Bayani da mazaunin dare
Ba'a bayyane dare ba. Wannan tsuntsu ne mai kalar launuka masu matukar kyau, wanda a dalilin haka ne mafarkin dare ya kware a suturta shi. Daga sama, an zana shi a cikin launin toka mai duhu, a kan bayansa akwai dashes, spots, convolutions of yellow, brown, dark.
Nonujin kaji launin toka ne mai duhu tare da gajeren ratsi na sautin wuta. Dukansu fikafikan, kai, da wutsiya suna da abin da yake iya ɓoye tsuntsu a cikin ciyayi. Dogaro da launin lagon, tsuntsaye sun kasu kashi 6 na jakar dare, waɗanda ke rayuwa a yankuna daban-daban. Jikin gashin fuka-fukin yana da tsayin cm 26, wutsiyar kuma 12 cm, kuma fikafikan sun kusan 20 cm.
Idanun tsuntsaye manya ne, zagaye, baƙi. Bakin bakin karami ne yayin da yake a rufe. Amma bakin bakin da yake da kansa babba ne - shi ma yana buƙatar kama kwari da dare, a cikin gudu. Bakin yana zagaye da kananan karamomi, amma masu karfi, wanda kwari suke rudewa kai tsaye suna shiga bakin tsuntsu.
Saboda laushin gashin da ke bakin, yawanci ana kiran mafarkin mafarki reticulum.
Muryar wannan tsuntsu tana kama da rawan tarakta, kuma ya sha bamban da rerawar sauran tsuntsaye. A cikin iska, darejars suna ihu da ƙararrawa, suna kuma iya yin ihu, danna ko tafawa a hankali.
Fuskar fuka-fukan ba gaba ɗaya sananniya ba ce. Bayan haka, nightjar, tsuntsuwanda yake ba dare ba rana. Ihun da yake yi na dare da ba a saba gani ba da tashin jirage cikin dare a cikin dare suna yi masa mummunan barkwanci - mutane sun dauke shi a matsayin mugu, kamar mujiya.
Saurari muryar mafarki mai ban tsoro
Labari ya nuna cewa wannan tsuntsun yana tsotse dukkan madarar awaki da daddare kuma yana haifar musu da makanta. nan me yasa aka kira wannan tsuntsu da dare. A zahiri, babu wani abu na irin, tabbas. Kawai dai wannan gashin mai fuka fukai wakili ne na tsuntsaye masu farautar dare, wanda kwari da ke kewaya dabbobin ke jan hankalinsu.
Wannan tsuntsu ya fi dacewa a cikin dazukan dumi na Turai da Yammaci da Tsakiyar Asiya. Mafi yawan lokuta yakan sauka a yankin Arewa maso Yammacin Afrika. Ya sauka a kan Balearic, tsibirin Burtaniya, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, kuma ana iya samun sa a Cyprus da Crete. Hakanan ana samunsa a cikin Caucasus.
Nightjar baya firgita da ƙauyuka; galibi yakan tashi kusa da gonaki da alƙaluman shanu. Wannan ya haifar da labarin sunansa. Kodayake, a zahiri, ana iya bayanin wannan a sauƙaƙe - yana cin abincin dare kwari ne kawai, kuma kwari galibi suna shawagi a kan dabbobi, abincinsu da sharar su. Ya zama cewa a kusa da gonaki yana da sauƙi don mafarki mai mafarki don farauta.
Wannan wakilin mai fuka fukai na gandun daji ba ya son shi - yana da wahala a gare shi ya yi motsi tare da fikafikansa tsakanin rassan da ake yawan samu. Hakanan baya son wuraren dausayi. Amma mafarkin dare yana iya mallakar manyan wurare. A cikin tsaunukan Caucasus, zai iya hawa zuwa 2500 m, kuma a Afirka an lura dashi kwata-kwata a tsawan mita 5000.
Yanayi da salon rayuwar dare
Nightjar tsuntsu ne mai dare. Cikakken rayuwar mafarkin dare yana farawa ne kawai da farkon duhu. Da rana, yakan huta a kan rassan bishiya ko ya sauko cikin ciyawar da ta bushe, inda ya zama ba ya ganuwa kwata-kwata. Kuma da dare ne tsuntsu ke tashi zuwa farauta.
Yana da ban sha'awa cewa akan rassan ba a tsara shi kamar tsuntsayen talakawa ba - a ƙasan reshe, amma tare. Don ƙarin ɓoyewa, har ma ya rufe idanunsa. A lokaci guda, yana haɗuwa sosai da kalar itacen wanda yana da matukar wahala a lura da shi, sai dai idan haɗari yayi karo da shi.
Ana zaune a cikin gandun daji na pine, jakar dare tana iya ɓoye kamanninsu kamar launin itacen itacen
Tana tashi kamar mafarki na dare shiru, cikin sauƙi da sauri. A cikin gudu, ya kwace ganima, don haka dole ne ya daidaita yadda ya kamata kuma ya amsa da saurin walƙiya zuwa bayyanar kwaro. Haka kuma, yana iya ratayewa a wuri ɗaya na dogon lokaci.
Lokacin tashi, ana iya ganin wata siririyar wutsiya da fikafukai masu kaifi a fili, kuma abin farin ciki ne sosai kallon jirgin da kansa. Farautarsa a bayan sararin samaniya da dare yana kama da rawar rawa. Ba kowa ke kulawa da sha'awar irin wannan tashiwar ba, ana ɓoye tsuntsu, kuma banda wannan, yana haifar da rayuwar dare.
Amma a ƙasa yana motsawa sosai. Wannan ya faru ne saboda kasancewar kafafun daren suna gajeru, basu dace da tafiya ba, kuma yatsun kafa sun yi rauni da wannan. Idan akwai haɗari, mafarki mai ban tsoro yana ɓoye kansa kamar yanayin ƙasa. Koyaya, idan wannan bai yi tasiri ba, to tsuntsu ya tashi sama, yana tsere wa bin sa.
Abincin dare na dare
Yana ciyarwa akan mafarkin dare kwari ne kawai, wannan tsuntsu fi son kwari masu tashi. Kowane irin kwari, beetles, butterflies sune babban abincin dare na dare. Koyaya, idan an haɗu da wata ɓaraka, kudan zuma, sauro, ko da kwaro, mafarautan dare ba zai tashi ba.
Wani lokaci idanun mafarki suna haske, ana iya bayanin wannan abin da hasken da ke haskaka shi, amma tsuntsun yakan “haskaka” shi a duk lokacin da yake so, saboda haka babu wanda ya bayyana hasken a yanzu
Dukkanin tsuntsayen an daidaita su ne don neman abincin dare - manya-manyan idanu da kuma babbar baki, wanda ya wuce wanda koda kuda (a ma'anar kalmar) ba zai iya tashi ba, da kuma murda baki a baki. Don abinci ya zama da kyau narkewa, mafarkin dare yana haɗiye ƙananan ƙanƙanuwa ko yashi.
Idan abincin bai narke ba, sai ya maimaita shi, kamar wasu tsuntsaye - owls ko falcons. Yana kama farauta, amma wani lokacin yakan farauta daga reshe.Wannan yakan yi farauta da daddare, amma idan abinci ya yi yawa, tsuntsun zai iya hutawa.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na dare
Daga Mayu zuwa Yuli (ya danganta da mazaunin tsuntsu), ana samun matsala ta hanyar kwana. Na farko, makonni biyu kafin isowar mace, mafarki mai ban tsoro na maza ya isa wurin nest. Don jan hankalin mace, mafarkin dare ya fara kadawa, kada fuka-fukansa da nuna gwanintarsa a tashi.
Mace, ta zaɓi biyu don kanta, tana yawo a wurare da yawa inda za'a iya kama su. Wadannan tsuntsayen ba sa yin gida. Suna neman wuri a ƙasa inda ake yin ganyaye, ciyawa da kowane irin yanki a yanayi, inda za'a iya saka ƙwai. Mace zata ƙyanƙyashe kajin a ƙasa, suna haɗuwa da murfin ƙasa.
Lokacin da aka sami irin wannan wurin, ana yin jima'i a can. Bayan wani lokaci, mafarkin mace na yin kwai guda 2 sai ta shafe su da kanta. Gaskiya ne, wani lokacin namiji na iya maye gurbin ta. Ba a haifi kajin tsirara ba, tuni an rufe su da lema kuma suna iya bin bayan mahaifiyarsu.
Kuma bayan kwanaki 14, sababbin jarirai sun fara koyon tashi sama. Tsawon mako guda, kananan rigunan bacci suna ƙoƙari su mallaki hadaddun hikimar gudu, kuma a ƙarshen mako suna iya tashi sama da kansu a kan gajerun hanyoyi.
Za'a iya tsawaita lokacin shugabantar dare na dare zuwa dukkan watannin bazara
Kuma bayan kwana 35, suna da wata ɗaya kawai ko sama da haka, suna tashi daga gidan iyayensu har abada kuma suna fara rayuwa da kansu. Gaskiya ne, su da kansu sun zama iyaye ne kawai shekara ɗaya bayan haihuwa. Irin wannan saurin ci gaban kajin yana da alaƙa da ɗan gajeren rayuwar mafarki mai ban tsoro - shekaru 6 kawai.
