Son kai Wani abu ne wanda baƙon abu daga zurfin teku, wanda, saboda godiyarsa ga jikinsa mai juzu'i tare da fuka-fuki, yayi kama da wata halitta mai banƙyama wacce ba ta da asali. Yana zaune a cikin zurfin gaske kuma, kamar mala'ika na gaske, yana cikin gwagwarmaya mara ƙarfi tare da "ƙungiyoyin duhu" - kifin monkf. Kowane taro tare da wannan mala'ika mai tashi abin birgewa ne.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Angelfish
Angelfish, wanda sunansa na biyu shine arewacin klion, shine babban ƙwayar katuwar ciki, wanda ke cikin umarnin waɗanda suke tsirara. Tsawon lokaci an yi imani da cewa dukkanin waɗannan halittun ruwa masu yawa wakilai ne na jinsin guda, amma a cikin 1990 an kafa independenceancin 'yanci na arewacin da kudancin mutanen molluscs. Klions na Arewa dabbobi ne masu ban tsoro waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin ginshiƙan ruwa da kuma samansa.
Bidiyo: Son kai
Gastropods, wanda abin takaici yake, ya bayyana a zamanin Cambrian - kimanin shekaru miliyan 500 da suka gabata. Akwai nau'ikan halittu sama da 1,700, wadanda 320 daga cikinsu sun riga sun kare, wasu kuma suna dab da bacewa. An yi imanin cewa rukuni na waɗannan molluscs sun samo asali ne daga tushen ƙungiyar masu karkacewa ko waɗanda ke karkacewa.
Shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, mutane sun cinye mollusks a raye, kuma sun kasance tushen kayan aiki daban-daban, kamar lu'lu'u, shuɗi. Wasu kifin kifin suna da haɗari ga mutane, saboda suna samar da guba mafi ƙarfi. A wannan batun, mala'ikan teku wani tsaka-tsakin yanayi ne, mara amfani ga mutum, wanda kawai ke birge shi da kyawunsa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Lura da motsin zuciyar mala'ikan teku, yana da wuya a yi tunanin cewa shi tsohon katantanwa ne wanda danginsa na kusa sune zana da ake samu a kowane lambu.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hoto: Yaya kallon mutum yake
Jikin mala'ikan teku yana da tsayi, bayyane. Matsakaicin girman manya shine cm 2-4. Mala'ikan bashi da kwasfa, gill, ko rami.
An sassaka kan wannan halittar daga saniya, an kawata ta da tanti hudu:
- ɗayan tanti biyu da ke kusa da buɗe bakin;
- biyu na biyu, wadanda a kan idanunsu suke, suna tashi a bayan kai;
- kafar mollusk ba ta nan, kuma a maimakon haka sai kananan tsiro biyu ne kawai - parapodia, wadanda suke kama da fuka-fukai.
Godiya ga parapodia, dabbar ta sami sabon suna. Abubuwan da suka ɓullo suna haɓaka yayin motsi na arewacin klion, kuma a haɗe tare da bayin mollusk, an ƙirƙiri ra'ayin halittar mala'ika mai tashi a cikin ruwa.
Fuka-fukan mala'iku faranti ne na sirara a cikin sifar pentagons mara tsari, waɗanda aka haɗe a ginshiƙan su zuwa jikin mollusk. Tsawon paropodia a cikin manyan samfuran ya kai 5 mm kuma kaurin kusan ƙananan microns 250.
Mollusk yana motsawa a cikin ruwan teku tare da taimakon ƙungiyoyin kwalliyar aiki tare na ƙwayoyin parapodia. A cikin asalin fuka-fuki akwai ramin jiki tare da manyan jijiyoyi. A cikin jaka biyu da aka haɗu a bakin mala'ika akwai ƙugiyoyi masu ƙyama, tare da taimakon abin da aiwatar da ciyar da mollusk ke gudana.
Ina angelfish ke zaune?
Photo: Son kai a cikin teku
Mala'ikun teku suna rayuwa galibi a cikin raƙuman ruwan sanyi na arewacin duniya:
- Tekun Arctic;
- Ruwan Tekun Pacific;
- Tekun Atlantika.
Angelfish, wanda aka samo a cikin ruwan dumi kuma aka ware shi azaman jinsin daban, suna da bayyananniyar sifa kuma ba safai suka wuce santimita 2 ba. Klions na Arewa dabbobi ne masu zurfin teku, ana iya samun manya cikin zurfin mita 200-400. Yawancin masu ruwa da iri suna da damar da za su lura da waɗannan halittun da ba a saba gani ba a cikin mazauninsu.
A lokacin hadari, sukan nitse har ƙasa, saboda ba su iyo sosai. Masanan Ichthyologists sun lura cewa a cikin zurfin mala'iku na teku gaba ɗaya sun daina neman abinci kuma zasu iya zama ba tare da abinci ba na dogon lokaci. Yawan kitse yana kare su daga daskarewa. Mala'ikun larvae ko veligers, polytrochial wadanda, suna kusa da farfajiya, basa taɓa faduwa ƙasa da mita 200.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Mala'ikan teku da haruffan almara-wanda aka kirkira a cikin hotonsa sune manyan jarumawan littattafan yara da yawa a Japan. Abubuwan tunawa, zane-zane, kayan ado da sauran abubuwa an yi su da hoton sa. Hoton Pokémon (ƙarni na 4) wanda yara suka sani duk an halicce shi gaba ɗaya bisa ga bayyanar wannan halittar teku.
Yanzu kun san inda aka sami ɓacin rai. Bari mu ga abin da wannan kayan kwalliyar ke ci.
Menene angelfish yake ci?
Hotuna: Angelfish mollusk
Duk da bayyanar mala'ikan, mollusk mahaukaci ne. Abincin manya da yara masu tasowa ya ƙunshi shaiɗanu na teku - ƙwallon ƙafa mai ƙafafu tare da harsashi, waɗanda ake ɗauka cewa dangin su ne na kusa. Tsarin farauta da kansa yana karatu sosai kuma abin birgewa ne, kwatankwacin hotuna daga fina-finai masu ban tsoro.
Lokacin da klion na arewa ya kusanci abin farautarsa, kansa ya kasu kashi biyu kuma ana fitar da mazugi na ƙugiya ko ƙugiya. Tanti din suna kama bawon kifin monkfish tare da saurin walƙiya suna manne da shi sosai. Don fara cin abinci, mollusk ɗin yana buƙatar karkatar da bawon harsashin wanda aka azabtar, kuma saboda wannan sai ya tafi dabara, yana sassauta rikonsa na dakika biyu. Kifin monkf ya yanke shawarar cewa an sake shi kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin tserewa, yana bayyana ɗan ƙaramin harsashi, amma mollusk mai farautar ya sake kamawa ya matse, a hankali ya ƙaddamar da ƙugiyarsa a ciki.
Bayan ya ture tebur din gaba daya, mala'ikan teku yana manne da laushin laushin wanda aka azabtar ya kuma shigar da su cikin bakin bakinsa har sai da ya gama tsabtace kwarin. Tare da taimakon grater chitinous wanda yake a cikin bakin, abinci ya zama laushi mai laushi. Don cin abinci guda ɗaya, mai farautar yakan ciyar daga mintina da yawa zuwa awa ɗaya, gwargwadon ƙwarewar mollusk, girman abin farauta. Tsutsayen klion na arewa suna cin abinci akan phytoplankton, kuma a cikin kwanaki 2-3 bayan haihuwa, suna matsawa zuwa tsutsa na kifin monkfish.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Hotuna: Wing-legged angelfish
Mala'ikun teku suna cikin motsi na nutsuwa koyaushe rayuwarsu. Wani lokaci, galibi yayin lokacin saduwa, suna taruwa cikin manyan garken tumaki kuma yawansu ya wuce mutane 300 a kowace murabba'in mita. A wannan lokacin, su da kansu sun zama saukin ganima ga wasu nau'in kifin.
Molluscs an rarrabe su ta hanyar wadatar zuci da kashe shaitanun aljanun 500 a cikin kaka daya. Suna buƙatar adana mai, saboda wani lokacin dole ne suyi rashin abinci tsawon lokaci. Ana saukad da digo na kitse a bayyane ta jikin dabba kuma suna kama da farin ɗigon. Klions na arewa basa iyo sosai, saboda haka motsi na ruwa yana tasiri sosai akan yanayin motsin su.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Idan angelfish ba zai iya cire wanda aka azabtar nan da nan ba, tunda an buge shi a cikin zurfinsa, to ba zai bari ya daɗe ba, yana jan shi a kansa har sai shaidan na teku ya mutu.
Lokacin da klion na arewa ke fama da yunwa, kuma babu isasshen abinci a kusa, tana iya kokarin karɓar abinci daga dangin ta, wanda ya riga ya kama shaidan. Tura shi, sai ya tilasta sakin abin da ya kama kuma nan da nan ya cafke bawon wanda aka azabtar. A wasu lokuta, abota ta yi nasara - mollusks masu yunwa suka saki kifin kifin kuma suka tafi neman sabon wanda aka cutar. An lura cewa basa afkawa shedanun marasa motsi.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hotuna: Kifin Angelfish
Mala'ikun ruwa suna da takin zamani kuma basu buƙatar jinsi biyu don haifar da offspringa offspringan su. Zasu iya haifuwa duk shekara, amma sau da yawa wannan yakan faru ne a ƙarshen bazara ko farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da adadin bioplankton yafi yawa. A cikin awanni 24 bayan kammala aikin hadi, mala'ikan teku yana sanya qwai kai tsaye cikin ruwa. Masonry shine ruwa mai narkewa tare da ƙananan ƙananan abubuwa; yana yawo cikin yardar kaina a cikin ruwa.
Larananan larvae da aka ƙyanƙyashe daga ƙwai tare da ƙananan tanti guda uku nan da nan suka tashi zuwa saman ruwa, inda akwai adadi mai yawa na zooplankton. 'Ya'yan mala'ikan teku suna ciyarwa sosai sannan bayan fewan kwanaki suka juye zuwa garken masu cutar marasa tausayin - larro ɗin polyrochial. Abincin su ya canza gaba ɗaya, sun fara farautar samarin kifin monkf, sannan, yayin da suke girma, da manya. Tsuntsar polyrochial ƙaramar ganga ce mai haske tare da layuka da yawa na cilia, girmanta bai wuce 'yan milimita ba.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Embryos na sassan arewacin suna da kwalliyar karkace ta gaskiya, kamar ta katantanwa na yau da kullun, wanda ke saurin faduwa a farkon matakan cigaba. Fuka-fukan mala'ikan ƙafafun rarrafe ne wanda yake canzawa, wanda ya canza aikinsa kuma ya ba da izinin zankayen fuka-fukai su mallaki ruwan tekun.
Abokan gaba na mala'ikan teku
Hoto: Yaya kallon mutum yake
Har ila yau, mala'ikan teku yana da makiya a cikin mazauninsu na asali:
- Whales marasa hakori;
- wasu nau'ikan tsuntsayen teku.
Duk waɗannan enemiesan enemiesan adawan suna da haɗari ga yawan zuriya yawanci kawai a lokacin saduwa, lokacin da mala'ikun ruwa ke tururuwa cikin manyan garken tumaki. Ba safai mutane ke farautar whales da tsuntsaye ba. Wasu kifayen na iya yin biki a hannun mala'iku lokacin da suke motsawa cikin ruwan. Sauran mollusks ba a ɗauka ƙwai na angelfish a matsayin abinci, tunda an kiyaye su da ƙanshi na musamman, mai kama da jelly. Growtharamar ƙuruciya tana tasowa da sauri kuma yana zama mai farauta cikin 'yan kwanaki.
An lura cewa idan babu wadataccen adadin sanannun abinci, wato, shaiɗanan teku, man maƙarƙashiya masu farauta na iya yunwa daga watanni 1 zuwa 4 ba tare da cutar da jiki ba. Saboda wannan dalili, sauyin yanayi a cikin wadatar abinci baya shafar adadin wadannan halittun mala'iku. Ga mutum, mala'ikun teku suna da ban sha'awa kawai. Abu ne mai ban sha'awa don kallon su, masu zane-zane suna da sabon abu mai ban mamaki, amma ba su da ƙimar amfani.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Klion na arewa an san shi ga mutum tun daga farkon ƙarni na 17 kuma tun daga nan halaye, salon rayuwarsa da tsarin haifuwarsa an yi karatun su sosai.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hotuna: Angelfish
Mala'ikan teku ya yalwata ruwan sanyi na arewacin duniya. Duk da cewa an sanya shi a cikin abincin kifin Whales da tsuntsayen da ke cin namun daji, lambobinsa suna da karko kuma yanayin jinsin yana da ƙarfi. Zai yiwu, idan yana da sha'awa ga mutane kuma ya ci, yanayin zai zama akasin haka.
Babban barazanar ga yawan wannan baƙon abu na iya zama ayyukan mutane waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga gurɓacewar tekunan duniya. Yayin aiwatar da katsalandan tare da hanyoyin da suka dace, daidaitaccen yanayi ya rikice, adadi mai yawa na bioplankton ya lalace, wanda ya zama ba dole ba kawai ga samarin mala'iku na teku ba, har ma don wanzuwar shaitanun ruwa - tushen abincin manya.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Clungiyoyin Arewa suna da ikon samar da enzyme na musamman wanda ke iya fatattakar masu cin abincin ruwa kuma ya sanya waɗannan molluscs ɗin basu cancanci cin ɗan adam ba. A cikin ruwan teku, sau da yawa zaka iya samun abubuwan al'ajabi masu ban mamaki, lokacin da babban ɓawon burodi da ƙarfi ya riƙe mala'ika na teku a bayansa don kare shi daga masu farauta, tunda enzyme ɗin da fasinjanta na ban mamaki ya samar yana mai da kansa mara cin abinci. Irin wannan takaddun yana ba wa angelfish damar rage ƙarancin kuzarin motsawa a cikin layin ruwa, amma ya rasa ikon ciyarwa.
Arewa klion - wata halitta mai ban tsoro tare da bayyanar mala'ika, a bayanta tana ɓoye azzalumin maci mai halaye masu tabbaci. Wannan bakon halittar, bayan ya cinye hadadden tsarin halitta, yaci gaba da kyakyawan gudu a cikin ruwan teku a yau, kamar yadda yayi a miliyoyin shekaru da suka gabata.
Ranar bugawa: 23.10.2019
Ranar da aka sabunta: 01.09.2019 a 18:45
