Sigogin ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye suna da mahimmin matsayi. Kamar yadda zaku iya tsammani, kowane mai akwatin kifaye zaiyi ƙoƙari don ƙirƙirar daɗin rayuwa da ƙoshin kifi. Wannan zai yiwu ne kawai idan pH na ruwa ya dace da ainihin buƙatun mazaunan jikin ruwan.
Menene pH?
Kafin ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau don kifi, kuna buƙatar fahimtar menene ph. Wannan rukunin yana ba ku damar auna aikin abubuwan ions hydrogen a cikin kowane abu, kuma an bayyana acidity da yawa.
Kalmar ta bayyana a Turai, a Denmark, a farkon karni na 20. Manufar ta fara yaduwa sosai saboda mai ilimin kimiya dan kasar Denmark Soren Petr Lauritz Sorensen, duk da cewa magabata sun yi kokarin duba batun da ake ciki daga mahangar daidai. Alamar pH ana amfani da ita sosai don sauƙi da saukakawa, tunda yana da rabo na nau'in ions iri biyu: H + - OH-. Ana yin awo koyaushe akan sikelin maki 14.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ruwan zai sami aikin alkaline idan mai nuna alama ya fi 7. A wannan halin, aikin acid yana samar da mai nuna alama ƙasa da 7. A lokaci guda, ana ba da izinin ruwa mai tsaka-tsaki a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da daidaiton daidai na H + da OH-. Idan anyi alama a matsayin tsaka tsaki, adadi zai zama 7.
Duk wani sinadarin da za'a narkar dashi cikin ruwa yana canza daidaito tsakanin H + da OH- ions. Acid na iya canzawa ko ƙasa:
- acid yana haifar da karuwa a cikin ions hydrogen;
- alkali yana haifar da raguwa a cikin ƙwayoyin ion hydroxide.
A sakamakon haka, pH yana ba ka damar ƙayyade abin da digirin acidity na ruwa zai iya zama. Tun daga farko, an yarda da wannan sifa a matsayin ɗayan mafiya mahimmanci, tunda tana tabbatar da kasancewar ko rashin daidaituwar ma'aunin acid da ƙwarewar yanayin aikin kemikal da nazarin halittu. A kowane yanayi, pH yana tantance lafiyar mutane, don haka ba abin mamaki bane cewa kifi, mazaunan akwatinan ruwa, suma sun dogara da wannan yanayin.
Ruwa mai taushi da tauri
Masana kimiyya sun lura cewa ruwa na iya zama mai taushi ko wuya. Menene bambanci?
Ruwa mai laushi
Pananan pH bai wuce shida da rabi ba. A wannan yanayin, ruwan na iya zama mai laushi, amma ya zama mai haɗari.
A mafi yawan lokuta, ions na waɗannan ƙarfe masu zuwa suna shiga cikin abun da ke ciki:
- manganese;
- jagoranci;
- tagulla;
- tutiya.
Wadannan ion yawanci suna kutsawa daga bututun mai mai inganci, wanda ke nuna hatsarinsu.
Waterarancin pH ruwa yana da haɗari. Bayyananniyar bayyanar abubuwan da ba ta dace ba ana ɗaukarsu:
- kasancewar karafa daban-daban masu guba;
- lalacewar wuri ga tsarin ƙarfe;
- kasancewar wani ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, yana ba ka damar zato game da inuwar mai tsami mai guba;
- dyeing lilin;
- bayyanar launin shuɗi-shuɗi mai shuɗi a kwatami da lambatu.
Ba abin mamaki ba, ruwa mai laushi ya zama mai haɗari ga mazaunan kowane akwatin kifaye. Don haɓaka mai nuna alama, yawanci ana amfani da tokar soda sinadarai, tunda yana ba ku damar ƙara haɓakar sodium a cikin mafi kankanin lokaci.
Ruwa mai kauri
A wannan yanayin, pH ya fi takwas da rabi. Duk da rashin haɗari, matsaloli masu kyau suna tashi. Menene duk game da su?
- bayyanar da wani laushi mara dadi a farfajiya;
- sikeli;
- matsaloli a cikin aikin kayan lantarki;
- alkaline, dandanon ɗaci na ruwa.
Kamar yadda zaku iya tsammani, yawan ruwan da ke cikin akwatin kifaye ya zama ƙasa da maki takwas da rabi. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine taushi da ruwa tare da tilasta mai nuna alama.
Tabbatar da shawarar pH
Duk mai mallakar akwatin kifaye yakamata ya san yadda zai tantance ainihin pH. A zamanin yau, ana samar da hanyoyi masu tasiri daban-daban don wannan, saboda haka aikin har yanzu yana yiwuwa don aiwatar da shi.
Gwajin gwaji
Waɗannan tsaran gwajin sune ƙananan litmus takarda waɗanda ke amsawa ta canza launi zuwa canje-canje na pH daban-daban. Ana siyar da tsaran a shagunan dabbobi saboda ana amfani dasu sau da yawa don akwatin kifaye. Zuwa yau, an tabbatar da cewa asid na acid ko alkaline na iya haifar da mutuwar kifi da yawa. An ɗauka cewa haɗuwa da ruwa na iya haifar da canji ga aikin launi na ratsi, kuma kuskuren zai zama kaɗan. Domin gano ainihin adadi, yakamata kayi amfani da umarni na musamman waɗanda suka cika akwatin da guntun takarda.
Rottinger
Wani zaɓi mai ban sha'awa shine Rottinger litmus takarda. Wannan kamfanin litmus wani kamfani ne na kasar Jamus ya samar dashi, kuma da farko yana bada mafi karancin kuskure. Kunshin ya ƙunshi mai nuna alama zuwa layi 14. Akwatin yana ƙunshe da tube 80 waɗanda za a iya amfani da su na dogon lokaci. Tsaran Rottinger suna ba ka damar auna fitilar ruwa cikin nasara. Kudin samarwa bai wuce 250 - 350 rubles ba.
PH mita
Ana iya auna acid na ruwa tare da mita pH. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a ɗauki mililita 20-30 na ruwa a cikin ƙaramin filastik ko gilashin gilashi, bayan haka ya kamata a auna ma'auni. Ya kamata a goge firikwensin sarrafawa da ruwa mai narkewa sannan a tsoma shi cikin maganin da ake so. Girman kayan aiki nan da nan zai ƙayyade pH na ruwa. Don gano sahihan bayanai masu daidaito, ya zama dole a daidaita kayan aikin akai-akai. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa mita pH yana da tsada, amma amfani da shi yana ba ka damar sauri da sauƙi ƙayyade halayen ruwan da ake so.
Ta yaya zan canza mai nuna alama?
Don haka, kowane mai kifin ya kamata ya san yadda ake saukar ko ƙara ph a cikin akwatin kifaye. A zahiri, babu wani abu mai rikitarwa da aka lura.
Ka'idodin ragewa
A wannan yanayin, babban aikin shine ƙara yawan acidity. Don yin wannan, dole ne ku yi amfani da acid:
- phosphoric;
- sulfuric;
- gishiri.
A wannan yanayin, ya kamata ku yi aiki tare da taka tsantsan, tunda tsananin canji a cikin pH na iya haifar da mutuwar kifi. Don sakamako mai nasara, yakamata ayi amfani da acid dilute kawai.
Hanya mafi aminci ita ce amfani da magunguna na asali:
- jiko ko decoction na peat;
- infusions na alder Cones.
Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine amfani da shirye-shiryen pH- (debe).
A kowane hali, ya zama dole a yi aiki da hankali sosai, tunda rayuwa da lafiyar kifin ya dogara da ita.
Ka'idodin gabatarwa
Sanin yadda ake saukar da ph na ruwa, kuna buƙatar sanin yadda ake ƙara pH. Ana amfani da gishiri tare da aikin alkaline.
Alal misali, soda zai yi aiki. Zaka iya ƙara rabin karamin cokali a lokaci ɗaya ga kowane lita 50 na ruwa. Idan wannan bai isa ba, zaku iya maimaita aikin a cikin awa ɗaya.
Wani zaɓi shine amfani da pH + (ƙari) shiri.
Nuances masu mahimmanci
Tabbatar da acidity muhimmin mataki ne. Koda lokacin da aka ɗauki matakan canza darajar pH, ya zama dole a ci gaba da matuƙar kulawa. Zai zama lafiya don canza ma'aunin bai wuce raka'a 0.2 ba cikin sa'a ɗaya.
Bayan an sami ma'auni mafi kyau duka, ana buƙatar kiyaye ma'aunin ƙirar halitta. A wannan lokacin, babu buƙatar rage ko ƙara mai nuna alama. Idan an lura da karkatar da ba'a so, ya kamata a gudanar da bincike na ma'auni na musamman. Idan zai yiwu a gano cewa mai nuna alama ya canza ta hanyar da ba a so, ya kamata a maye gurbin ruwan da kashi 30% na ƙarar. A wannan yanayin, ruwan ph mai kyau zai canza ne kawai idan aka yi amfani da ruwan famfo, ya zauna na kwana 1 - 2.
Sanin abin da ph yake da fahimtar abin da tasirinsa a kan mazaunan akwatin kifaye na iya kasancewa, yana da kyau auna ma'aunin a kai a kai kuma a gyara shi da wuri-wuri. Phimar ph ɗin da aka ba da shawarar don kifi a cikin akwatin kifaye kusan maki 7 ne, wanda ya dace da aikin tsaka tsaki.
