Fasali da mazaunin salamander
Salamander - wannan shine amfaniyanci, wanda mutane suke tsoro a zamanin da. Sun rubuta tatsuniyoyi game da ita, kuma sun danganta mata ikon sihiri. Wannan ya fi yawa saboda yawan guba da launi mai ban mamaki. Idan kuka fassara sunanta daga yaren Farisa, zai juya - "kuna daga ciki."
Salamander koma zuwa ajin dabbobi amphibians, kodayake suna kama da ƙadangare, bai kamata a rude su ba. Na karshen suna dabbobi masu rarrafe. Jikin wannan wakilin na amphibians yana da tsayi, kuma yana tafiya cikin sauƙi zuwa jela. Girma ya kai daga 5-180 cm. Fata na da danshi da santsi ga taɓawa.
Tsarin launi wanda aka zana nau'ikan daban-daban salamanders, kusan mara iyaka, ana iya gani akan saiti hoto wadannan dabbobi... Amfani na amphibian na iya zama baƙar fata, rawaya, zaitun, ja da sauran inuwa. Kuma an kawata ta baya da ratsi-rami, dige da tabo na siffofi da inuwa daban-daban.
Masu sallama suna da gajerun kafafu masu kafafuwa. A ƙafafun gaba akwai yatsu 4, kuma akan ƙafafun kafa na baya - 5. Claanƙwasa ba su nan. A kan lallausan kan yana ta tururuwa, idanun duhu tare da fatar ido da ta ci gaba.
Har ila yau akwai gland na musamman (parotitis), waɗanda ke halayyar dukkanin amphibians. Daga nan sai suka samar da wani sirri mai guba wanda ke haifar da girgiza da nakasa a cikin dabbobi masu kokarin cin su. Wadannan amphibians suna da dukiya mai ban mamaki: suna iya haɓaka gabobin jikinsu ko jelar su. A yayin aiwatar da juyin halitta, kungiyar ta kasu kashi-kashi, rashin nutsuwa da salamanders na gaske.
Suna da tsarin numfashi daban. Huhunan huhu yana numfasawa ta cikin fata da kuma murza bakin. Gills yana amfani da gills, kuma na karshen suna da cikakken huhu. Salamanders suna zaune a kusan duk ƙasashe, tare da yanayi mai ɗumi da danshi wanda ya dace dasu. Amma mafi yawan nau'ikan su ana samun su ne a Arewacin Amurka.
Salamander nau'in
Bayyana kowane irin sa dabba ba shi yiwuwa a cikin labarin daya, saboda haka an gabatar da wakilai mafi ban mamaki na rukuni a ƙasa salamanders... Mafi yawan amphibian a doron ƙasa shine ƙaton salamander na ƙasar Sin. Kuna iya saduwa da ita kawai a cikin ruwan wannan ƙasar. Ya kai 180 cm a tsayi kuma yana da nauyi sama da 70 kg.
Hoton katon salamander ne na ƙasar Sin
Hanyar da ba a saba da ita ba ta farauta don jinsi na gaba - salamander na Lusitania. Ita, kamar kwado, tana kama ganima da harshenta. Launin jikinta baƙar fata ne, mai kunkuntun ratsi biyu na zinare da ke gudana a gefen dutsen. Ta na zaune ne a Spain da Portugal.
Sallamar Lusaniyanci a cikin hoton
Alpine salamander yana zaune mai tsayi a cikin duwatsu, yana zama tsakanin duwatsu, kusa da kogunan tsaunuka. Itacen salamander yana rarrafe yana rarrafe tare da sandunan, yana tsalle sosai tare da rassan kuma yana ihu da ƙarfi. Launinta shine sake kamanni: haske ko inuwar duhu mai ruwan kasa. Yana zaune a Mexico da jihar California.
Mai tsayi mai tsayi
Mafi yawan wadataccen salamander na bazara yana zaune a cikin Amurka da Kanada. Zata iya sanya kwai sama da 130 a lokaci guda, abu ne mai sauki a gane ta ta jan launi da kananan wuraren duhu.
Lokacin bazara
Mafi shaharar salamanders - wannan shine na wuta... Bugu da kari, ita ma zakarar rayuwa ce a cikin kungiyarta - shekaru 50. Tana da launi mai haske: baki da lemu. Tana gujewa ruwa, kuma tana sauko mata ne kawai a lokacin kiwo. Kunnawa hoto kana iya ganin dukkan kyau wuta salamander.
A cikin hoton mai salamar wuta ne
A cikin Carpathians, yana yiwuwa a sami wakilin guba mafi haɗari na wannan rukuni - mai baƙar fata mai tsayi na Alpine. A cikin rukuni rukunan waɗannan amphibians suna rayuwa a cikin kwazazzabai masu dutsen da kuma cikin dazukan damshi. Gubarsu tana haifar da mummunar ƙonewa akan ƙwayoyin mucous a cikin mutane.
Yanayi da salon salamander
Salamanders, kodayake sun kasance masu kadaici, suna taruwa a cikin ƙungiyoyi kafin ɓarna, cikin Oktoba. Don tsira tare tare da wannan lokacin mara dadi a gare su a cikin ƙasa, a cikin tarin ganyen da suka faɗi. Suna farauta galibi da daddare, da rana suna ɓoyewa a cikin mafaka daga hasken rana kai tsaye. A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, ya kamata a sami ruwa a kusa da mazauninsu.
Suna kama ganimar da kaifin jarkoki, kuma suna rufe ta da jikinsu. Bayan ɗan gajeren gwagwarmaya, wanda aka azabtar ya haɗiye duka. Makiya na halitta salamanders da yawa don samun ceto, dabba ya bar jelarsa ko gabobinsa a cikin farcensu da haƙoransu, da sauri ya gudu.
Kodayake waɗannan amphibians ɗin kuma masu guba, amma asirinsu ba ya haifar da cutar ɗan adam ga mutane. Yana iya haifar da damuwa a hannu kawai, kuma idan ya hau kan ƙwayoyin cuta, yana ƙone baki ko idanu. Sabili da haka, bayan taɓa amphibian, ya zama dole a wanke hannuwanku da kyau don kada ku cutar da kanku da rashin kulawa.
A yau mutane da yawa suna son adana wannan almara ta almara a gida. Saya wuta salamander zaka iya a cikin nurseries na musamman ko kuma shagunan dabbobi. Suna buƙatar babban terrarium kwance don rayuwa. Cakuda ganye, sphagnum da peat yawanci ana zubawa a gindinta. An shirya ƙaramin tafki a ciki. Yakamata wutar ta zama mara nauyi, kuma yawan zafin jiki bai wuce digiri 25 ba.
Salamander abinci
Abincin salamander ya dogara da mazaunin sa. Amphibians da ke rayuwa a kan farautar gizo-gizo, cicadas, butterflies, slugs da earthworms. Manyan wakilai na iya kai hari kan kwado ko ƙaramin sabo. Salamanders da ke rayuwa cikin ruwa sun fi son kifi, kifin kifi, kaguwa, molluscs da amphibians.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rayuwar salamander
A matsakaita, masu salamanders suna rayuwa na kimanin shekaru 20, tsawon lokacin ya dogara da girman nau'ikan. Speciesananan jinsuna suna kai wa ga balagar jima’i har zuwa shekaru 3, kuma manya daga shekaru 5. Abubuwan da ke ɓoye a ɓoye suna yin ƙwai, kuma salamanders na gaske suna rayuwa ne ko kuma suna da ƙoshin lafiya.
Amphibians suna kiwo a cikin shekara, amma ana yin ganiya na aiki a lokacin bazara, bayan fitowa daga rashin bacci. A wannan lokacin, glandon namiji yana kumbura, cike da kwayar halitta. Suna kwanciya kai tsaye a ƙasa, kuma mace tana sha wannan kayan ta cikin cloaca. A cikin yanayin ruwa, hadi yana faruwa daban: namiji yana asircewar kwayar halittar mahaifa kai tsaye kan kwan da aka sanya.
A cikin kwayar halittar kwayar halittar ci gaba na tsawon watanni 10-12 a cikin mahaifa. Amma daga cikin kwai 60, an haifi 'ya' ya 2 ne kawai, sauran kwan kuwa abinci ne kawai a gare su. Ruwan larvae na amphibian na ƙyanƙyashewa bayan watanni 2. Kuma an haife su tare da kwazazzabon riga.
Dwarf salamander yana haɗa ƙwai zuwa tushen tsire-tsire na ruwa. Tsutsa suna fitowa bayan watanni 2, kuma bayan wasu 3, matasa sun zo bakin teku suka fara rayuwa mai zaman kanta.
Yawancin ire-iren wadannan dabbobi masu ban mamaki an jera su a shafukan Jar Littafin, kuma suna gab da bacewa. Mutane suna yin ƙoƙari sosai don kiyaye waɗannan nau'ikan: suna ƙirƙirar ɗakunan ajiya na musamman da wuraren ajiya.
