Holothurian dabba ne. Holothurian salon rayuwa da mazauninsu

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Fasali da mazaunin kokwamba na teku

Holothuria Dabba ne mai ban mamaki wanda yake kama da shuka. Wannan dabbar tana cikin ajin nau'ikan invertebrates, nau'in echinoderms. Wadannan "tsiran ruwan teku", kuma wannan shine yadda suke kama, suna da sunaye da yawa - kokwamba a teku, trepang, ginseng na teku.

Ajin Holothurian ya haɗa nau'ikan da yawa, wato - 1150. Kowane nau'in ya bambanta da sauran wakilan wannan aji ta hanyoyi da dama. Saboda haka duka nau'in kokwamba na teku an hade su zuwa nau'ikan 6. Abubuwan da aka yi la'akari da su yayin rabuwa sune masu zuwa: halaye na anatomical, na waje da na gado. Don haka, bari mu saba da nau'ikan kokwamba na teku:

1. Kokwamba na ruwa mara doka ba su da ƙafafun motar asibiti. Ba kamar sauran 'yan uwansu ba, suna jure wa tsabtace ruwa, wanda ya shafi mazaunin. Ana iya samun adadi mai yawa na kafafu a cikin daushin mangrove na Ras Mohamed Nature Reserve.

2. Kukuman ruwan teku masu sanyin kafa suna sanye da ƙafafun mara lafiya a gefuna. Suna ba da fifiko ga rayuwa a cikin zurfin zurfi.

3. Kwakwan teku mai kama da ganga. Siffar jikinsu shine fusiform. Irin wannan nau'in kokwamba na teku saba da rayuwa a cikin ƙasa.

4. Arboreal taturkalin tekun tanti wanda ya fi kowa. Wannan nau'in ya hada da mafi dadadden kokwamba na teku.

5.Thyroid-tentacles yana da gajeren tanti wanda baya buya a cikin jiki.

6. Dactylochirotids sun haɗu da trepangs tare da tent tent 8 zuwa 30.

Holothuria teku, saboda banbancinsa da ikon daidaitawa da kowane mazaunin, ana samunsa a kusan dukkanin tekuna. Iyakar abin da aka keɓance sune Tekun Caspian da Baltic.

Hakanan abubuwan da ke cikin teku suna da kyau don rayuwarsu. Ruwa mafi girma holothurians kokwamba na teku a cikin ruwa mai zafi da raƙuman ruwa. Waɗannan kokwamba na iya daidaitawa a cikin ruwa mara zurfi da cikin raunin zurfin teku. Babban mafakar su ita ce ta murjani da kasa mai duwatsu da ciyayi.

Jikin waɗannan mazaunan karkashin ruwa yana da tsawo, mai yiwuwa saboda wannan dalilin ana kiransu kogin teku. Fatar ta yi kyau kuma ta yi laushi. Duk tsokoki suna da ci gaba sosai. Akwai baki a wani karshen gangar jikin, da kuma dubura a daya bangaren. Tentin suna kusa da bakin.

Tare da taimakonsu, ginseng na teku suna kama abinci kuma suna aikawa cikin bakin. Suna haɗiye abinci gaba ɗaya, tunda ba su da haƙora. Yanayi bai baiwa waɗannan dodanni kwakwalwa ba, kuma tsarin juyayi ƙananan neran jijiyoyi ne da aka haɗa a cikin cuta.

Holothuria kokwamba na teku

Bambancin fasali kogin cucumbers na teku ginseng shine tsarin hawan su. Huhunan ruwa na waɗannan dabbobin ban mamaki suna buɗewa a gaban dubura zuwa cikin cloaca, wanda baƙon abu ne ga sauran ƙwayoyin halitta.

Launin waɗannan dabbobi yana da haske sosai. Sun zo da launin baki, ja, shuɗi da kore. Launin fata ya dogara da inda kokwamba na teku yana rayuwa... Launinsu galibi ana haɗe shi tare da tsarin launi na shimfidar karkashin ruwa. Girman irin waɗannan "tsutsotsi na cikin ruwa" ba su da iyaka. Zasu iya zama daga 5 mm zuwa 5 m.

Yanayi da salon rayuwar kokwamba na teku

Holothurian salon - rashin aiki. Ba su cikin sauri, kuma suna rarrafe a hankali fiye da kunkuru. Suna motsawa ta gefen teku a gefensu, tunda anan ne ƙafafunsu suke.

A cikin hoto, ginseng teku kokwamba na teku

Kuna iya duban irin wannan hanyar da ba ta dace ba ta ci gaba hoto na kukumba na teku... A lokacin irin wannan tafiya, suna kama ƙwayoyin abincin da ake ci daga ƙasa tare da taimakon alfarwa.

Suna jin mai girma a cikin zurfin gaske. Don haka a zurfin kilomita 8, ginseng na teku yana ɗaukar kanta a matsayin cikakken mai shi, kuma wannan ba haɗari bane. Sunkai kashi 90% na duk mazaunan ƙasan da zurfin zurfin gaske.

Amma ko da waɗannan “masu mallakar” suna da abokan gaba. Holothurians dole ne su kare kansu daga kifi, kifi na taurari, ɓawon burodi da wasu nau'ikan mollusc. Don kariya, kokunan ruwan teku suna amfani da "makami na musamman". Idan akwai haɗari, zasu iya kwangila kuma su jefa abubuwan cikin su cikin ruwa.

Matsayi mai mahimmanci, waɗannan hanji ne da al'aura. Don haka, abokan gaba sun ɓace ko bukukuwa a kan wannan "saukowar ballast", kuma ɓangaren gaba na kokwamba, a halin yanzu, ya tsere daga filin daga. Duk sassan jikin da suka ɓace ana dawo dasu cikin makonni 1.5-5 kuma kogin teku ya ci gaba da rayuwa kamar da.

Wasu nau'ikan ana kiyaye su ta wata hanya daban. Yayin artabu tare da abokan gaba, suna samar da enzymes masu guba waɗanda suke da guba mai guba ga kifi da yawa.

Ga mutane, wannan abu ba shi da haɗari, babban abu shi ne cewa ba ya shiga idanuwa. Mutane sun dace da amfani da wannan sinadarin don amfanin kansu: don kamun kifi da kuma tunkuɗar da kifaye.

Baya ga abokan gaba, ginseng na teku yana da abokai. Kimanin nau'in kifaye 27 na dangin carapace suna amfani da holothurians a matsayin gida. Suna zaune a cikin waɗannan dabbobin da ba a saba gani ba, suna amfani da su a matsayin mafaka idan akwai haɗari.

Wasu lokuta wadannan "kifin na kokwamba" suna cin gabobin haihuwa da na numfashi na kokwamba na teku, amma saboda karfin sake halittarsu, wannan ba ya cutar da "masu shi" da yawa.

Holothuria mai cin abinci la'akari da ba kawai mazaunan karkashin ruwa ba, har ma da mutane. Ana amfani da Trepangi don shirye-shiryen abinci mai daɗi, haka kuma a fannin ilimin magunguna. Ba su da ɗanɗano amma suna da ƙoshin lafiya.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce lokacin da kuka sami kokwamba na teku zuwa farfajiya, dole ne ku yayyafa shi da gishiri don ya yi wuya. In ba haka ba, yayin tuntuɓar iska, kifin kifin zai yi laushi kuma yayi kama da jelly.

Abincin Holothurian

Ana daukar kokwamba na teku a matsayin jerin abubuwan umarnin teku da tekuna. Suna ciyar da ragowar mushen dabbobi. Moutharshen bakinsu koyaushe yana tashi don kama abinci tare da taimakon alfarwa.

Adadin tantinan ya bambanta daga jinsuna zuwa nau'ikan. Matsakaicin adadin su shine 30, kuma duk suna cikin neman abinci koyaushe. Kowane ɗayan tekun na kogin kokwamba a jere yana lasar.

Wasu nau'ikan suna cin abincin algae, wasu kuma akan tarkace da kananan dabbobi. Suna kama da masu tsabtace ɗaki, suna tattara abinci haɗe da ƙura da yashi daga ƙasa. Hanjin wadannan dabbobi an daidaita su don zabar abubuwan gina jiki kawai, kuma su aika da duk abinda ba dole ba.

Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na kukuman teku

Holothurians suna da halaye na hanyoyin 2 na haifuwa: jima'i da jima'i. A yayin haihuwa, mace na sakin kwai a cikin ruwa. Anan, a waje, kwai ya hadu.

Bayan ɗan lokaci, larvae zai bayyana daga ƙwai. A ci gaban su, waɗannan jariran suna wuce matakai 3: dipleurula, auricularia da dololaria. A watan farko na rayuwarsu, larvae suna cin abinci ne kawai na algae unicellular.

Zaɓin kiwo na biyu shine haifuwa da kai. A wannan yanayin, holothurians, kamar shuke-shuke, sun kasu kashi da yawa. Bayan lokaci, sababbin mutane suna girma daga waɗannan sassan. Wadannan halittu na ban mamaki zasu iya rayuwa daga shekaru 5 zuwa 10.

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Kalli bidiyon: Thats Why Cats Are Afraid of Cucumbers (Nuwamba 2024).