Bayani da siffofin jerboa
Jerboas dabbobi masu shayarwa ne waɗanda ke cikin tsarin beraye, kamar ɓeraye ko kurege. Suna zaune a kusan dukkanin duwatsu, duka a cikin tsaunuka da cikin tsaunukan arctic, galibi ana samun su jerboa a cikin hamada... Wannan yana nuna kyakkyawan tsarin karbuwa na wannan dabba, wanda aka gwada shi ta hanyar juyin halitta.
Jerboa Zai iya zama karami ko matsakaici, wato, girman sa ya bambanta daga santimita huɗu zuwa ashirin da ashirin da biyar a cikin manya. Ba su taɓa yin girma ba.
Suna da wutsiya mai tsawon isa don girman jikinsu, wanda zai iya bambanta, ya danganta da jinsi da girman mutum, daga santimita bakwai zuwa talatin. Mafi yawan lokuta, a ƙarshen wutsiya, suna da burushi mai laushi, wanda ke yin aikin jigon wutsiya yayin gudu da sauri.
Kan jerboa yawanci babba ne; a kan asalin sa, kusan wuyan dabba ba a iya gani. An fasalta siffar bakin bakin, kuma kunnuwa sun fi girma da yawa. Wannan surar kunnuwa tana bayar da damar watsa zafi yayin tsananin da dogon gudu. Spaananan raƙuman gashi suna girma akan kunnuwa.
A kan babban kan dabbar akwai manyan idanu. An rufe jikin da furci mai kauri da laushi sosai, mafi yawan lokaci launin shuɗi ko launin ruwan kasa mai haske. Jerboa na iya samun hakora goma sha shida zuwa goma sha takwas a cikin bakinsa.
Abubuwan da ke cikin waɗannan berayen ana buƙatar su ne don dalilai biyu, na farko, don abinci mai ƙarfi, kuma, na biyu, don sassauta ƙasa, lokacin ƙirƙirar ramuka a cikin ƙasa. Bayan nika, suna cire ƙasa da ƙafafunsu.
Dabbar jerboa hibernates a cikin daji a cikin hunturu, kamar a karshen watan Satumba har zuwa lokacin aiki snowmelt a cikin Maris. Saboda gaskiyar cewa jerboas masu gudu ne masu ban mamaki, suna da ƙafafun baya masu ƙarfi sosai, kuma tsawonsu, idan aka kwatanta da na gaba, ya danganta da nau'in, ya ninka har sau huɗu.
A cikin hoton akwai babbar jerboa
Kaɗan ne kawai daga cikinsu ke motsawa a dukkan ƙafafun guda huɗu, amma fa idan ba su gudu ba. Lokacin gudu, tsayin tsalle ya kai mita uku. Bonesasusuwa cikin ƙafafun bayan-baya sun girma daga uku zuwa ɗaya yayin juyin halitta, ƙafa ya yi tsayi, kuma yatsun gefe na gefe sun kifar. Legafaffun goshin baya gajere sosai tare da kaifi da dogaye ƙusoshi.
Lokacin da suke motsawa cikin sauri, wutsiyarsu tana aiki kamar abin birgewa, kuma hakan yana taimakawa daidaita daidaito lokacin tsalle. Hakanan ya ƙunshi maiko mai yawa kamar raƙuma ko kayan masarufi, wanda ke ba ku damar tsira da ɓarna da wahala.
Mai rikodin saurin gudu shine babban jerboa, yana haɓaka saurin zuwa kilomita hamsin a kowace awa. Shima shine mafi girma daga cikinsu. Tsawonsa, gami da jela, ya kai rabin mita, kuma nauyinsa ya kai gram ɗari uku.
Lokacin da mazauni ya canza daga yamma zuwa gabas, launin jiki yakan canza a cikin jerboas, kuma daga arewa zuwa kudu, girman jiki yana raguwa, kuma kunnuwa, akasin haka, ya zama babba.
Jerboa dabba ce ta dare, kamar yadda girman kunnuwa da manyan idanu suka nuna. Manyan idanu suna ɗaukar ƙarin haske, wanda zai taimaka muku cikin duhu, kuma kunnuwanku zasu iya taimaka muku karɓar ƙarin sauti.
Sun bar kabarinsu rabin sa'a bayan faduwar rana, duk daren suna kokarin neman abinci, suna tafiya har zuwa kilomita biyar, kuma kusan awa daya kafin wayewar gari sai su koma masaukin da za su yi bacci duk tsawon ranar.
Dabbobi da mazauninsu
Dogon kunne jerboa, hoto waxanda suke da yaxuwa a cikin raga, mafi kankanta, har santimita ashirin da biyar tare da jela, wanda yakai tsayin cm 16. Idanunsu sun fi na wasu nau'in. Kunnuwa suna da tsayi - kai ƙasa zuwa ƙananan baya.
Tsarin kwarangwal dinsu yana nuni da cewa jinsin ya dadaddu ne, tunda akwai dadadden fasali. Mazaunin wannan jinsin jeji ne da ke da saxaul - Xinjiang da Alshani. Dabbobin suna da sha'awa sosai, galibi sukan hau cikin tanti zuwa makiyaya.
Ana samun babban jerboa a cikin yankunan gandun daji da kuma arewacin yankunan hamada na yammacin Siberia, Kazakhstan da wasu yankuna na Yammacin Turai, Altai da Ob. Babban jerboas a cikin daji yana ɗauke da cututtuka da yawa, misali:
- tularemia;
- annoba;
- Q zazzabi.
Babba jejin jeji su ma suna zama, suna kwana cikin kabura, tun da sun iya aikin haƙa gwal. A cikin daji, kusan dukkan su masu kadaita ne, suna sadarwa tare da dangin su ne kawai a lokacin saduwa.
A cikin hoton akwai jerboa mai kunnuwan kunne
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Bayan fitowa daga rashin bacci a tsakiyar Maris ko farkon Afrilu, lokacin kiwo don manyan jerboas zai fara. Mace takan kawo litter daya ko biyu a kowace shekara, kowannensu yana da onea onea ɗaya zuwa takwas.
Lokacin haihuwa bai wuce wata daya ba, kimanin kwana ashirin da biyar kenan. Tare da mahaifiyarsu, ba za su fi wata biyu ba, bayan sun tashi. Bayan shekara biyu, sai su balaga.
Tsammani na rayuwa a cikin daji, a matsakaici, gajere ne sosai - da wuya ya fi shekaru uku. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa suna da abokan gaba da yawa; a cikin fursuna, tsawon rayuwarsu yana ƙaruwa sosai.
Abincin jerboas ya hada da tushen da suke samu yayin hakar ramuka, 'ya'yan itace, kayan marmari, kayan lambu, hatsi daga hatsi, amma, ƙari, har ila yau, tsutsotsi, larvae, kwari da za a iya kamawa. Jerboas canzawa daga abincin kayan lambu zuwa abincin dabbobi cikin sauƙin.
Jerboa a gida
Lokacin da aka tsare a cikin bautar, ya zama dole a yi mink don jerboa, inda zai iya ɓoyewa ga kowa da rana. Suna da tsabta sosai gida jerboa, Idan har yanzu kun yanke shawara akan shi, dabba mai tsafta, yana aiwatar da dukkan "lamuran sa" a can nesa mafi nisa.
A gare su, ya zama dole a sami ruwa mai tsabta a cikin keji, da isasshen abinci. Kamar yadda shi jerboas na gida suna da matukar son hatsi, 'ya'yan itatuwa, tsaba iri, burodin burodi, kowane irin ganye, kayan lambu, kwari iri daban-daban, misali, ciyawar fara, kuda, tsutsotsi da sauransu.
Jerboa hotuna, wanda aka sa shi a cikin keji ba sabon abu bane, amma bai kamata kayi wannan ba. Jerboas suna buƙatar gudu da yawa, don haka idan ba ku kasance a shirye ku bar shi ya tashi kyauta na dare ba, to ya fi kyau kada ku fara shi kwata-kwata.
