Jirgin Japan - manzon alloli
A gida Gwanin Japan ana daukar tsuntsu tsattsarka, yana mai da tsarkaka da wutar rai. Mazauna sun yi imani da cikar mafarkai, ceto da warkarwa, idan kun yi dubunnan takardu dubu da hannayenku. Alamar alherin fuka-fukai ta mamaye al'adun Japan da China.
Namiji da mace na katako na Japan
Babban mahimmancin rayuwar ɗan adam: tsawon rai, wadata, farin cikin iyali, suna da alaƙa da hoton abin hawa. Numberananan tsuntsayen da ke cikin yanayi suna haɓaka ƙimar sihirinsu kuma tana ƙarfafa su su kula da kiyaye nau'in.
Bayani da fasalulluran katako na Japan
Gwanin Japan - babban tsuntsu, har zuwa 158 cm tsayi, yana da nauyin nauyin 8-10 kg. Fuka-fukan fikafikan mita 2-2.5 na da ban sha'awa Babban launi na lamin fari ne fari, ya bambanta da danginsa masu fuka-fukai.
Wuyan baki mai launin fari mai launin fari da gashin fuka-fuka a ƙasa yana haifar da kyakkyawar bambanci ga yanayin kamala. Ana yiwa tsuntsayen manya alama a kai tare da jan hular a yankin fata ba tare da fuka-fukai ba. Dogayen siririn kafafu masu launin shuɗi mai duhu. Maza sun fi mata girma kaɗan.
Matasan yara suna da kamannuna daban. Daga haihuwa suna da launi ja, tsofaffin duwatsu sun zama daban daga cakuda farin, launin ruwan kasa, launin toka da launin ruwan kasa. Kan ya rufe gaba daya da fuka-fukai. Girman girma, kwanuka suna "sa tufafi" a cikin manyan tufafinsu.
Tsarin tsuntsaye na asali, wanda ake kira tsuntsayen Manchurian, Jafananci Ussuri cranes, ya shafi yankuna na Gabas ta Tsakiya, Japan, China. Akwai manyan rukuni biyu:
- yawan tsibiri, tare da alamun kwanciyar hankali. Ta zauna a tsibirin Hokkaido, ta gabashin shi, da kuma kudu da tsibirin Kuril. Lokacin sanyi yana da ƙwarewa a wuraren zama;
- yawan jama'ar ƙasar, masu ƙaura. Tsuntsaye suna rayuwa wani sashi a Gabas ta Gabas ta Rasha, kusa da Kogin Amur da raƙuman ruwa, wani ɓangare a China, yankunan kan iyaka da Mongolia. Da farkon lokacin hunturu, kwanya suna motsawa zuwa zurfin Tsibirin Koriya ko kuma zuwa yankunan China masu dumi.
Na dabam, akwai wani wuri na asali na ajiyar ƙasa a cikin ƙasar Sin, inda wakilan yawan jama'a ke zaune. Gabaɗaya, kimanin tsuntsaye dubu biyu aka kiyaye su a kan gaba ɗaya kilomita dubu 84,000.
Dalilan da suka sanya karancin adadi da kuma barazanar bacewar kwanukan Ussuri su ne raguwar filayen da ba a bunkasa ba, gina madatsun ruwa, da fadada aikin noma a sabbin yankuna.
Yaren Jafananci da mazauninsu
Ayyuka sun fi kololuwa yayin yini. Kungiyoyin kwaruruka sun taru don ciyarwa a kwarin kwari tare da wadataccen ciyayi da ƙoshin lafiya. Tsuntsaye suna son dausayi, ciyawar ciyawar ciyawa, tafkuna masu dausayi. Kyakkyawan ra'ayi da tsire-tsire na cikin ruwa sune mahimman yanayi ga mazauninsu. Da dare, tsuntsayen suna barci yayin da suke tsaye cikin ruwa.
Muryoyin cranes sanannen kurlykah ne, da aka watsa ƙasa da tashi. Hatsari kawai ke canza sautin zuwa ihun damuwa. Masana ilmin dabbobi sun san halayyar waƙoƙin ma'aurata, lokacin da tsuntsu ɗaya ya fara waƙar ɗayan kuma ya ci gaba. Sauti a tare an yanke shi kamar dai da umurnin mai gudanarwar. Daidaitawar duo yana maganar cikakken zaɓi na abokin tarayya.
Saurari muryar katakon Japan
Rayuwar tsuntsaye cike take da tsafe tsafe waɗanda suke tare da yanayi daban-daban. Yanayi, jagorar murya, motsi - duk abin da ke bayyana jihar kuma yana ba da gudummawa wajen kafa dangantakar jama'a. Ana kiran wannan halayyar raye-rayen cranes na Japanhada kan mutane masu shekaru daban-daban.
A ƙa'ida, tsuntsu ɗaya ya fara aikin, sannan sauran ya shiga a hankali, har sai garken duka sun shiga aikin gama gari. Abin sha'awa shine, yawancin abubuwa na al'ada da motsi ana aron su daga kwanciya ta mutane cikin raye-rayen jama'a.
Tsalle-tsalle na halaye tare da fuka-fukan shimfidawa, jujjuyawar ƙafafu a cikin iska, bakuna, motsi kamar motsi, jujjuya ciyawa, juya baki yana nuna yanayi da alaƙar mutane: Ma'aurata, iyaye da yara.
A cikin al'adun gargajiya, kullun yana nuna farin ciki, lafiya, da tsawon rai. Idan tsuntsu ya kusanci mutum, hakan na nufin cewa babban sa'a na jiran sa, babban rai mai nutsuwa a bude yake, - in ji shi labari. Gwanin Japan ya zama tambarin masu ra'ayin kiyaye muhalli a Japan.
Don adana tsuntsayen da ba safai ba, ƙwararru suna tsunduma cikin kiwonsu a cikin wuraren nursery, sannan kuma ana sakin zuriya a cikin daji. Amma, da rashin alheri, kwalliya ba sa haihuwa sosai a cikin bauta, kuma 'yanci yana barazanar haɗari da yawa.
Ofayan su shine ƙona ciyawa a cikin gulbi. Don kwanukan da ba za su iya tsayawa wuta ba, wannan hukuncin kisa ne. A CIKIN Red Data littafin Jafananci Crane an rarraba su azaman nau'in haɗari A Rasha, kwararru daga wurare uku a Gabas ta Gabas suna cikin aikin kiyaye shi.
Ciyar da katako na Japan
Abincin abinci na kwanya ya bambanta, gami da abincin shuka da na dabbobi. Sun fi sha'awar mazaunan ruwa: kifi, mollusks. Suna cin kananan beraye, kwari, beetles, kwaɗi, ƙananan tsuntsaye, ƙwai daga gurbi, tsutsotsi, kwari.
Halin ciyar da tsuntsaye yana da ban sha'awa. Sun daɗe tsaye tare da kawunansu ƙasa, suna daskarewa kuma suna tsare abincinsu, sa'annan su kama shi da saurin walƙiya kuma su kurkura shi a cikin ruwa kafin amfani. Abincin shine ƙwayoyin tsire-tsire, harbe-harbe matasa, rhizomes, hatsi a cikin shinkafa, masara da gonakin alkama.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rayuwar katako na Japan
Gurbin tsuntsaye na farawa ne daga bazara, daga ƙarshen Maris - farkon Afrilu. Nau'in gwangwani suna haɗuwa don rayuwa. Ana bayyana haɗuwa ta karin waƙoƙi da rikitarwa sauti a cikin waƙa tare. Tsuntsayen suna tsaye tare da bakunansu masu daddawa, maza masu faffadan fuka-fukai, kuma mace tana sa su ninkewa a jiki.
An zabi wurin don yin ginin gida kusa da ruwa tsakanin ciyayi masu tsayi. Namiji cikin damuwa yana kare mace da zuriyarta. Ma'aurata matasa suna yin kwai ɗaya a lokaci guda, daga baya kuma biyu. Shiryawa har zuwa kwanaki 34. Iyaye sun kyankyashe bi da bi, mace na aiki a dare, kuma namiji yana maye gurbin ta sau da yawa a rana.
Kajin Crane ba sa gasa da juna, dukansu suna rayuwa. Yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 90-95 don ƙirƙirar dabbobin samari. Jarirai suna fitowa daga cikin gida kusan bayan haihuwa. Kulawar iyaye ya hada da ba kawai ciyar da 'ya'yan ba, har ma da dumama kananan dunkulen lumana a karkashin fikafikan. Zuriya suna girma cikin jima'i da shekaru 3-4.
A cikin hoton, wani gurbi ne na katako na Japan
Game da katako na Japan akwai tatsuniyoyi da tatsuniyoyi da yawa, gami da waɗanda suka shafi rayuwarsa. A karkashin yanayin yanayi, kadan ya gagara yin karatun tsawon rai, kuma a cikin fursuna, tsuntsaye suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 80. Kyakkyawa, alheri da tsarin rayuwar ɗakunan kwalliya koyaushe zasu jawo hankalin ɗan adam zuwa ga wannan halittar mai ban al'ajabi.
