Mafi zurfin kuma mafi kyawun keɓaɓɓen tafki a duniya shine Baikal. A can ne za ku iya saduwa da dabbobi na musamman waɗanda ba a samun su a ko'ina - hatimin Baikal, abubuwan ƙarshe, abubuwan tarihi na manyan makarantu.
Baikal hatimi mallakar dangi ne na hatimi kuma ya samar da jinsin daban. Wannan kadai mai shayarwa ne akan Tafkin Baikal. An fara jin wannan dabba mai ban mamaki kuma aka bayyana ta yayin balaguron Bering.
Ungiyar ta haɗa da masana kimiyya daban-daban, ciki har da waɗanda ke da hannu kai tsaye a cikin nazarin yanayin yankin Baikal. Daga gare su ne farkon ya fara bayani kwatancin hatimi.
Dabbar da aka sare a kan Tafkin Baikal wani sabon abu ne mai ban mamaki. Bayan duk wannan, al'ada ce a yi tunanin cewa hatimi na asali ne na Arctic da Antarctic. Ta yaya ya faru cewa waɗannan dabbobin sun zo Gabashin Siberia har yanzu ya zama asiri ga kowa.
A cikin hoton hatimin Baikal
Amma gaskiyar ta kasance, kuma wannan lamarin ya sa Lake Baikal ya zama mafi ban mamaki da ban mamaki. Kunnawa hoto na hatimin Baikal zaka iya kallon mara iyaka. Girmanta mai ban sha'awa da kuma wasu maganganu irin na yara na bakin fuska kamar ba su dace ba.
Fasali da mazaunin hatimin Baikal
Wannan babban dabba ne, kusan tare da girman mutum na 1.65 cm, kuma yana auna daga 50 zuwa 130 kg. An rufe dabbar da gashi mai kauri da tauri ko'ina. Ba ya nan kawai a cikin idanu da hanci. Har ma ana samunsa a kan fikafikan dabba. Hataccen fur galibi launin toka-toka-toka-launin ruwan kasa mai ƙyalli mai kyau. Mafi sau da yawa, ɓangaren ɓangaren gangar jikinta ya fi na sama haske.
Hatimin dabba iyo ba tare da matsala ba albarkacin membran ɗin a yatsun hannunta. Claafafu masu kaifin ƙarfi a bayyane suke a ƙafafun gaba. A ƙafafun baya, sun ɗan fi kaɗan kaɗan. Wuyar hatimin ba ta nan.
Mata koyaushe sun fi maza girma. Akwai fatar ido na uku a gaban idanu hatimin. Bayan tsawon lokaci a sama, idanunta sun fara zubar da jini ba tare da son ransu ba. A jikin dabba akwai wadatattun kayan mai mai yawa.
Launin mai na hatimin ya kai kimanin cm 10-15. Ana samun mafi ƙarancin kitse a cikin kai da goshin gaba. Fat yana taimaka wa dabba ta kasance cikin ɗumi a cikin ruwan sanyi. Hakanan, tare da taimakon wannan kitsen, hatimin zai iya samun sauƙin shiga cikin mawuyacin lokaci na rashin abinci. Subcutaneous Baikal hatimin mai yana taimaka mata ta dade a kwance a saman ruwan.
Hatimin Baikal yana da cikakkiyar bacci
A wannan matsayin, har ma tana iya yin bacci. Baccinsu yayi karfi da kishi. Akwai lokuta da dama lokacin da masu ruwa da tsaki suka juya wadannan dabbobin suna barci, amma ba su farka ba. Baikal hatimin hatimi yana rayuwa musamman a tafkin Baikal.
Akwai, kodayake, keɓancewa da hatimai sun ƙare a cikin Angara. A lokacin hunturu, kusan duk lokacinsu ne a cikin masarautar karkashin ruwa na tafkin kuma a cikin wasu al'amuran da ba safai ake iya bayyana a saman sa ba.
Don tabbatar da cewa akwai isashshen oxygen a ƙarƙashin ruwa, hatimai suna yin ƙananan ramuka akan kankara tare da taimakon ƙafafunsu masu kaifi. Girman da aka saba yi na irin waɗannan ramuka daga 40 zuwa 50 cm Mafi zurfin mazurari, ya fi faɗi.
Baikal hatimi a ƙarƙashin ruwa
Characterizedarshen lokacin hunturu na wannan dabba mai lanƙwasa yana da halin fita kan kankara. A farkon watan bazara, akwai tarin waɗannan dabbobin a yankin Tsibirin Ushkany.
A can ne ainihin rufin hatimi yake. Da zaran rana ta faɗi a sama, waɗannan dabbobin za su fara tafiya tare zuwa tsibiran. Bayan da kankara ta ɓace daga tabkin, sai hatimin suka yi ƙoƙarin kasancewa kusa da yankin bakin teku.
Yanayi da salon rayuwar hatimin Baikal
Abu mai kayatarwa game da hatimin shine lokacin da yake ƙarƙashin ruwa, hancinsa da buɗewa a kunnuwa suna rufe tare da bawul na musamman. Lokacin da dabbar ta fito kuma tana fitar da iska, matsin lamba yakan hauhawa sannan bawuloli su bude.
Dabbar tana da kyakkyawar ji, da gani sosai da ƙanshi mai kyau. Gudun motsi na hatimi a cikin ruwa ya kai kusan 25 km / h. Bayan kankara ta balle akan Tafkin Baikal, kuma wannan yakai watannin Maris-Mayu, hatimin zai fara narkewa. A wannan lokacin, dabbar tana cikin yunwa kuma baya buƙatar ruwa. Hatimin baya cin komai a wannan lokacin; yana da wadatattun kayan adana rayuwa.
Wannan yana da kuzari sosai, mai son sani, amma a lokaci guda dabba mai hankali. Yana iya kallon mutum daga ruwa na dogon lokaci, yana kutsawa cikin ciki kwata-kwata ya bar kansa kawai a saman. Da zaran hatimin ya fahimci cewa an hango shi daga wurin lura da shi, nan take, ba tare da yar karamar fesawa da hayaniyar da ba dole ba, nutsuwa cikin ruwan.
Wannan dabba tana da saukin horo. A zahiri sun zama waɗanda aka fi so da jama'a. Babu ɗaya Nunin Baikal like, wanda manya da yara suka ziyarta cikin farin ciki.
Alamun Baikal suna nuna mahalarta
Hatimin Baikal ba shi da abokan gaba sai mutane. A karnin da ya gabata mutane sun tsunduma cikin hakar hatimai sosai. Wannan ya kasance babban sikelin masana'antu. A zahiri duk abin da wannan dabba ta ƙunsa an yi amfani da shi. Fitilu na musamman a cikin ma'adinan sun cika kitse na hatimai, an ci naman, kuma maƙwabtan taiga sun yaba da fatar musamman.
An yi amfani dashi don yin inganci da sauri da sauri. Wadannan skis sun banbanta da na skin na yau da kullun ta yadda ba zasu taba iya komawa kan wata gangare ba. Har ya kai ga cewa dabbar ta zama karami da karami. Sabili da haka, a cikin 1980, an yanke shawara ɗaya ɗaya don ceton shi, kuma Baikal hatimi da aka jera a cikin Littafin Ja.
A cikin hoton, jaririn hatimin Baikal
Abinci na hatimin Baikal
Abincin da aka fi so akan hatimai sune manyan goshi da gobies na Baikal. A cikin shekara guda, wannan dabbar na iya cin fiye da tan na irin wannan abincin. Da kyar ake iya samun omul a cikin abincin su. Wannan kifin ya kaso 1-2% na abincin dabbobi na yau da kullun. Akwai jita-jita marasa tushe cewa hatimi suna lalata mazaunan Baikal omul. A gaskiya, wannan ba haka bane. An samo shi a cikin abincin hatimi, amma da wuya ƙwarai.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na hatimin Baikal
Arshen lokacin hunturu a cikin hatimin Baikal yana da alaƙa da tsarin haihuwa. Balagarsu tana faruwa tun suna da shekara huɗu. Ciki mace na tsawon watanni 11. Tana rarrafe akan kankara domin ta haihu. A wannan lokacin ne mafi hatsari daga mafarauta da mafarauta ke fuskantar hatimin.
Kabila na hatimin Baikal an haife su da fari, saboda haka galibi ana kiransu "farin like"
Don kariya ta wata hanya daga waɗannan maƙiyan makiya kuma daga mawuyacin yanayin yanayi na bazara, hatimai suna gina rami na musamman. Wannan gidan yana da alaƙa da ruwa don mace ta iya kare kanta a kowane lokaci kuma ta kare zuriyarta daga haɗari.
Wani wuri a tsakiyar Maris, an haifi jaririn hatimin Baikal. Mafi sau da yawa, mace tana da ɗaya, da wuya sau biyu, har ma sau da yawa sau uku. Weightananan nauyi game da 4 kilogiram. Kimanin watanni 3-4, jariri yana shayar da nono.
Yana sanye da kyawawan tufafi masu launin fari mai dusar ƙanƙara, godiya ga abin da suka sa kansu sosai a cikin dusar ƙanƙarar. Wani lokaci ya wuce kuma bayan narkar da jariran sun sami inuwar launin toka ta fur tare da azurfa, halayyar jinsinsu. Iyaye maza basa daukar wani bangare a tarbiyyarsu.
Girman hatimi yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo. Suna girma har zuwa shekaru 20. Ya faru cewa wasu mutane, ba girma zuwa girman su ba, suna mutuwa. Bayan duk wannan, matsakaicin tsawon rai na hatimin Baikal ya kusan shekaru 8-9.
Kodayake masana kimiyya sun lura cewa wannan dabba na iya rayuwa tsawon shekaru - har zuwa shekaru 60. Amma saboda dalilai da yawa kuma saboda wasu dalilai na waje, kadan daga cikin irin wadannan masu dogon rayuwar a cikin hatimin, mutum na iya cewa kadan. Fiye da rabin waɗannan dabbobin sune hatimin matasa na shekaru 5 yana da shekaru. Za'a iya tantance shekarun hatimi cikin sauƙi ta hanyar canines da ƙafafu.
