Plovers sunan rukuni ne na nau'ikan nau'ikan wader. Suna da mazauna daban-daban da hanyoyin tsira, amma abu daya ne ya hada su: karami zuwa matsakaicin jiki da kuma dogayen kafafu, wuya da fikafikai. Wannan rukuni ya haɗa kai tsaye dangin plovers.
Daga cikinsu akwai irin waɗannan nau'ikan kamar:
- zinariya plovers;
- launuka masu launin launin ruwan kasa;
- tulesa.
Duk da jinsin jinsin kamanninsu a cikin halaye da bayyana, wadannan tsuntsayen ma suna da wasu bambance-bambance. Don haka, magana game da halaye na masu fasalin abubuwa, a matsayin ƙa'ida, ya zama dole a fayyace irin nau'ikan ƙananan raƙuman da muke magana akan su.
Fasali da mazaunin abin birgewa
Wakilan dangin makirci sun fi son zama a sassan duniya mafi sanyi. Mazauninsu ya bazu ko'ina cikin arewacin Rasha, Kanada da Alaska kuma a wasu wuraren ya isa Yankin Arctic.
Hakanan zaka iya ganin irin wannan tsuntsu a cikin ƙasashen Scandinavia da arewacin Jamus. A baya can, an same su a Tsakiyar Turai cikin adadi mai yawa, amma yanzu zaku iya saduwa da shi can kawai kwatsam.
Kamar tsuntsu hamada, makirci zaɓi manyan ɗakuna a cikin su wanda zai iya motsa tsere da gajere. Wannan shine halin da take ciki lokacin da baya buƙatar yin balaguron hunturu zuwa yankuna masu dumi.
A lokacin hunturu, wadannan tsuntsayen suna yin dogon jirage sannan kuma sun gwammace su jira watannin da suka fi kowane sanyi a Ingila, Ajantina, da kuma gabar teku da kuma ciyawar da ke yankin Yammacin Turai.
Wasu lokuta har ma suna jinkiri a cikin Caucasus da Amurka ta Tsakiya. A al'adance, nau'ikan abubuwa masu banƙyama sun fi son maɓuɓɓugan jiragen. Misali, jinsunan masu launin launin ruwan kasa sun fi son zama a kasar Ajantina, amma masu zinaren zinariya sun gamsu sosai da yanayin hunturu a Ingila mai sanyi.
Plover yana zaune a cikin tundra da makiyaya mai cike da fadama da filaye, ya fi son gabar ruwan. Wani lokacin maƙarƙashiya ma suna zaɓar ƙasashen da ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye rayuwa. Wannan yana basu damar samun abinci.
Yanayi da salon rayuwar makirci
Plover na zinare dan karamin matsakaici ne na dangin wader. Tana da babban baki wanda zai iya raba abubuwa masu ƙarfi, kamar ƙananan bawo.
Launin gashinsa launin toka-launin ruwan kasa ne, amma a bazara mazan suna da launi mai haske sosai. Wannan tsuntsayen yakan kwashe tsawon rayuwarsa cikin sanyi, kuma galibi kuma wurare masu dausayi, tare da su, kamar yawancin yankuna, suna saurin gudu, lokaci-lokaci suna kwace ganima da bakinsu.
A lokacin hunturu, abin salo yana tashi, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana cikin Arewacin Turai. Sau da yawa takan zaɓi Ingila don hunturu. Gudun zinaren zinariya lokacin tashi ya isa 50 km / h.
Parfin fuka-fuka mai launin launin ruwan kasa a waje, wanda bai isa ba, ya fi zinariya haske sosai. A cikin labbanta akwai mafi haɗuwa iri-iri. Akwai farin yadi a bayanta, kuma wutsiyarta tana da launi irin ta zinariya.
Ita a wurare da yawa tana jagorantar salon rayuwa irin na 'yar uwarta, amma tana yin dogon tashi sama. A lokaci guda, a hanya, mai launin fuka-fuka-fuka-fukai ba ya neman ko abinci ko abinci, kuma a zahiri ba ya tsayawa har sai ya isa gabar Kudancin Amurka.
Tules wani nau'in chalice ne wanda galibi ake ware shi saboda girmansa idan aka kwatanta shi da sauran nau'in wadannan tsuntsayen. Koyaya, yana kusa dangi na plover na kowa kuma na gida daya ne.
Yana da launin fari-fari-mai-ruwan-fari ko fari-da fari fari kuma ya fi son abinci daga mazaunan ruwa, saboda haka yana zaune kusa da jikin ruwa fiye da sauran ƙananan rarar. Koyaya, shima yana samun abinci ko dai ta hanyar saurin jefawa yayin gudu, ko kuma ta gajerun nutsewa.
Abinci
Gwanin zinare yana cin kwari iri-iri, daga mazari har zuwa beetles. Ba ta raina katantanwa, amma a lokaci guda - kowane irin larvae, cocoons da ƙwai. Lokacin da abin zinaren zinariya ya yi ƙaura a lokacin sanyin hunturu, yakan sauka a gabar tekun Ingilishi kuma yana cin abinci a kan ɓawon burodi a can.
Wani lokacin maƙarƙancin zinariya yakan sanya tsirrai na tsire-tsire, 'ya'yan itacen berry da korensa. Gabaɗaya, ana iya ɗaukar abincin ta na kowane nau'i na masu fasali a matsayin mafi bambancin. Gwanin fure mai launin ruwan kasa ta kuma fi son cin kwari, katantanwa da kuma ɓawon burodi, amma da wuya ta ci sassan tsirrai.
Bugu da ƙari, a matsayin mai mulkin, a cikin abincin ta, lokacin da ta mai da hankali ga shuke-shuke, babban wurin yana shagaltar da berries. Ba ta da ƙarancin harbi da 'ya'ya kamar zinariya.
Thules, bi da bi, yana ba da ƙarin hankali ga katantanwa, molluscs da invertebrates. Ya kuma ci shuke-shuken yadda ya kamata zinariya ploveryawanci cin 'ya'yansu kawai ko' ya'yan itacen berry.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na abin plover
Tsuntsu - tsuntsu, shirya gidanta a cikin kananan ramuka a kasa a tsakiyar sararin samaniya, kuma wannan ya shafi dukkan mambobin jinsin. Gidajen an lullube su da fluff, amma ba su yi kauri sosai ba. A ƙa'ida, iyayen duka suna shiga cikin yin kwai, ɗayan, idan ya cancanta, ya kasance tare da gida, ɗayan kuma yana samun abinci kuma yana ɗaukar maharan gefe.
Koyaya, galibi mace ce takan kasance akan gida, kuma namiji yana lura da abin da ke faruwa daga wani wuri a sama. Wannan yana bawa masu hikimar damar lura da haɗari a cikin lokaci kuma suyi daidai yadda yakamata.
Kayan zinariya da tules galibi suna da ƙwai huɗu a cikin gidajensu, duk launin ruwan kasa ne, wanda kuma zai iya zama ruwan hoda ko na zinariya, kuma zai iya zuwa kusan baƙar fata, sau da yawa tare da tabo mai duhu a cikin ɓangaren ƙasa, kusa da ƙarshen m.
Ba sa yin ƙwai nan da nan, amma a cikin kwana biyu, wani lokacin tare da sanannun katsewa. Mai launin fuka-fuki mai launin ruwan kasa yana samar da qwai biyu ko uku kawai, kuma dukkansu farare ne da bakin spek.
Matsakaicin lokacin shiryawa da kwai a cikin nau'ikan plovers daban-daban daga kwanaki 23 zuwa 30, bayan haka sai kaji suna kyankyashe cikakkun damar cin abinci mai cin gashin kansu, kodayake an rufe shi da taushi mai laushi. Bayan wani lokaci daga wata daya zuwa daya da rabi, daga karshe sun balaga sun bar gida. Tsarin ci gaba na abin zinaren zinare ya kasance mafi tsayi; shi ne mafi ƙarancin duka a cikin launin fuka-fuka masu launin ruwan kasa.
Kaji mai kyan gani
Kamar kowa sandpiper, gwangwani yana da iyakantaccen lokacin rayuwa. Har zuwa yanzu, matsakaicin rikodin rayuwar hukuma na zinaren zinare shekaru goma sha biyu ne kawai. Abun launin fure mai launin ruwan kasa ya kai goma sha huɗu, wani lokacin ma har shekaru goma sha shida.
Ana iya kiran Tulesa mai dogon-hanta a tsakanin wakilan jinsunan - yana rayuwa har zuwa shekaru goma sha takwas. Koyaya, koda wannan lokacin ana ɗaukar shi mai tsayi a tsakanin tsuntsayen na wadan ruwa. Matsakaicin ransu yawanci shekaru hudu zuwa goma ne kawai.
