Fasali da mazaunin bersh
Wadannan kifin ba su da yawa kuma ba a samun su ko'ina da yawa. Asali bersh yana zaune a cikin Volga, amma ko a can ba a same shi ko'ina ba, yana son kada ya tashi sama tare da kogin, yana samun tushe ne kawai a cikin waɗancan ruwan da ba ya gudana sama da Rybinsk. Bugu da kari, ana samun irin wadannan kifin a cikin Beloozero, da kogin Sheksna da Ural, da kuma a cikin gandun dajin Caspian da Baltic.
Bershi ya zama abin da ya zama gama gari game da tafkunan Volga. A cikin irin waɗannan wurare, dutsen dutse ko yashi da nutsuwa na ruwa suna jawo su. Koguna tare da gado mai siliki da zurfin kusan mita mitoci suma sun dace da su sosai.
Jikin wannan halittar ruwa (kamar yadda aka gani a hoto na bersh), yana da launuka masu duhu guda takwas masu duhu kuma yana da siffar madaidaiciyar sandar dunƙulen da aka lulluɓe ta da haɗe-haɗe, ƙarami, ma'aunin sikeli, wanda wani ɓangare ya faɗaɗa zuwa kunci da jela. Farshen ƙafafun kifin ƙafafun kasusuwa ne waɗanda membobinsu suka haɗa su. Hakoran bersh sun ma kusan kusan girma.
Irin
Wannan nau'in dabbobin cikin ruwa na cikin dangi mai yawan gaske. Volzhsky pike perch shine sunan na biyu na bersh, wasu ma harma suna rikita irin wannan kifin tare da pike perch.
Wadannan jinsunan guda biyu suna da kama da gaske, kasancewar su wakilai ne iri daya. Babban abin rarrabewar bersh shine rashin kaifin canines a cikin bakin. Bugu da kari, irin wadannan halittun ruwa suna da hancin fadi da kuma gajarta, idanun sun fi girma girma, kuma kusan kumatu ba su tsirara ba, an rufe su da kananan sikeli.
Bersh - ba mafi girman kifi ba. Amma kodayake tsayinsa, a matsakaita kusan 25 cm, galibi yakan kai rabin mita, ƙwanƙolin jirgin ruwa ya sami girma sosai. Ta launi kifin bursh kuma pike perch kusan iri daya ne, amma kalar ta farko tafi rawaya sosai. Kuma yanayin hawan zander baya cikin waɗannan halittun ruwa.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Bershees sun fi son rayuwa cikin ruwa mai kyau. Ba su son ruwan gishiri da gaske, ba tare da yin iyo a cikin teku ba. Suna rayuwa a cikin koguna da tabkuna, sun fi son zama a cikin zurfin (aƙalla m 14), kusa da yashi ko yashi na siliki, suna ƙoƙari su bar wuraren da aka ƙazantar, suna matuƙar godiya da tsabtar ruwan da suke rayuwa a ciki. Bugu da kari, wadannan kifin suna da matukar damuwa da karancin matakan oxygen a cikin ruwa.
A lokacin watannin bazara, bersh yana kokarin nemo wuraren da zasu ishe su abinci. Manya suna bin gadaje masu zurfin kogi, a waɗancan wuraren ba wuya a gare su su sami abin farauta ga abin da suke so.
Kuma soyayyen yakan mamaye yankin bakin teku, inda suke samun abinci don shekarunsu. Idan wadannan halittun basu shagalta da neman abinci ba, to sai su buya a kasan, tsakanin duwatsu da kayan kwalliya, inda suke kwanciyar hankali da nutsuwa. Hunturu bersh yana zuwa zurfin gaske.
Irin wannan kifin koyaushe yana cikin makarantu. Suna aiki sosai a farkon safiya da kuma yamma, wanda yawanci ana la'akari dashi lokacin kamawa bersh masoya irin wannan aikin.
Ga masu kamun kifi, waɗannan kifin koyaushe abin ƙyama ne mai ban sha'awa, kasancewar abin da ake son kamun kifi da shi, da wasanni kamun kifi akan bersha... Dandanon naman wannan halittar ta ruwa wani abu ne na musamman, amma ana daukar sa a matsayin abin ci, kuma ana sanya jita-jita daga ciki a cikin menu na gidajen abinci mai shahara sosai.
Mafi kyawun lokutan kamun kifi sune ranakun dumi na bazara, bazara da kaka. Kuma mafi kyawun lokacin rana shine awanni bayan fitowar rana da kuma gaban faduwar rana, ma'ana, lokutan aikin zest na wannan kifin.
Bershees yana amsa nau'in nau'ikan jan hankali. Hakanan ana amfani da siliki na siliki. Don kamun kifi don kaya bersha kowane ana amfani dashi: sanduna masu juyawa da sandunan kamun kifi, jakuna da kwankwasiyya. Lokacin kamun kifin wannan kifin a lokacin sanyi, zai fi kyau a yi amfani da sandar da ke sanye da dusar ƙanƙara.
Abincin Bersh
Wannan kifin, wanda yake na jinsin halittu ne, wanda ke cin abincin makaranta. A cikin watanni na rani, irin waɗannan halittun ruwa ba sa rasa abinci iri-iri. Abincin su ya kunshi nau'ikan halittu sama da goma.
Manyan mutane, tsayinsu bai wuce 'yan santimita kaɗan ba, ya fi son purom, dodon ruwa da larvae. Yayin da bersh ke tsiro, yana fara cinye soya da kayan ɓawon burodi.
Kuma mutanen da suka manyanta suna farautar kifi, tsawonsa yakai aƙalla cm 10 amma babban abincinsu bashi da kyau, wakilin gidan cyprinid, wanda girmansa yakai kimanin 20 cm.
La'akari da abubuwan dandano na bersh, masunta a yanayi mai dumi galibi suna amfani da tsutsa, tsutsar jini da tsutsotsi a matsayin ƙyama. Kwatsaɗa ga waɗannan masu cin abincin na iya zama ko dai naman alade ko nau'ikan abinci na yau da kullun: kwado, bait mai rai, soya.
Hunturu bersh baya buƙatar abinci, amma a cikin yanayi mai sanyi yana kwance a ƙarƙashin daskararru da ramuka masu zurfi, wanda shine dalilin da yasa kamun kifi a wannan lokacin ba shi da nasara musamman.
A kan tulka bersh yayi kyau sosai, yayin da wannan ƙaramin kifin, mai girman kimanin cm 10, ya jawo hankalinsa sosai, wanda hakan ya sanya shi dama mai ban sha'awa don amfani dashi azaman koto, wanda ke da tasirin samun kitse wanda yake fitar da ƙamshi mai ban mamaki.
Kamawa bersh akan sprat - wani aiki ne na caca, kuma babban abin anan ga angler shine bazai rasa lokacin da ya dace ba. A dai dai lokacin da kifaye masu farauta suka yi iyo har zuwa cikin kayan marmarin da suka fara nema a ciki, lokaci ya yi da masu son kamun kifi zasu kamo kayan abincinsu cikin lokaci.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
A cikin shekara ta huɗu ta rayuwa, bershs suna girma zuwa 20 cm kuma sun girma cikin jiki sosai don suna iya samun zuriya. Rushewar wannan kifin yana faruwa ne a cikin ruwa mara ƙanƙanci, lokacin da ruwan da ke cikin kogunan ya dumama ta hanyar hasken rana kuma ya zama dumi sosai.
Zaɓin wuri mai dacewa, mafi kyawun zaɓi na iya zama sandbank, bersh ya gina gida, ya ajiye shi a cikin tushen tsire-tsire masu ruwa iri-iri. Kowane ɗayan maza da mata suna taka rawa yayin haɓakawa. Mata suna yin wasan, kuma maza suna aiki a matsayin masu tsaro, suna kare mata daga abokan gaba da kifaye masu farauta.
Eggswai Bersh ƙanana ne a cikin girman, yana da diamita wanda bai wuce milimita ɗaya ba. Su launin rawaya ne, lambar su kuma ɗari-ɗari.
Bayan kwana biyar, larvae sun bayyana kusan rabin santimita a girma, wanda mako mai zuwa ke girma, ci gaba da zana abinci daga kwai gwaiduwar ƙwai. Girma da isa ga balagar da ake buƙata, suna ci gaba da ciyar da kan su.
A karkashin yanayin yanayi, wadannan kifin galibi suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru takwas. Bersh, yana zaune a cikin tafkunan Volga, inda yanayin rayuwa ya fi dacewa da su, suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 12, suna auna har zuwa 60 cm.
Tsaro na Bersh
Kasancewa irin kifin da ba kasafai yake faruwa ba, waɗannan halittun na cikin ruwa, duk da haka, suna da babbar rawa ga mutane saboda ƙimar su ta abinci. Naman su ya ƙunshi ma'adanai masu amfani, bitamin masu ƙima da sunadarai.
Man kifi wanda yake cike da ɗarin bersh yana da matukar mahimmanci ga jikin yaro mai girma kuma yana da fa'ida ga manya. Kari akan haka, wadannan kifin suma wani bangare ne na duniyar dabbobi, wanda shine darajar su babu shakka.
Nazarin irin waɗannan mazaunan jikin ruwa yana da cikakkiyar mahimmancin ilimin kimiyya, musamman ma a cikin yanayin lokacin da yanayin muhalli ke canzawa koyaushe, kuma yana da matukar muhimmanci a san martanin mazaunan cikin ruwa game da irin waɗannan canje-canje, da kuma ikon da zasu dace da su.
Kwayar Bersh, wacce ke tasiri ga gurbatar yanayi kuma tana buƙatar yawan iskar oxygen mai cike da ruwa, ya zama mai saurin damuwa da canje-canje mara kyau. Musamman ma irin waɗannan halittu, waɗanda yawansu ya rigaya sun yi kaɗan, a cikin kwarin Kogin Ural, wanda shine dalilin haɗawa bersha a cikin Littafin Ja... A wasu yankuna na yankin Orenburg, alal misali, a cikin Tanshlinsky da Ileks, kamun kifi na wannan kifin yana da iyakance.
