Fasali da mazauninsu
Ibis - tsuntsu, wanda ya kasance daga cikin gidan ibis ne, tsarin storks. Wannan jinsin ya zama ruwan dare gama gari - zaka iya haduwa da tsuntsu a yanayin wurare masu zafi, yanayin zafi da yanayin yanayi.
Yanayin rayuwa na yau da kullun shine gabar tafkuna da koguna duka a cikin buɗaɗɗun wurare da cikin gandun daji da dazuzzuka, babban abinda yake nesa da ƙauyukan mutane. Wasu tsuntsayen ibis sun fi son steppes da savannas, dutsen rabin sahara, dogaro da ruwa ya yi kasa da na sauran wakilan jinsunan. Matsakaicin girman babba shine 50 - 140 cm, nauyin zai iya zama kilo 4.
Bayyanar ibises yana haifar da ƙungiyoyi tare da duk wani wakilin stork saboda siraran, dogayen ƙafafu, yatsunsu waɗanda ke haɗe da membranes, ƙaramin kai da ke haɗe da jiki ta tsayi, ta hannu, siririn wuya. Sadarwar murya a cikin tsuntsaye kusan ba ta nan, harshen ba shi da amfani kuma ba ya shiga cin abinci. Hakanan, ibises ba su da goiter da ƙurar foda.
Bakin tsuntsun yana da tsawo kuma yana ɗan lanƙwasa ƙasa, a cikin wasu mutane akwai ɗan faɗaɗawa a ƙarshen bakin. Wannan yanayin yana bawa tsuntsayen damar bincike kasa mai laka dan neman abinci. Masu ƙaunar rayuwa a ƙasa suna amfani da wannan bakin don samun abinci daga ramuka masu zurfi da raƙuman duwatsu.
Hoton Ibis ya zama ba mai ban sha'awa ba kamar na rayuwa, godiya ga santsi, kyawawan labulen. Launi launi ɗaya ne, baƙi, fari ko launin toka, ana la'akari da mafi kyawun wakilai mulufi ibisi, Wanda launinsa mai tarin kyau abin birgewa ne.
Koyaya, tare da kowane narkakken haske, launin launi yana ƙara zama mai tsanani, ma'ana, tsuntsu yana “shuɗewa” da shekaru. Wasu wakilan jinsunan suna da dogon gashin fuka-fukai a kawunansu. Manyan fikafikan tsuntsayen, wadanda suka kunshi fuka-fukai 11 na farko, sun sanya shi saurin tashi sama da nisa.
A cikin hoton akwai jan kyalle ibis
Ina mamakin abin da ke damun kai ibis tsuntsaye a Misira wanda aka nuna allahn wata Thoth, tunda kowace shekara tsuntsayen suna tashi zuwa bakin Nilu. Masana binciken kayan tarihi sun gano ragowar ibis gawawwaki a cikin kaburburan Masarawa masu daraja, da kuma zane-zanen bangon na wadannan tsuntsayen. Koyaya, ma'anar ibis a matsayin alama ta kasance asiri, saboda babu wata cikakkiyar shaida cewa mutanen zamanin sun yi masa sujada kamar tsuntsu.
Har zuwa ƙarshen ƙarni na 16, ana iya samun ibis a yankunan tsaunuka na Turai, amma sai jinsunan da ke zaune a wurin suka mutu gaba ɗaya saboda canjin yanayi da kuma kaunar jama'ar yankin na farauta. A halin yanzu, wasu nau'ikan suna cikin barazanar bacewa gaba daya don haka doka ta kiyaye su sosai.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Ibis yana da kyau tare da sauran tsuntsaye kuma galibi ana iya samun shi a cikin gaurayayyun yankuna tare da cormorants, heron da cokali mai yatsu. Adadin mutane a cikin garke ɗaya na iya bambanta daga 10 zuwa ɗari da yawa.
Tsuntsayen suna yin yini duka suna farauta, tare da kusancin dare sai su tafi gidansu don hutawa. Lokacin farauta, ibis a hankali yake bi ta cikin ruwa mara zurfi, yana neman ganima. Idan haɗari ya kusanto, yakan tashi sama tare da motsi mai ƙarfi na fikafikan sa yana ɓuya a cikin dazuzzuka ko rassan bishiyoyi masu kauri.
Abokan gaba na ibisi sune gaggafa, shaho, kites da sauran masu haɗari masu haɗari. Tsuntsaye masu fuka-fukai waɗanda suke a ƙasa sau da yawa sau da yawa sukan kai hari ta boar daji, dawakai, raccoons, da kuraye. Amma, mafi girman cutarwa ga yawan ibis mutane ne suka haifar da shi.
Hoton shine farin ibis
Hakanan, haɗarin shine raguwar sannu-sannu game da wuraren zama na yau da kullun. Tekuna da koguna sun kafe, ruwan su ya zama gurɓace, albarkatun abinci sun ragu, wanda hakan ke shafar yawan biranen.
Don haka, baƙon balas, wanda ya taɓa rayuwa a Afirka da kudancin Turai, yanzu ana samun sa ne kawai a Maroko, inda, saboda ƙoƙarin masu kare namun daji, ba a kiyaye yawan jama'a kawai, amma kuma yana ƙaruwa a hankali.
Koyaya, wakilan jinsunan da aka tashe su a cikin fursunoni basu da dukkan halayen da suka dace da rayuwa a cikin daji. Misali, balut ibises ya rasa tunanin ƙwaƙwalwar hanyoyin ƙaura, yayin da suka girma cikin bauta. Don kawar da wannan matsalar, masana kimiyya sun nuna wa tsuntsayen hanyar jirgin sama, ta haka suka dawo musu da wannan muhimmiyar ɗabi'a.
A cikin hoton akwai kankara ibis
Abinci
Jinsunan da ke rayuwa a bakin gabar teku sun fi son cin kwari, larvae, kananan kifin kifi, molluscs, kananan kifi, kwadi da sauran masanan. Yankin ƙasa ba sa rena fara, farare daban-daban da gizo-gizo, katantanwa, ƙananan ƙadangare da macizai, da ɓeraye.
Duk tsarin farautar ya dogara ne akan kamun kifi daga ganima tare da babban baki daga ruwa ko damuwar ƙasa. A cikin mawuyacin lokaci, in babu wasu hanyoyin abinci, ibises na iya yin liyafa akan ragowar abincin wasu dabbobi masu farauta.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Ibis yana kama ƙwai sau ɗaya a shekara. Tsuntsayen da ke zaune a arewa suna farawa lokacin saduwa a cikin bazara; ga mazaunan kudu, wannan matakin yana zuwa tare da lokacin damina. Duk membobin jinsin, gami da jan-kafa ibissuna monogamous.
A cikin hoton akwai ibis mai ƙafa-ƙafa
Kowane ɗayan maza da mata suna da nau'i biyu, waɗanda membobinsu ke haɗuwa a tsawon rayuwarsu kuma suna haɓaka ɗayansu. Mata da maza sun hada hannu wajen gina katafaren gida na shuke-shuke da sirara.
Tsuntsaye na iya gano gida a ƙasa, amma, a nan hare-haren masu farautar daji a ƙwai da kajin sun fi yawa, saboda haka ya fi kyau, duk da cewa ya fi wuya, a gina gida gida a cikin bishiyoyi kusa da gidajen wasu tsuntsaye. Idan babu bishiyoyi masu dacewa a cikin mazauninsu na yau da kullun, suna neman reed ko sandar dawa.
A wani lokaci, mace na iya kwanciya daga ƙwai 2 zuwa 6, waɗanda ƙananan yara masu launin toka ko launin ruwan kasa za su bayyana bayan makonni 3. Duk iyayen biyu suna sauya dumi da kwai, kuma, daga baya, kajin, kuma suna samun abinci yayin lokacin raino.
Sai kawai a cikin shekara ta 2, kajin suna mallakar kyawawan launi don rayuwar duka, to, a shekara ta 3, sun kai ga balagar jima'i kuma suna shirye don ƙirƙirar danginsu. Matsakaicin tsawon rayuwar lafiyayyen tsuntsu a cikin daji shine shekaru 20.
