Hadarin teku, mutuwar fari, mai kisan kai - da zaran ba su kira wannan halitta mai karfi da dadadden da ya tsira daga dinosaur ba. Sunansa shi ne babban farin shark... Cikakkiyar cikakkiyar kwayar halitta kawai babu ita a cikin halitta.
Bayani da fasali na babban farin kifin kifin kifin kifin
Babban farin shark (karcharodon) Shine ɗayan manyan mafarauta a doron ƙasa. Ya sami sanannen sanannensa a matsayin mutum mai cin kifin shark da dama: akwai manyan shari'oi da yawa da aka yi wa rijista akan mutane.
Harshe baya kuskura ya kira shi kifi, amma da gaske shi ne: farin kifin shark nasa ne na ajin kifin da ke gishiri. Kalmar "shark" ta fito ne daga yaren Vikings, tare da kalmar "hakall" sun kira kwatankwacin kowane kifi.
Yanayi ya baiwa babban farin kifin shark: karfinta bai canza ba tsawon miliyoyin shekarun da ya rayu a doron ƙasa. Girman mega-fish ya ma fi girma da kifi whale, wanda wani lokacin yakan kai 10 m. Babban farin shark, a cewar masana kimiyyar ilimin lissafi, na iya wuce mita 12.
Koyaya, akwai ra'ayoyin kimiyya kawai game da kasancewar waɗannan ƙattai, babban farin kifin shark, an kama shi a cikin 1945, tsayinsa ya kai mita 6.4 kuma nauyinsa ya kai tan 3. Wataƙila, mafi girma a duniya girman da ba a taba yin irin sa ba, ba a taba kama shi ba, kuma ya ratsa kogin ruwa a zurfin da ba zai yiwu ga mutane ba.
A ƙarshen Tertiary, kuma bisa ga ƙa'idodin Duniya ba da daɗewa ba, kakannin babban farin kifin shark, megalodons, sun rayu a cikin zurfin zurfin teku. Wadannan dodanni sun kai tsawon m 30 (tsayin ginin mai hawa 10), kuma maza manya 8 zasu iya dacewa cikin bakinsu.
A yau, babban farin kifin shark shine kadai jinsin jinsinsa da ke da yawa. Sauran sun mutu ne tare da dinosaur, mammoths da sauran tsoffin dabbobi.
Paintedangaren sama na wannan macen da ba za a iya wucewa ba an zana shi a cikin kewayon launin ruwan kasa mai launin toka, kuma jikewa na iya zama daban: daga fari zuwa kusan baƙi.
Babban farin kifin kifin shark na iya tsayi fiye da mita 6
Ya dogara da mazaunin. Ciki fari ne, shi ya sa shark ɗin ya sami sunansa. Layin tsakanin launin toka da fari da farin ciki ba za a iya kiran shi santsi da santsi ba. Ya fi karyewa ko tsagewa.
Wannan launi yana lulluɓe shark ɗin a cikin layin ruwa: daga hangen nesa, bayanansa sun zama masu santsi kuma kusan ba za a iya gani ba, idan aka duba su daga sama, duhun baya ya haɗu da inuwa da shimfidar ƙasa.
Kwarangwal na babban farin shark bashi da naman kashin, amma duk ya kunshi guringuntsi. Jikin da yake kwarara tare da kai mai kamannin mazugi an lullubeshi da madogara masu nauyi, masu kama da tsari da taurin hakora.
Wadannan sikeli galibi ana kiransu da “hakora na fata”. A wasu lokuta, ba za a huda bawon shark koda da wuka ne, kuma idan ka buge shi "a kan hatsi", yankan zurfin zai kasance.
Farin jikin kifin shark yana da kyau don yin iyo da bin farauta. Wani abu mai maiko na musamman wanda fata shark ta ɓoye shima yana taimakawa rage girman juriya. Zai iya kaiwa saurin zuwa 40 km / h, kuma wannan baya cikin iska, amma a cikin kaurin ruwan gishiri!
Motsawarta na da kyau da ɗaukaka, da alama tana zamewa ta cikin ruwa, ba tare da yin wani ƙoƙari ba. Wannan mai zina yana iya yin tsalle na tsawan mita 3 a saman ruwa, dole ne a ce kallon wasan yana da ban sha'awa.
Babban farin kifin kifin shark bashi da kumfa na iska da zai kiyaye shi, kuma don kada ya nitse, dole ne ya riƙa aiki da ƙafafunsa koyaushe.
Babban hanta da ƙarancin guringuntsi yana taimakawa yawo da kyau. Hawan jini na mai farautar ba shi da ƙarfi kuma don haɓaka gudan jini, dole ne ya zama yana motsawa koyaushe, don haka yana taimakawa tsokar zuciya.
Kallo hoto na babban farin sharktare da bakinta a buɗe, kuna jin tsoro da firgici, kuma tsutsa suna tsalle a cikin fata. Kuma wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda yana da wahala a yi tunanin ingantaccen kayan aiki don kisan.
Hakora shirya a layuka 3-5, kuma farin shark kullum ana sabunta su. A madadin karyayyen haƙoran da suka ɓace ko ɓataccen, sabon sabo yana girma daga layin ajiyar. Matsakaicin adadin hakora a cikin ramin baka kusan 300, tsawon ya wuce 5 cm.
Tsarin hakora suma ana yin tunaninsu, kamar kowane abu. Suna da fasali mai ma'ana da kuma lamuran da ke sauƙaƙa fitar da can gutsun nama daga mawuyacin halin wanda aka cutar da su.
Hakoran hakar Shark kusan ba su da tushe kuma suna sauka cikin sauƙi. A'a, wannan ba kuskuren yanayi bane, maimakon haka akasin haka: hakorin da aka makale a jikin wanda aka azabtar ya hana mai farautar damar buɗe bakinta don samun iska ta kayan masarufi, kifin yana cikin haɗarin shaƙa kawai.
A halin da ake ciki, gwamma a rasa hakori fiye da rai. Af, a lokacin rayuwarsa, babban farin shark ya maye gurbin haƙoran dubu 30. Abin sha'awa shine, muƙamuƙin farin kifin shark, matse ganima, yana matsin lamba akan sa har zuwa tan 2 a kowace cm².
Akwai kusan hakora 300 a bakin farin kifin kifin kifin.
Babban salon fararen kifin shark da mazauninsu
White sharks suna da kyau a mafi yawan lokuta. Yankuna ne, kodayake, suna nuna girmamawa ga manyan yan'uwansu ta hanyar basu damar yin farauta a cikin ruwan su. Halin jama'a a cikin sharks lamari ne mai rikitarwa da kuma karancin karatu.
Wasu lokuta suna da aminci ga gaskiyar cewa wasu suna raba abincinsu, wani lokacin akasin haka. A cikin zaɓi na biyu, suna nuna rashin jin daɗinsu ta hanyar nuna muƙamuƙansu, amma ba safai suke azabtar da mai kutse ba.
Ana samun babban farin kifin kifin kifin a cikin yankin shiryayye kusa da bakin teku kusan ko'ina cikin duniya, ban da yankunan arewa. Wannan nau'in thermophilic ne: yanayin zafin ruwa mafi kyau a garesu shine 12-24 ° C. Haɗin gishiri shima muhimmin abu ne, tunda bai wadatar a cikin Bahar Baƙin kuma ba a samun waɗannan kifin kifin a ciki.
Babban farin shark yana rayuwa a gefen tekun, Mexico, California, New Zealand. Ana lura da yawan jama'a kusa da Mauritius, Kenya, Madagascar, Seychelles, Australia, Guadeloupe. Waɗannan masu farautar suna saukin kamuwa da yanayi kuma suna iya tafiya dubban kilomita.
Babban ciyarwar shark
Babban farin kifin kifin kifin kifin mai kyan gani, mai kirgawa, mai kirgawa. Ta kai hari kan zakunan teku, hatimai, hatimai na fur, kunkuru. Baya ga manyan dabbobi, kifayen kifayen suna ciyar da tuna da galibi gawar.
Babban farin kifin shark ba ya jinkirin farautar wasu, ƙananan nau'ikan nau'ikansa, har ma da dolphins. A karshen, suna kwanton bauna tare da kai hari ta baya, suna hana wanda aka azabtar damar amfani da echolocation.
Yanayi ya sanya shark ya zama mai kisan gilla: hangen nesan sa ya ninka na ɗan adam sau 10, kunnen cikin yana ɗaukar ƙananan mitoci da sautunan zangon infrared.
Halin ƙanshin mai farauta daban ne: shark na iya jin ƙaran jini a cikin haɗuwa ta 1: 1,000,000, wanda yayi daidai da cokali 1 a cikin babban wurin waha. Harin farin kifin shark yana saurin walƙiya: ƙasa da ta biyu daga wucewa daga lokacin da bakin ya buɗe zuwa ƙarshen rufe muƙamuƙi.
Shigar da haƙoranta kamar reza a jikin wanda aka azabtar, shark ɗin ya girgiza kansa, yana cire manyan sassan nama. Tana iya haɗiye har zuwa kilogiram 13 na nama a lokaci guda. Muƙamuƙin mai zubar da jini yana da ƙarfi ta yadda za su iya cizon manyan kasusuwa cikin sauƙi, ko ma duk abin farautar a rabi.
Cutar shark tana da girma kuma tana roba, tana iya ɗaukar abinci mai yawa. Ya faru cewa babu isasshen hydrochloric acid don narkewa, to kifin ya juya shi ciki, kawar da ƙima. Abin mamaki, bangon ciki ba ya cutar da haƙoran haƙori uku-uku na wannan halitta mai ƙarfi.
Babban Hare Haren Farin Shark kowane mutum yana faruwa, galibi masanan da masu surfe suna shan wahala daga gare shi. 'Yan Adam ba sa cikin abincin su; maimakon haka, mafarauci yakan kawo hari bisa kuskure, yin kuskuren yin amfani da jirgin ruwa don hatta giwar giwa ko hatimi.
Wani bayani game da irin wannan zaluncin shi ne mamaye sararin kifin shark, yankin da aka saba da shi don farauta. Abin sha'awa, ba safai take cin naman mutane ba, sau da yawa tana tofa albarkacin bakin ta, ganin cewa tayi kuskure.
Girma kuma halaye na jiki basa badawa ga wadanda abin ya shafa babban farin shark ba karamar damar tsira ba. A zahiri, bashi da cancantar gasa tsakanin zurfin teku.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Mutanen da ba su kai mita 4 ba a tsawon, wataƙila yara ne da ba su balaga ba. Sharan kifayen sharks na iya ɗaukar ciki ba da shekara 12-14 ba. Maza sun girma a ɗan lokaci kaɗan - a 10. Manyan fararen kifin kifaye masu haifuwa ta hanyar samar da kwai.
Wannan hanyar tana tattare da keɓaɓɓen nau'in kifin mai gishiri. Ciki yana ɗaukar kimanin watanni 11, sannan jarirai da yawa suna ƙyanƙyashe a cikin mahaifar uwa. Mafi ƙarfi ya ci rauni yayin da yake ciki.
An haifi 2-3 sharks masu zaman kansu gaba ɗaya. Dangane da ƙididdiga, 2/3 daga cikinsu ba su rayu har zuwa shekara guda ba, suna zama waɗanda ke fama da balagar kifin har ma da mahaifiyarsu.
Saboda daukar ciki na lokaci mai tsawo, karancin aiki da dadewar balaga, yawan fararen kifin kerkins yana raguwa a hankali. Tekunan duniya ba mazauni ne da ba su wuce 4500 ba.
