Snaanyen innabi ɗayan mashahurin gastropods na yau da kullun wanda za'a iya samu a cikin ɗakunanmu. Wadannan halittu ana iya samunsu ko'ina, katantanwa suna rayuwa akan bishiyoyi masu kore a cikin gandun daji da wuraren shakatawa, lambuna da lambunan kayan lambu. Waɗannan katantanwa suna da tauri sosai, suna haihuwa cikin sauri kuma a sauƙaƙe suna cika manyan wurare. Ana ɗaukar katantanwar inabi a matsayin manyan katantanwa da aka samo a Turai. Tun zamanin da, ana cin waɗannan dabbobi, tunda waɗannan samfuran ana samun su koyaushe, kuma naman su yana da amfani ƙwarai.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hoto: Guraben innabi
Helix pomatia ko snaaunar Inabi ita ce mollusk ta ƙasa da ke cikin ajin gastropods, umarnin mai tushe, dangin cholicides. Harshen Helix shine nau'in Helix pomatia innabi. Kuma kuma sanannen wannan katantanwa ana kiransa Apple snail ko Apple snail, Moon snail ko Burgundy snail. Katantanwa suna cikin tsoffin halittu a duniyarmu.
Koda a cikin zamanin Kiritos na zamanin Mesozoic, katantanwa sun riga sun mamaye ƙasarmu. Tsoffin ragowar wakilan gastropods suna da shekaru miliyan 99. An gano ragowar a Burma a wani wurin hawan amber. Tsohuwar mollusk har ta adana kayan laushi, saboda gaskiyar cewa katantanwa ya shiga amber kuma ba zai iya fita daga ciki ba.
Bidiyo: Katantanwar innabi
Helix pomatia ya fara bayyana ne daga Baƙon ɗan ƙasar Sweden Karl Linnaeus a cikin 1758. An dauki katantanwar innabi mafi girma a Turai, girman kwasfa na babban mutum har zuwa 46 mm, faɗin kwasfa ya kai 47 mm. Babban mutum zai iya yin nauyi zuwa gram 45. Katantanwar innabi babban gastropod mollusc ne daga tsari mai ido.
Jikin mollusk yana da rashin daidaituwa. An bayyana kansa sosai. Shugaban yana da tanti biyu na idoji da ido. Harsashin yana lankwasa a cikin siffar karkace kuma yana da juyi 4.5. Launin katantanwa na inabi launin rawaya-orange ne. Wannan mollusk yana shan iska tare da taimakon huhu. Pneumatic - ƙaramin rami na numfashi yana tsakanin rufin rigar kuma yana buɗe kowane minti.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Photo: Yaya katantanwar innabi take
Katantanwar innabi suna da girma sosai. Bawon babban mutum ya kai cm 3.5 zuwa 6. Ana sanya molk din a cikin kwas ɗin gaba ɗaya. A jikin mollusk, kafa da kai sun fita, a kan kai akwai idanu 2 da tanti. Ana kiyaye gabobin ciki ta hanyar sutura, kuma ana iya ganin ɓangaren wannan rigar daga waje. Tsayin jiki daga 3.5 zuwa 5.5 cm. Jiki na roba ne, wanda ke nufin cewa katantanwa za a iya miƙa shi da ƙarfi. Launin jiki iri ɗaya ne da na kwasfa, yawanci ya zama rawaya mai launin ruwan kasa ko launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa.
Duk jikin katantanwa an lulluɓe shi da wrinkles, kuma yawancin mutane suma suna da tsari a jiki. Ana saukad da digo na danshi a cikin wrinkles a kafa. Harsashin yana da girma, lanƙwasa a cikin siffar karkace, kuma yana da juyi 4-5. Harsashin yana da siffar diski, an juya shi zuwa dama, launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa. Tare da dukkanin tsawon farkon farkon ɓarnar harsashi, akwai ratsi 5 da ratsi 5 duhu.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Launin katantanwar innabi na iya bambanta dangane da abincin su. Akwai tabarau guda biyu a kan katantanwar sama da bakin. Tanti na lebura gajere ne, daga 2 zuwa 4.5 mm. Dogon ido yana da tsayin cm 1 zuwa 2.2. Idanun suna kan farfajiyar ido. Katantanwa ba su da gani sosai, suna iya ganin abubuwa kawai a nisan 1 cm daga idanun mollusk. Bugu da kari, duk katantanwa makauniyar launi ne, ba za su iya bambance launuka ba - wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa duk masu karɓar alhakin hangen nesa suna da launin hoto ɗaya.
Tsarin ciki na katantanwar innabi daidai yake da na sauran katantanwa. Tsarin narkewa yana kunshe da foregut na ectodermal da tsakiyar ectodermal. Katantanwa tana numfashi tare da huhunta. Zuciyar tana kewaye da pericardium kuma tana ƙunshe da ventricle da hagu atrium. Zuciya tana harba jini mara launi. Tsarin juyayi ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi da yawa.
Katantanwa suna motsawa a hankali, ta amfani da ƙafafunsu. A yayin motsi, katantanwa na sanya tsokoki na kafa kuma yana ta jujjuyawa a saman ƙasa, yana ci gaba da tunkuɗuwa daga gare ta. A yayin motsi, ana fitar da danshin ruwa na musamman daga mollusk, wanda ke rage gogayya. Katantanwa ta zame cikin sauƙi akan ƙushin ruwa. A lokaci guda, katantanwa tana manne da saman, don haka yana iya rarrafe da sauƙi kamar yana kwance. Don haka yana kan farfajiyar tsaye. Katantanwa sun daɗe sosai. A cikin daji, matsakaiciyar rayuwar katantanwar inabi tana da shekaru 6-8, amma, mutane da yawa suna rayuwa da yawa. Akwai katantanwa wanda ya rayu tsawon shekaru 25-30.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Katantanwa suna da ƙarfin sabuntawa, tare da asarar wani ɓangare na jikinshi, katantanwa na iya sake sakewa cikin makonni kawai.
A ina katantanwar inabi take rayuwa?
Hotuna: Katantanwar innabi a Rasha
Da farko, waɗannan katantanwan sun fito ne daga Turai ta Tsakiya da Kudu maso Gabas. A yau, mazaunin waɗannan mollusks yana da faɗi sosai, katantanwa sun bazu ko'ina cikin Turai, a Ostiraliya kuma an kawo su Kudancin Amurka. Mutane suna son adana waɗannan katantanwa kamar dabbobin gida, saboda wannan ana samuntarsu a duk duniya.
Katantanwa suna ninkawa da sauri, suna kawo zuriya masu yawa, kuma cikin sauƙin samun sabbin wurare. Sau da yawa mutane ba da gangan suna haifar da katantanwa ta hanyar jefa ƙwai masu yawa. Katantanwa 2 ne kawai ke iya kawo zuriya da yawa har suka lalata dukkan ciyayi a cikin ƙaramin lambu. Saboda zagon kasa na gonakin da aka noma a kasashe da yawa, an hana shigo da katantanwa na inabi.
A cikin daji, waɗannan mollusks galibi suna zama a cikin makiyaya, a cikin dazuzzuka inda akwai ciyayi da yawa da ke rufe ƙasa, a wuraren shakatawa da wuraren ajiya. Har ila yau, katantanwar innabi suna son zama a cikin lambuna da lambuna masu da farar ƙasa ko ƙasa alli. Babban abu don katantanwa shine kasancewar ciyawar koren ciyawa. Musamman ma galibi, katantanwar wannan nau'in suna kai hari ga itacen inabi, suna cin manyan ganyayen inabi, wanda suka samo sunan su. A cikin lambuna, waɗannan katantanwan suna cutar ciyayi ta hanyar cin ganyaye.
Katantanwar inabi sun fi son yanayin zafi da yanayi mai kyau. Ba sa son hasken rana mai haske, da rana suna ɓoyewa daga rana a ƙarƙashin ganye da duwatsu. Da dare, suna shuru a hankali akan shuke-shuke, suna cin ganye. Katantanwa sama sama a daidai inda suke zaune suna ɓoye a tsakanin duwatsu, a cikin tushen bishiyoyi da sauran keɓaɓɓun wurare don lokacin sanyi sai su faɗa cikin rayarwar da aka dakatar. Zasu iya zama a wurin har na tsawon watanni 5.
Menene katantanwar innabi take ci?
Photo: Babban katantanwar innabi
Ilsaunar innabi tana da ciyayi. Suna yawanci ciyarwa akan ganyen kore mai laushi.
Abincin Abincin katantanwa ya hada da:
- dandelion;
- burdock;
- ganyen innabi;
- ganyen strawberry;
- huhu mai huhu;
- kabeji;
- salatin;
- zobo;
- ganyen doki;
- ganyen latas;
- ganyen rasberi;
- nettle kuma fiye da nau'in 30 na tsire-tsire daban-daban;
- kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Katantanwa kuma suna buƙatar gishirin alli don gina bawonsu, kuma ana iya cin dutsen farar ƙasa a cikin daji. Ba sa ƙyamar humus, wanda ya ƙunshi ma'adanai daban-daban. A cikin bauta, ya zama dole a ba katantanwa kayan haɓakar ma'adinai na musamman.
Katantanwa na gida ana ciyar da 'ya'yan itace da kayan marmari. Katantanwa suna son tuffa, zucchini, ayaba, gwoza, kokwamba, kabewa, kankana, dankali, radishes. Kuma kuma ku rabu da ganye, ganyen dandelion, gwoza da saman karas, ganyen shuka. Lokacin ciyar da katantanwa da ke cikin terrarium, ana yanka abincin a ƙananan ƙananan. Gurasar da aka jiƙa ana ɗaukarsa magani na musamman don katantanwa, amma ya fi kyau a ba shi a ƙananan ƙananan kawai ta hanyar ƙarin abinci. Ragowar kayan abincin da aka lalata an cire su, in ba haka ba ƙila za su iya guba. Katantanwa suna cikin yunwa koyaushe, kuma ba su da cikewar abinci, saboda haka kuna buƙatar ba da abinci a ƙananan ƙananan. Zai fi kyau kada ku ciyar da katantanwa fiye da cin nasara.
Yanzu kun san yadda ake ciyar da katantanwar inabinku. Bari muga yadda suke rayuwa a cikin daji.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Photo: Guraben inabi a yanayi
Katantanwar inabi dabba ce mai nutsuwa, maras nauyi, mai natsuwa. Don zama a wurare masu danshi, yayi ƙoƙarin zama tsakanin tsirrai na ciyawa da ciyawa, inda hasken rana baya faɗuwa. Da rana, tana iya ɓoyewa a ƙarƙashin duwatsu da inuwar shuke-shuke. Katantanwa ta kasance cikin bawo kusan duk yini. A faɗuwar rana, suna nutsuwa a kan ciyawa a hankali kuma suna cin abinci koyaushe. Katantanwa suna son ruwan sama sosai, bayan ruwan sama suna son rarrafe a kan ciyawar ciyawa mai santsi. A lokacin fari, wannan narkakken ya fada cikin damuwa, a wannan lokacin katantanwa ta zama mai rauni, ta yi rarrafe a cikin kwansonsa kuma ta manna ta ƙofar ta da fim mai haske.
Katantanwa suna da jinkiri sosai, iyakar saurin katantanwa yakai 7 cm a minti ɗaya. hunturu. A lokacin kaka, idan zafin iska ya sauka zuwa 17-12'C, katantanwar na katako. Yana hibernates a cikin rami na musamman da aka haƙa a ƙasa a zurfin 5-10 cm. Katantanwa ta binne kanta a cikin ƙasa. Katantanwa na iya zama a cikin dakatarwar tashin hankali har na tsawon watanni 5 a wannan lokacin, suna rage nauyi sosai, bayan sun farka, katantanwa ta dawo yadda take a cikin makonni biyu. Tare da farkawa da wuri, zai iya tsayayya da tasirin mummunan yanayin zafi na ɗan gajeren lokaci.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Harsashin katantanwa yana da ƙarfi ƙwarai, zai iya tsayayya da matsi har zuwa 12.5kg. Katantanwa a nitse tana binne kanta a cikin ƙasa ba tare da jin tsoron durƙushewa ba.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hotuna: Katantanwar innabi a cikin Belarus
Balaga a cikin katantanwar innabi yana faruwa yana da shekaru 1-1.5. Katantanwa da dama kiwo kololuwa, na farko a cikin bazara nan da nan bayan tada daga rashin himma shi ne ƙarshen Maris-Yuni. Na biyu lokacin kiwo yana faruwa a farkon kaka. Yayin ibadar aure, katantanwa tana rarrafe a hankali a cikin da'ira, wani lokacin yakan daga gaban jikinta. Ya tsaya kamar yana neman wani.
Lokacin da aka sami irin wannan katantanwa, sai su fara shimfida daya kan daya, jin juna da tanti, kuma su taba tafin su. Bayan ɗan lokaci, katantanwar sun faɗi ƙasa tare da tafin gwiwa an matse su a cikin irin wannan halin, sun kasance ba su motsi kamar na mintina 15. Daga baya, wasan maimauta yana sakewa har sai ɗayan katantanwa ya manne a cikin sauran al'aurar. Yayin yaduwa, dukkan katantanwar duk maza da mata ne. Bayan jujjuyawa, katantanwa sun bazu ta hanyoyi daban-daban.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: A yayin saduwa, katantanwa yana karɓar lasifikan wayoyi, wanda zai iya ajiye shi tsawon shekara ɗaya, har sai ya sami yanayi mai kyau don ƙwai.
Don sanya ƙwai, katantanwa tana yin kama ta hanyar haƙa rami mai zurfin 5-10 cm, kuma daga baya, taɓe ƙasa, ta kafa ganuwar maɓallin. Wasu lokuta ana ƙirƙirar kamala a cikin matsuguni na halitta, misali, kusa da rhizomes na shuka. A lokaci guda, qwai masu launi 40 masu lu'ulu'u suna cikin kama. Yin kwai don katantanwa yana da matukar wahala, kuma kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na katantanwa sun mutu bayan barin zuriyar. Lokacin shiryawa yana ɗaukar kimanin wata ɗaya. Katantanwa da suka ƙyanƙyashe daga ƙwai ƙananan kwafi ne na baligi. Suna da kwalliyar kwalliya mai santsi da haske tare da curls 1.5 kawai. A rana ta 10, samari na katantanwa suna barin gidansu suna fita neman abinci.
Abokan gaba na snaan innabi
Photo: Yaya katantanwar innabi take
Katantanwa halittun da basu da kariya ne waɗanda yawancin masu son cin abincin suke son yin ta.
Abokan gaba na katantanwar innabi sun haɗa da:
- daban-daban kwari masu cin nama kamar ƙwaro, ƙuda, crickets, millipedes.
- bushiya;
- shrews;
- beraye;
- toads;
- kwadi;
- kadangaru;
- tsuntsaye;
- weasels da sauran masu cin nama.
Hakanan kuma katantanwar innabi tana iya fuskantar wasu nau'ikan katantanwa masu saurin farauta. Mayaƙan za su iya cinyewa ta cikin harsashi mai ƙarfi, ko kuma tsotse katantanwa daga mafakarta. Yawancin ƙwaro da ƙwaro na iya yin rarrafe a cikin kwandon ta ramin numfashi wanda ke kama shi da mamaki. Kuma har ila yau, katantanwa galibi na samun nutsuwa ta ƙananan ƙananan tsutsotsi.
Katantanwa na iya sa dabbobi da dabbobin su da cututtukan parasitic waɗanda za su iya cin katantanwa. Baya ga masu farautar daji, mutane suna amfani da katantanwa don abinci. A kasashe da yawa, ana kiwo da katantanwa don a ci. Naman katantanwa na innabi yana da matukar gina jiki, ya ƙunshi furotin mai yawa, bitamin B12.
Har ila yau, katantanwar innabi suna da saurin kamuwa da sanyi, musamman bayan sun fito daga bacci, suna iya jure sanyi, amma na wani dan gajeren lokaci, kuma suna saurin kamuwa da sanyi idan ba su buya a wani wuri ba a cikin lokaci. Kari akan haka, katantanwa ba sa jure hasken rana mai haske; yayin fari sai su yi kokarin buya a inuwa. Lalata dazuzzuka da birane yana shafar yawan katantanwar innabi, saboda haka an hana katantanwa daga wuraren da suka saba.
Matsayi da yawan jinsin
Hoto: Guraben innabi
Dogaro da nazarin halittar Helix pomatia a gabashi da kudancin sassan zangon su, wanda masana kimiyya E.A. Senegin suka gudanar. da Artemichuk O.Yu. yawan jinsin a halin yanzu baya cikin hadari. Don nazarin, yanayin kusan giya iri ashirin daban-daban na yawan katantanwar innabi anyi nazarin ta hanyar hanyar gel gel electrophoresis. Dangane da bayanan da aka samo yayin binciken, yawan wannan nau'in ba sa fuskantar barazana a yau. Koda a yanayin bunkasar birni, waɗannan molluscs suna jin daɗi kuma suna da damar haifuwa. Yana da matukar wahala a binciki yawan katantanwa na innabi, tunda mazaunin suna da fadi, kuma katantanwa suna rayuwa ta sirri.
Abin sani kawai an san cewa nau'in suna da yawa kuma basa buƙatar wata kariya ta musamman. Kari akan haka, galibi ana cinna katantanwa na inabi a cikin terrariums da ƙananan ƙananan gonaki. Ana sayar da waɗannan kifin a matsayin dabbobi da shaguna da gidajen abinci a matsayin abinci. Don aikin noma, katantanwar inabi ana daukarta a matsayin kwari, saboda suna iya cin ganyen tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kuma suna cutar da dabbobi da cututtukan cututtuka masu haɗari. Saboda haka, manoma da yawa suna ƙoƙari su rabu da waɗannan nau'ikan kifin kifin ta hanyoyi da yawa.
Snaanyen innabi nutsuwa sosai, yana haifar da nutsuwa da tsarin rayuwa. Zasu iya ciyar da rayuwarsu gaba daya a wuri guda. Katantanwar innabi wasu halittu ne masu ban mamaki wadanda suke da matukar sha'awar kallo. Kasancewar kun samu wadannan kayan kwalliyar a gida, koyaushe kuna mamakin kyawawan halaye da halaye na su. A cikin bauta, katantanwa suna da kyau, kuma suna rayuwa fiye da dangin daji.
Ranar bugawa: 02.08.2019 shekara
Ranar da aka sabunta: 28.09.2019 a 11:40
