwa kuma basu da taimako, idanunsu a rufe a lokacin watan farko na rayuwarsu. Yaran suna zaune tare da mahaifiyarsu tsawon shekara 2, suna hawa a bayanta, kafin manyan maza da ke neman saduwa da mace su kore su.
Beran da aka haska yana da tsawon shekaru 25 a cikin yanayi da kuma shekaru 35 a cikin bauta.
