Solongoy dabba ce. Solongoy salon rayuwa da mazauni

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A cikin duniyar zamani, muna da ƙarancin tunani game da wani abu banda damuwar mu. Amma wani lokacin ya zama dole mu juya hankalinmu zuwa matsalolin da ba su kusa da mu - ga dabbobin da ke cikin hatsari.

Mun rasa mutane da yawa har abada, amma da yawa daga cikin wakilan fauna da aka lissafa a cikin Littafin Ja sun tsira saboda ƙoƙarin mutane masu kulawa. A yau zamuyi magana game da daya daga cikin wakilan wadannan dabbobi masu kariya da kariya - gishiri.

Solongoy mazaunin

Wannan karamin wakilin mustelids din yana zaune galibi a yankin Asiya ta Tsakiya, gabashin gabashin Asiya ta tsakiya, a kudu da Gabas ta Tsakiya da kuma kudancin Siberia. Daga cikin keɓaɓɓun mazaunin solongoy a wannan lokacin, mutum na iya yin suna duwatsu da tuddai na Tien Shan, Tarbagatai, Altai, Pamir.

A Rasha, yana zaune a Primorye, Territory Khabarovsk, Yankin Amur da Transbaikalia. Ya kasu kashi-kashi da yawa dangane da wuraren zama. Don haka akwai Pamir, Sinanci, Transbaikal ruwan gishiri.

Nau'ikan daban sun bambanta yafi a cikin launi na Jawo. An hada dabbobi a ciki Littattafan Ja Yankin Yammacin Yammacin Yammaci, Yankin Primorsky, kuma yana ƙarƙashin kariya a cikin yankin Irkutsk.

Ya fi so ya zauna a cikin shimfidar wurare masu duwatsu inda ciyayi basu da kyau. Misali, ya zabi dutsen Daur a cikin Yankin Yankin Yahudu. Hakanan yana iya zama a cikin tsaunuka da tuddai mai tsayi. Yankuna masu dausayi kawai basa son sa.

Yana son zama a cikin raƙuman duwatsu, fasa tsakanin duwatsu, a cikin ramuka na bishiyoyi ko burbushin da aka watsar. Wurin zama na kifin gishiri na iya canzawa, amma ba ya canza abubuwan da yake so.

An samo alamun rayuwarsa a tsawan mita 3500 sama da matakin teku a tsaunukan Pamir. Zamu iya cewa solongoi suna da nutsuwa sosai game da mutane, don haka suna iya zama kusa da gonaki ko gidan mutum.

Bayyanar Solongoy

Tunda na na weasel ne, da alama ya kamata ne ya zama ga kowane jinsi na wannan dangi. Girman dabbar yana daga 21-28 cm, kuma wutsiya kuwa ta kasance cm 10-15. Suna auna kimanin gram 250-370.

Mata sun fi ƙanƙanta kaɗan. Dabbar tana da gajerun kafafu, jiki yana da tsayi kuma yana da sassauci, jelar tana da taushi a lokacin hunturu, Jawo gajere ne kuma mai kauri. Gabaɗaya, waɗannan halittu masu kyau ne kuma masu kyau, kamar yadda mahaɗa za su iya hukunci hoto solongoy.

Dabbobin suna kama da ferret, amma ba su da tabarau a fuskokinsu, kuma kunnuwansu sun fi zagaye. ZUWA bayanin solongoy yana da kyau a ƙara cewa sun canza launin fata daga bazara zuwa hunturu, kuma nau'uka daban-daban sun bambanta da juna a cikin inuwar ulu. Solongoi ruwan kasa ne mai duhu da zaitun kuma mai haske, mai yashi.

Rayuwar Solongoy

Solongoy dabba ce mai himma, a koyaushe tana motsi, tana gudu da sauri, duk da gajerun kafafunta, tana iyo sosai kuma tana hawa bishiyoyi, tana kama rassan tana yin haushi da dogayen kayoyi masu kaifi.

Ayyukansa, dare da rana, ana nufin abinci ne. A lokacin hunturu, lokacin da abinci bashi da sauƙin samu, mai farauta zai iya zuwa gidan mutum, kuma ya lalata ajiyar sa da kaji.

Kawar da maƙwabcin da ba a so ba zai zama da sauƙi ba - Solongoi 'yan adawa ne masu ɓarna. A lokacin da aka ba shi izinin farauta, ƙwararrun masanan ne kawai waɗanda suka san halayensa suka je farautar. Sun yi amfani da karnuka da tarko don kamun kifi. Amma, idan yana iya sauƙaƙe tare da kaji, to, mujiya da shaho su ne abokan gaba na halitta.

Lokacin da haɗari ya bayyana, dabbar tana ɓoyewa, kuma idan babu wata mafaka da ta dace, tana ƙoƙari ta kare kanta da ƙararrawa da tsoratarwa da yin amfani da ƙwanƙwasawa waɗanda za su fitar da wari mara daɗi.

A wasu lokuta, mai farautar ya bar shi shi kadai. Saloon mai aiki yayin rana ba shi da madawwamin gida, amma yana hutawa a kowane wuri da yake so. Amma duk da haka, wani keɓaɓɓen mutum yana rayuwa daban kuma a kan yankin sa. Wani lokaci, a cikin gwagwarmayar neman wuri a ƙarƙashin rana, salmonoi ya tsira daga yankinta, ginshiƙai masu ƙarfi ko kuskure.

Irin wannan sirrin gland din da ke gindin wutsiya yana taimakawa alamar yankin kuma don haka sadarwa tare da 'yan uwansu. Baya ga wari, solongoi na iya sadarwa ta hanyar sautin sautin da suke yi don fadakar da abokan zama game da hadari.

Abinci

Duk da cewa yana aiki a kowane lokaci na rana, ya fi so farauta da yamma. Solongoy ya zame cikin sauri kuma ya daidaita tsakanin tushe, a cikin tarkacen duwatsu da kuma guguwar iska.

Abincin ya bambanta, kuma koyaushe yana farautar abincinsa. Don neman abinci, yana iya taimakawa ta ikon gudu da sauri, kuma kaifi mai kaifi baya barin wata cuta.

Mafi yawancin lokuta, ƙananan beraye, voles, hamsters, pikas, da gophers sun hau teburin. Amma kuma yana iya kamo maskrat, zomo, zomo. Ba ya ƙyamar katantanwa, kwadi, kwari. Yana cin ƙwai da kajin.

Babban mutum yana buƙatar kusan gram 50 na abinci kowace rana, wanda yake kusan ƙananan rodents 3-4. Amma galibi ba haka bane, mai farautar yana samun abinci fiye da yadda yake buƙata.

Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai

Lokacin da lokacin kiwo ya zo, mazan sukan yi fada da juna tsakanin mace. Sau da yawa, dabbar da ta fi rauni ta mutu a yaƙi. Wannan yana faruwa a cikin Fabrairu-Maris. Mace mai ciki takan sami gidan gida ta hanyar zabar tsofaffin ramuka na itace, gurbi ko burbur.

Mata suna yin 1a 1an 1-8 bayan kwanaki 35-50 na ciki. An kwikwiyo an haife su da makanta kuma an rufe su da siraran siradi. Bayan wata guda, yaran sun buɗe idanunsu kuma sun gudu daga cikin gida don yin wasa. Ana ciyar da jarirai madara na kimanin watanni 2.

Sannan suna koyon farauta kuma bayan watanni uku sun fara rayuwa da kansu. A dabi'a, solongoi yana rayuwa tsawon shekaru 3-5, cikin bautar shekaru 5-10. Idan mukayi magana game da fa'idodi ga mutane, to gishirin gishiri ne yake kawo shi, yana kashe beraye masu cutarwa.

Amma idan ya samu dabi'ar yawo da kaji, to zai yi matukar wahala a kiyaye shi daga wannan dabbar. Har zuwa shekaru 50. fur din dabbar yana da daraja, kodayake ba irin na sable bane, amma har yanzu ana gudanar da farautar kasuwanci akan sa.

Amma yanzu, lokacin da yawan jama'a ke fuskantar barazana, kusan an daina farautar, kuma da yawa daga cikin Red Data Books yanzu suna da sunan sa. A halin yanzu, babban hatsarin da ke tattare da kifin gishirin shi ne yadda mutane suka mayar da wuraren farautar ta zuwa gonakin noma.

Hakanan, kishiya ga yanki tare da shafi, wanda ke farauta a wuri ɗaya kamar ruwan gishiri, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Amma tunda akwai ginshiƙai da yawa da suka fi ƙarfi, gwarzonmu ba zai iya yin nasara a wannan yaƙin ba.

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Kalli bidiyon: 1 ALBISHIRIN KU MAAURATA MASU HAKURI (Nuwamba 2024).