A cikin tekunan arewacin, zaku iya samun wata dabba mai shayarwa wacce ake kira "beluga". Wannan dabbar ita ce hanyar haɗin mahaɗa tsakanin dolphin da whale. Siffofin waje suna da kamanni kama da dabbar dolfin, amma a girma suna kama da whale. A rayuwar yau da kullun ana kiransa "iyakacin duniya dolphin».
Fasali da mazaunin belha whales
Beluga whale (daga Lat. Delphinapterus leucas) babban dabbobi ne masu shayarwa, dangin narwhal, nau'ikan - haƙoran whales. Dabbar dolfin ana yin la’akari da ita saboda mazauninta - tekunan Arewacin Tekun Arewa da kuma magudanar ruwa.
Rarraba yanki ne (digiri 50-80 a latitti arewa). Belukha yana rayuwa a cikin tekuna masu zuwa: Bering, White, Okhotsk, wani lokacin yakan shiga Tekun Baltic. A lokacin ambaliyar ruwa tana iya isa rafuka: Ob, Yenisei, Lena. A cewar wasu rahotanni, akwai keɓaɓɓen yawan beluga whale a cikin kogin St. Lawrence.
Yana da girma a girma: namiji ya kai tsawon mita 6, mace - har zuwa mita 5. Jikin jeri ya kasance daga tan 1.5 zuwa tan 2. Wani fasali na dolfin doluga shine kansa, wanda baya bashi damar rikicewa da wani.
Hakanan zai iya juya kansa, wanda ba shi da mahimmanci ga whale. Ana sauƙaƙa wannan ta ƙananan ƙwayoyin mahaifa. Abubuwan da ke ƙira a kirjin suna oval, ƙarami a cikin girma. Whale na Beluga, sabanin dolphin, ba su da cin tara a bayansu, shi ya sa ma ake kiransu “dolphins marasa fuka-fuka”.
Launi dolphin beluga bambanta kuma ya dogara da tsohuwar alaƙa. Bornan da aka haifa ne kawai shuɗi da shuɗi mai duhu. Mutanen da suka kai shekara guda sun zama marasa haske, sun sami launin toka ko launin toka mai haske. Wani lokaci launi yana canzawa zuwa launi mai haske mara kyau. Wakilan jama'ar dake da shekaru 3-5 tsarkakakku ne farare.
Yanayi da salon rayuwar beluga whales
Belugas sukan tattara cikin garken tumaki. Sungiyoyi suna da kusan kamar wannan: mace da ɗiya ko maza da yawa maza. Hanyar rayuwa ta kasance cikin ƙaurawar yanayi na yau da kullun.
A cikin hunturu, suna ƙoƙarin kiyayewa zuwa gefen ruwan sanyi. Sau da yawa a lokacin hunturu, garken tumaki beluga Ana ɗaure shi da kankara mai yawa kuma saboda yawancinsa ya ƙare da bala'i. Oftenungiyoyi galibi suna ƙaura zuwa kudu lokacin da murfin yana da kankara mai kauri sosai.
A lokacin bazara, garken garken a hankali suna motsawa zuwa ruwa mara zurfi, zuwa tsattsauran ra'ayi, bays, fjords. Wannan halayyar saboda sanadin shekara ne. Suna cire saman mataccen ta hanyar shafawa akan pebbles ko bankuna masu wuya.
Ana yin ƙaura koyaushe tare da hanya ɗaya. Gaskiyar ita ce beluga dolphin yana tuna wurin haihuwarsa kuma yana ƙoƙarin komawa can duk shekara. Beluga ana iya ɗaukarsa cikakkiyar cikakkiyar halitta a cikin rukuni. Domin sun inganta sadarwa sosai: tare da taimakon sautuka, yanayin jiki da yanayin fuska.
Masana kimiyya sun kirga har sauti iri daban-daban guda 50 da wannan dabba za ta iya yi. Masu jirgin suna kira whale beluga "Canary na teku." Halin dabba yana da kyakkyawar dabi'a, wannan yana bayyana ainihin kwatankwacin dabbar dolfin. Daidai mai dacewa ga horo, sau da yawa zaka iya ganin wasan kwaikwayo na circus mai ban sha'awa tare da sa hannun su. Akwai sanannun lokuta game da ceton ɗan adam iyakacin duniya dolphin.
Beluga kifin Whale
Belukha mai shayarwa yafi ciyar da kifi. Ba a cin abinci ta hanyar kame gawar, amma ta hanyar tsotse shi tare da ruwa. Babban mutum, a matsakaita, yana cin kifi har kilogram 15 kowace rana.
Yana ciyar da ƙasa sau da yawa akan ɓawon burodi da plankton. Yana son wakilan kifin sosai, yana shirye ya yi ƙaura bayan su ta hanyar dubban kilomita da yawa. Saboda wannan, galibi yana yin iyo a cikin rafuka masu zurfi da manyan raƙuman ruwa.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na beluga whales
Lokacin farin ciki na soyayya don belugas yana farawa a cikin zangon bazara-bazara. Don yin wannan, sun zaɓi yankunan da suka fi shuru. Anan suka haɗu da zuriya suka bayyana. Sau da yawa, maza suna yin yaƙi da mutunci don kulawar mace. Balaga tsakanin jima'i a cikin maza yana faruwa ne tun yana da shekaru 7-9, kuma a mata - a shekaru 4-7.
Mace iyakacin duniya dolphin beluga yana ɗauke da cuba cuba na tsawon watanni 14. Arin yana gudana sau ɗaya a kowace shekara biyu zuwa uku. Mace tana haihuwa cikin ruwan dumi, kusa da gabar teku.
Ciyar da jariri da madara na tsawon watanni 12-24. A haihuwa, theayan ya kai tsawon mita 1.5. Tagwaye suna da wuya. Wahalan Beluga sun daina haihuwa a cikin shekarunsu na ashirin. Matsakaicin shekarun da dabbobi masu shayarwa suka kai shine a cikin shekaru 30 zuwa 40. Babban fa'idar beluga whale shine tsananin laulayinsa da dodgewa.
Saurin saurin balagaggu ya isa 3-9 km / h, lokacin da ya firgita - har zuwa 22 km / h. Ikon kasancewa cikin nutsuwa ba tare da iska ba na kimanin minti 15. Kowane minti daya da rabi sai suka kware don fitar da numfashi.
Ganin belugas yayi ƙasa, don haka suna karɓar bayani game da abubuwa kusa da su ta amfani da wurin amsa kuwwa. Suna fitar da tsauraran abubuwa masu kara (akwai jakunkunan iska na musamman). Wani bangare na kwakwalwa yana karanta dukkan bayanai game da abubuwan da ke kusa. Wannan ya ƙunshi ruwan tabarau na kwalliya a goshin.
Lokacin mafi haɗari don iyakacin duniya dolphin - wannan lokacin hunturu ne Baya ga gaskiyar cewa garken tumaki na iya fada cikin bautar kankara, suna da abokan gaba na halitta. Mafi haɗari shine kishirwar kisa. Abu ne mai wuya ka ɓoye mata kuma yawanci bin sa yana ƙarewa da gazawa. Sabili da haka, ƙirar ƙirar beluga ba ta yin iyo da nisa cikin teku.
Wani mai haɗari mai haɗari wanda yake son cin abinci a kan beluga whales shine polar bear. A lokacin hunturu na dabbobi masu shayarwa, yakan kula dasu kusa da bakin ruwa kuma ya sanya dabbar ta motse tare da kaɗa ƙafarta mai tafin hannu.
Kwanan nan, wani mummunan yanayin ya bayyana wanda ya rage yawan waɗannan dabbobin - mahalli. Ana shigar da dumbin abubuwa masu guba mai guba a cikin ruwan teku, wanda ke sa garken garken yin ƙaura zuwa wurare masu sanyi sosai. Su ne waɗanda galibi suka zama tarko ga adadi mai yawa na mutane; dabbar larabawa kawai ke daskarewa a cikin teku.
Beluga whale - wanda aka fi so da masu sauraro a cikin manyan akwatinan ruwa. Dabbar da yardar rai tana tuntuɓar juna, tana ɗaukar hoto kuma tana ba da damar ɗaukar hoto. Yana da kyau a cikin fursuna kuma babban makwabci ne ga sauran mazaunan akwatin kifaye.
Sau da yawa zaka ga belugas suna yin wasan a circus, suna yin kyakkyawan aiki, suna da sauƙin horo. Kunnawa hoton beluga juya ya zama fari fat kamar dusar ƙanƙara, kamar mala'iku suna saukowa cikin ruwa.
