Ruwa ya ƙazantu fiye da shekaru dubu biyu. Kuma idan tun da farko mutane ba su lura da wannan matsalar ba, a yau ta kai matakin duniya. Yana da wuya a ce ko akwai koguna da ke da ruwa mai yawa ko ƙasa da haka, sun dace don amfani ba tare da tsarkakewa na farko ba, a duniyar.
Tushen gurbataccen kogi
Babban dalilin gurbatar kogin shi ne ci gaban aiki da ci gaban rayuwar zamantakewar al'umma da tattalin arziki a bankunan jikin ruwa. An fara kafa shi ne a shekarar 1954 cewa gurbataccen ruwa ya zama dalilin cututtukan mutane. Sannan an samo tushen mummunan ruwa, wanda ya haifar da annobar kwalara a London. Gabaɗaya, akwai hanyoyin gurɓataccen yanayi da yawa. Bari mu tsaya a kan mafi mahimmancin su:
- ruwan sharar gida daga biranen da ke da yawan jama'a;
- agochemistry da magungunan qwari;
- foda da kayayyakin tsaftacewa;
- sharar gida da shara;
- ruwan sharar masana'antu;
- mahadi sunadarai;
- zubewar kayayyakin mai.
Sakamakon gurbacewar kogi
Duk waɗannan hanyoyin da ke sama suna canza haɓakar haɓakar ruwa, rage adadin oxygen. Dogaro da gurɓataccen yanayi, yawan algae a cikin kogunan yana ƙaruwa, wanda hakan ke raba dabbobi da kifi. Wannan yana haifar da canji a mazaunin kifaye da sauran mazauna kogin, amma yawancin jinsuna suna mutuwa kawai.
Ruwa mara kyau mara kyau ya magance shi sosai kafin shiga tsarin samar da ruwa. Ana amfani dashi don sha. A sakamakon haka, al'amuran mutane suna kan karuwa saboda sun sha ruwan da ba shi da magani. Shan gurbataccen ruwa a kai a kai na taimaka wa fitowar wasu cututtuka masu saurin yaduwa. Wasu lokuta, wasu mutane ba za su san cewa abin da ke haifar da matsalolin kiwon lafiya ruwa ne mai datti.
Tsarkake ruwa a koguna
Idan aka bar matsalar gurɓata kogi yadda yake, to da yawa daga cikin ruwa na iya daina tsarkake kansu da wanzuwa. Yakamata a gudanar da matakan tsarkakewa a matakin jiha a kasashe da dama, a girka wasu tsarukan tsarkakewa, ana aiwatar da matakai na musamman don tsarkake ruwa. Koyaya, zaku iya kiyaye rayuwarku da lafiyarku ta shan ruwa mai tsafta kawai. Don wannan, mutane da yawa suna amfani da matatun tsaftacewa. Babban abin da kowannenmu zai iya yi shi ne kada a jefa shara a cikin rafuka kuma ya taimaka wajen kiyaye halittun ruwa, amfani da kayayyakin tsaftacewa da wankin foda. Ya kamata a tuna cewa cibiyoyin rayuwa sun samo asali ne daga rafin kogi, saboda haka ya zama dole a inganta ci gaban wannan rayuwar ta kowace hanya.
