Bayan na 65 a layi daya. Arctic yana farawa a can. Yana shafar ƙarshen arewacin Eurasia da Amurka, kusa da Pole ta Arewa. Yayinda hunturu na har abada ke mulki a ƙarshen, akwai rani a cikin Arctic. Yana da gajeren lokaci, yana sa ya yiwu kusan nau'in dabbobi 20 su rayu. Don haka, a nan su ne - mazaunan Arctic.
Ciyawar dabbobi
Yin lemo
A waje, da kyar muke rarrabe shi da hamster, shima na bera ne. Dabbar ta kai kimanin gram 80, kuma tsawonta ya kai santimita 15. Gashin Lemming launin ruwan kasa ne. Akwai kananan kabilu da ke canza launin fari lokacin sanyi. A cikin yanayin sanyi, dabbar ta kasance mai aiki.
Lemmings - dabbobin arcticciyar da tsire-tsire, tsaba, gansakuka, 'ya'yan itace. Yawancin galibi "hamsters" suna son haɓakar matasa.
Lissafin lambobin herbivorous kansu abinci ne ga yawancin mazaunan Arctic
Miski sa
Tana zaune galibi a arewacin Greenland da yankin Taimyr Peninsula. Yawan nau'in yana raguwa, sabili da haka, a cikin 1996, an saka bijimin musk a cikin Littafin Ja. Mafi dangin dangin arewa sune tumaki. A waje, shanu na musk sun fi kama da bovids.
Matsakaicin tsayin maskin miski ya kai santimita 140. A tsawon dabbobin Red Book na Arctic isa mita 2.5. Akwai nau'in guda daya a doron kasa. A da akwai biyu, amma daya ya bace.
Wadannan manyan bijimai suna cikin haɗari kuma doka ta kiyaye su
Belyak
Ba daɗewa ba a ware a matsayin jinsin dabam, ba ya zama na kurege gama gari. Zomo na arctic yana da gajerun kunnuwa. Wannan yana rage zafin rana. Jawo, mai laushi mai laushi kuma yana adanawa daga yanayin sanyi. Nauyin jikin kuregen Arctic ya fi na zomo na kowa. A tsayi, mazaunin Arewa ya kai santimita 70.
Kunnawa dabbobin hoto na Arctic yawanci cin sassan itace na shuke-shuke. Wannan shine kayan abincin zomo. Koyaya, abincin da aka fi so shine kodan, berries, ciyawar matasa.
Zaka iya banbance zomo daga Arctic daga zomo na al'ada ta gajerun kunnuwansa.
Reindeer
Ba kamar sauran barewa ba, suna da kofato masu sauyawa. A lokacin bazara, asalinsu yana kama da soso, yana matsewa a ƙasa mai laushi. A lokacin hunturu, an matse ramuka, an bayyana daskararrun gefuna masu kofato. Sun yanke cikin kankara da dusar ƙanƙara, suna kawar da zamiya.
Akwai nau'ikan barewa 45 a doron kasa, kuma na arewa ne kawai ke da tururuwa, walau mace ko namiji. Bugu da ƙari, maza suna zubar da hulunansu a farkon hunturu. Ya zama cewa an yi amfani da mai rarrafe a cikin tsaunin Santa.
A cikin marainiya, maza da mata suna yin tururuwa
Masu fasadi
Arctic fox
In ba haka ba ana kiran pox polar, na dangin canine ne. Na dabbobin gida, yayi kama da kare Spitz. Kamar tetrapods na gida, Foxes na Arctic ana haifuwarsu makaho ne. Idanun sun buɗe cikin kimanin makonni 2.
Dabbobin yankin Arctic iyayen kwarai da abokan zama. Da zaran an tara cikin mata, sai miji ya fara farautarta, yana ciyar da zaɓaɓɓen da zuriya tun kafin haihuwa. Idan aka bar sharar wani ba tare da iyaye ba, karnukan da suka samo thean kwikwiyo sun ɗauki yaran. Sabili da haka, wasu lokuta ana samun yara 40 a ramuka na raƙuman daji. Matsakaicin matsakaicin zuriyar dawakan Arctic shine kwikwiyo 8.
Wolf
An haifi Wolves ba kawai makaho ba amma kuma kurma ne. Bayan 'yan watanni, thean kwikwiyo sun zama masu ƙarfi, masu cin nama. Kerkeci sun cinye wadanda aka kashe da rai. Koyaya, al'amarin bai cika cikin son zuciya ba, kamar yadda yake cikin tsarin haƙori. Wolves ba za su iya kashe ganima da sauri ba.
Masana kimiyya suna mamakin yadda mutum ya horas da kerkeci. Grays na zamani basa ba da kansu ga horo, har ma da girma cikin bauta, ba tare da sanin rayuwar daji ba. Har yanzu, tambayar ba ta amsa ba.
Polar bear
Ita ce mafi girma mai farautar jini a duniya. Tsawon tsayin mita 3, wasu belar belar suna da nauyin tan. Har zuwa mita 4 da kilo 1200, wani katon raƙuman ruwa da aka shimfida. Ya tafi duniyar dabbobi ta Arctic.
Polar Bears na iya ko ba zai iya zama ba. Zaɓuɓɓuka na farko galibi mata masu ciki ke zaɓa. Sauran mutane suna ci gaba da farautar mazaunan ruwa.
Dabbobin teku na Arctic
Alamar hatimi
Akwai nau'ikan 9 a cikin yankunan Rasha, duka - dabbobin arctic da antarctic... Akwai hatimai masu nauyin kilo 40, kuma akwai kimanin tan 2. Ba tare da la'akari da nau'in ba, hatimai suna da rabi. Yana sa ku dumi da kuzari. A cikin ruwa, hatimai, kamar dolphins, suna amfani da echolocation.
A cikin Arctic, dabbobin da ke kashewa da beyar polar suna farautar hatimin hatimi. Suna yawan cin kananan dabbobi. Manyan hatimai sun yi tauri ga masu farauta.
Hatimin ringi
Mafi hatimin Arctic mafi mahimmanci da babban mahimmanci don beyar belar. Idan na ƙarshe sun kasance cikin jerin jinsunan da aka kiyaye, to har yanzu ba a yi barazanar yawan hatimin ba. An kiyasta cewa akwai mutane miliyan 3 a cikin Arctic. Yanayin girma.
Matsakaicin nauyin mai hatimin zoben ya kai kilo 70. Dabbar ta kai santimita 140 a tsayi. Mata sun fi ƙanƙanta kaɗan.
Kurege na teku
Akasin haka, mafi girma daga cikin hatimai. Matsakaicin nauyi kusan rabin sautin ne. Dabbar tana da tsawon santimita 250. A tsari, kurege ya banbanta da sauran hatimin a hannuwansa na gaba kusan a matakin kafada, ya koma gefe.
Mallakar mahaukata masu ƙarfi, kuregen teku bashi da haƙoran ƙarfi. Suna kanana kuma sun gaji da sauri, sun faɗi. Tsoffin hatimai galibi suna da bakuna marasa haƙori. Wannan yana sa wuya a farautar kifi, abincin da mai cin abincin ke ci.
Narwhal
Wani irin kifin dolphin mai kaho maimakon hanci. Da alama haka ne. A zahiri, ƙahonin dogaye ne masu tsayi. Suna madaidaiciya, nuna. A zamanin da, ana wucewa da zafin nama na narwhal kamar ƙahonin unicorns, suna tallafawa tatsuniyoyi game da rayuwarsu.
Farashin hauren narwhal ya yi daidai da na hauren giwayen. A cikin tekun unicorns, tsawon canine zai iya kaiwa mita 3. Ba za ku sami irin waɗannan giwayen a zamaninmu ba.
Walrus
Kasancewa ɗayan manya-manyan finafinai, walruses suna girma ne da ƙuƙuka masu awan mita 1 kawai. Tare da su, dabbar tana manne wa kankara, suna zuwa bakin teku. Sabili da haka, a cikin Latin, sunan jinsin yana kama da "tafiya tare da taimakon hauka."
Waltus suna da mafi girman karatun ilimi a cikin halittu masu rai. Labari ne game da kashin azzakari. Wani mazaunin Arctic "yana alfahari" ilimin karatun centimita 60.
Whale
Ita ce mafi girma ba kawai tsakanin dabbobin zamani ba, har ma waɗanda suka taɓa rayuwa a duniya. Tsawon shuɗin whale ya kai mita 33. A wannan yanayin, nauyin dabbar ya kai tan 150. nan abin da dabbobi ke rayuwa a cikin Arctic... Ba abin mamaki ba ne, Whale su ne abin ƙyamar mutanen arewa. Bayan kashe mutum ɗaya, Abubuwan da suka faru guda ɗaya suna ba da sasantawa tare da abinci tsawon lokacin hunturu.
Masana kimiyya sunyi imanin cewa Whales sun samo asali ne daga artiodactyl dabbobi masu shayarwa. Ba don komai ba ake samun tarkacen ulu a jikin kattai na teku. Kuma kifayen kifi suna ciyar da zuriyarsu da madara saboda dalili.
Tsuntsayen Arctic
Guillemot
Wannan ɗan asalin asalin mazaunan shimfidar ruwan kankara ne. Matsakaiciyar fuka-fuka a cikin girman, tana da nauyi har kilo daya da rabi, a tsayin ta ya kai santimita 40. Fikafikan fikafikan maras ma'ana ne, saboda haka yana da wuya mai laifin ya tashi. Tsuntsu ya fi son sauka daga kan duwatsu, nan da nan iskar iska ta kama shi. Daga farfajiyar, 'yan tawayen suna tashi bayan gudun mita 10.
Guillemot ɗin baƙar fata ne a sama kuma fari a ƙasa. Akwai tsuntsayen da aka cika kudi da sirara. Sun kasu kashi biyu daban-daban. Dukansu suna da feces mai gina jiki. Kifin kifin da kifi suna cin su da daɗi.
Fure teku
Mazauna Arewa suna kiranta da waƙa da wayewar yankin Arctic. Koyaya, a karnin da ya gabata, mazaunan wannan yankin na Arctic, musamman Eskimos, sun cinye bawon teku kuma sun sayarwa Turawan da dabbobin su. Na daya sun dauki kusan $ 200. Duk wannan ya rage yawan ƙananan tsuntsaye masu ruwan hoda. An saka su cikin Littafin Baƙataccen Bayanai a matsayin jinsin da ke cikin haɗari.
Tsawon raƙuman fure bai wuce santimita 35 ba. Bayan dabbar launin toka ne, kuma nono da ciki suna kama da sautin flamingo. Kafafuwan suna ja. Bakin baki baki ne. Kwalliya iri ɗaya ce.
Hadin kai
Yana son tundra mai ban dariya, amma kuma yana faruwa a cikin Arctic. Kamar na kowa, ptarmigan na dangi ne, umarnin kaji. Jinsunan arctic suna da girma. Dabbar ta kai santimita 42 a tsayi.
Legsafafun kafafu masu kauri masu ƙarfi suna taimaka wa dutsen a cikin arewa. Ko yatsun sun rufe. Hancin tsuntsayen ma "ado ne".
Ursalla
Gida a kan duwatsu masu duwatsu kuma launin baƙi ne. Akwai fararen alamu akan fuka-fukan. Sararin tsuntsu mai haske ja. Sautin iri ɗaya don ƙafafun. Tsawo, jigon ya kai santimita 40.
Guillemots a cikin Arctic suna da yawa. Akwai kusan nau'i-nau'i dubu 350. Jama'a na cin abincin kifi. Jinsi a kan duwatsu na bakin teku.
Lyurik
Baƙo ne mai yawa zuwa mazaunan arewacin tsuntsaye. Jinsi a cikin manyan yankuna. Ana iya samun su duka kusa da ruwa kuma a nesa har zuwa kilomita 10.
Lyurik yana da ɗan gajeren baki kuma yana kama da yana sanye da rigar jela. Nonuwan tsuntsu fari ne, kuma a saman komai baƙi ne, kamar ƙasan ciki. Kan shima duhu ne. Girman dandy kanana ne.
Punochka
Na oatmeal ne, dada, ya kai kimanin gram 40. Tsuntsayen masu ƙaura ne, suna dawowa daga ƙasashe masu dumi zuwa Arctic a watan Maris. Maza sun fara zuwa. Suna shirya gidajan gida. Daga nan sai matan su zo, kuma lokacin saduwa ya fara.
Dangane da abinci mai gina jiki, buntings suna da komai. A lokacin rani, tsuntsaye sun fi son abincin dabbobi, suna kama kwari. A cikin kaka, buntings na dusar ƙanƙara ya juya zuwa berries da namomin kaza.
Mujiya na iyakacin duniya
Mafi girma a tsakanin owls. Fukafukan fuka-fukan fuka-fukan su sun kai santimita 160. Kamar dabbobi da yawa, Arctic yana da fari kamar dusar ƙanƙara. Wannan sutura ce. An ƙara shiru na jirgi zuwa rashin ganuwa na waje. Wannan yana taimaka wa mujiya ta kama abin da za ta ci. Yawanci lemmings zama ta. Mujiya tsawon watanni 12, mujiya tana cin beraye sama da dubu ɗaya da rabi.
Don gidajan, mujiya masu dusar ƙanƙara suna zaɓar tuddai, suna ƙoƙarin neman wuri bushe ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba.
Mujiya polar ita ce mafi girma a cikin dangin mujiya
Ya bambanta da nau'ikan 20 na dabbobin tsuntsaye a cikin Arctic, akwai sunaye 90. Don haka yake cewa game da dabbobi a cikin Arctic, ka ba da yawancin lokacinka ga tsuntsaye. Sun fara nazarin su, kamar yankin da kanta, a ƙarni na 4 BC.
Rikodin Pytheas daga Marseilles sun tsira. Ya yi tafiya zuwa Tula. Wannan shi ne sunan ƙasar a cikin Arewa mai Nisa. Tun daga wannan lokacin, gama gari ya waye game da wanzuwar Arctic. Yau jihohi 5 ke nema. Gaskiya ne, kowa yana sha'awar ba yawa a cikin yanayi na musamman kamar yadda yake a cikin shiryayye da mai.
