Sumatran barbus - kifin ruwa wanda yake tsakiyar tsakiyar akwatin kifaye. Yana da kyakkyawar bayyanar da ke jawo hankalin masu ruwa da yawa kuma mashahuri ne da gaske. Koyaya, bai dace da duk akwatinan ruwa ba. Waɗannan kifin suna da yanayi mai ƙarfi, don haka ya kamata a kula yayin adana su a cikin akwatin kifaye da aka raba.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Sumatran Barbus
Sumatran barb ya fito ne daga dangin kifi kuma sunan kimiyya shine Puntius tetrazona. Wannan kifin dan asalin kasar Indonesia ne a kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Akwai jinsin zabiya da kuma wani nau'in kore, dukkansu suna ninkaya cikin sauri kuma suna son zolayar wasu kifaye. Suna da himma sosai, ƙwararrun masu ninkaya, koyaushe suna tafiya cikin ruwan buɗewa, kuma suna son bi da cizon ƙafafun wasu nau'ikan nutsuwa. Yankin Sumatran yana da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban.
Bidiyo: Sumatran Barbus
Garken Sumatran shine mafi yawan kifi na yau da kullun a cikin akwatin kifaye. Babban gurɓataccen abu ne da babban mai amfani da iskar oxygen wanda ke buƙatar kyakkyawan tacewa da canjin ruwa na yau da kullun. Ya kasance mai iya iyo sosai, tsawon akwatin kifaye don shi kadai ya zama aƙalla 1m 20 cm Don kaucewa kai hari tare da wasu kifaye a cikin akwatin kifaye, ya zama dole a ajiye su a 10 minima. Kyawawanta da halinta zai nuna mafi kyau a cikin babban akwatin kifaye tare da kamfani mai kyau fiye da shi kadai a cikin akwatin kifaye, kodayake kuzarinsa da zafin rai suna sa ya zama da wuya ga yawancin jinsuna su rayu.
Gaskiya mai Nishadi: Kifin mai lafiya zai kasance da launuka masu kyau, launuka masu kyau da kuma inuwar jan a saman jelar, fika, da hanci.
Sumatran Barb yana da ɗan sauƙin kiyayewa kuma zai kai matsakaicin girman 7-20 cm bayan ya kai ga balaga, yana mai da shi matattarar kiyayewa a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hoto: Yaya sumatran barbus yake?
Siffar jiki ta Sumatran barbus mai rikitarwa ce, bakin yana zagaye, ba tare da juzu'i ba. Layin layi bai cika ba. Gabaɗaya launi launin azurfa-fari ne, baya-baya suna zaitun-kasa-kasa, gefen da haske mai launin ja-launin ruwan kasa.
Jiki yana da ratsiyoyi huɗu masu duhu tare da kore mai ƙyalli mai ƙarfe:
- na farko yana tsallaka ido kuma yana kusan ƙetare ƙananan gefen ƙashin reshe;
- na biyu, wanda yake ɗan kaɗan a gaban baya, bisa ƙa'ida ya faɗaɗa layin ventral, amma yana da sauƙin canzawa, wani lokacin ma ba ya nan;
- na uku yana dab da kusa da wani babban tabo, wanda ya mamaye dukkan tushe na bayansa kuma ya yi tsayi a gindin dubura;
- ratsi na huɗu ya ƙare ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa.
Fitsarin ƙashin ƙugu da dorsal launuka ja ne masu haske, dubura na dubura da na kaudal suna da launi ja ko ƙasa da ƙasa, tare da bambancin dangane da shekarun kifin. Hancin sa yafi ko ƙasa da ja. Bugu da kari, akwai wasu canje-canje bazu ko kadan: yankin bakin ciki na baƙar fata da idanun launuka ko zabiya, ko yankin ciki mai baƙar fata.
Gwanin Sumatran kyakkyawan kifi ne mai ratsiyoyi bakakku. Tare da tsawon rai na shekaru 5, atan kasuwar Sumatran na iya yin girma har zuwa 7 cm a cikin girma.
Ina Sumatran barbus yake zaune?
Hotuna: Red Sumatran Barbus
Asalinsa ya fito daga tsibirin Sumatra da Borneo, wannan jinsin ya sami wakilci sosai kuma ya girma a ƙasashe da yawa azaman kifi mai ƙayatarwa, amma wasu sun tsere zuwa rafin gida. Sumatran barb yana cikin rukuni na taguwar wando daga yankin Indo-Malay. Dabbar tana da wahalar tsari. Dama kusa da shi akwai shinge mai raɗaɗi huɗu na Yankin Malay, wanda ke rarrabe ta wasu gajeren eriya maxillary da wasu wasu bambance-bambance.
An shigo da dukkan siffofin guda biyu a kusan lokaci guda (1933 - 1935 a Jamus); duk da haka, yayin da shararrun Sumatran ya zama ɗayan shahararrun jinsuna a cikin masu sha'awar sha'awa, shagon mai ratsi huɗu yana rasa ƙasa, yana zama ba kasafai ake samun kasuwa ba. Babban jigon halittar Barbus daga gidan dangin Barbinae yana zaune a cikin sabbin ruwan Turai, Asiya da Afirka. Daga cikin rarrabuwa da yawa, waɗanda, gwargwadon yanayin, aka ɗauke su a matsayin mai asali ko ƙaramin juzu'i.
Wadannan suna da daraja a lura:
- Barbus;
- Puntius;
- Systomus;
- Capoeta;
- Barbodes.
Wasu marubutan sun sanya dukkan ƙananan nau'ikan nau'ikan jinsin halittu a cikin jinsin Puntius, kuma ana amfani da jinsin Barbus don manyan jinsunan Turai. Sauran mawallafa sun raba su tsakanin Puntius, Capoeta da Barbodes. A ƙarshe, jinsi Systomus ya yi nasara a 2013, amma masanin Iichthyologist na Maurice Kottelat ya sanya wannan nau'in a cikin sabon Genus Puntigrus a watan Nuwamba 2013 yayin buga nomenclature.
A cikin yanayinta na asali, ƙwanƙolin Sumatran yana rayuwa cikin ruwa mai guba. Acidification na ruwa yana zuwa ne daga bazuwar tsirrai. Wannan lamari ya canza launin ruwan, wanda ya zama ruwan kasa. A wasu yankuna wadanda suke da wadataccen kayan masarufi, ruwan ya canza sosai har ya zama baƙi. Jinsi yana girma a zurfin zurfin zurfin a yankunan da ke dauke da tsire-tsire masu yawa (tsire-tsire na ruwa da na ruwa, lalacewar kwayoyin halitta, rassa, da sauransu) Usuallyasar yawanci yashi ne da humus. Gwanin Sumatran kifi ne wanda yake rayuwa da yanayi zuwa yanayin zafi tsakanin 26 ° C da 29 ° C. PH na ruwa ya fara ne daga 5.0 zuwa 6.5.
Menene cinikin Sumatran?
Hoto: Sumatran barb a cikin akwatin kifaye
Babban mashayan Sumatran babban abu ne kuma zai yarda da duk abincin da aka bayar don kifin akwatin kifaye, amma yana da fifiko don farautar rayuwa. A cikin daji, yan baranda suna cin abinci akan tsutsotsi, kananan crustaceans da tsire-tsire. Bai kamata ku rinjayi su fiye da kima ba, saboda ba su san yadda za su iyakance kansu cikin bukatunsu ba.
Za su ci kusan duk abin da kuka ba su, gami da ƙoshin kifi na wurare masu zafi. Duk abincin yakamata a sha cikin ƙasa da minti 3. Lokacin ciyar da shagunan Sumatran, zaku iya maye gurbin abinci mai rai da bushe, amma kar ku manta da kayan lambu.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Mazaje na shagunan Sumatran suna da launuka masu haske, yayin da mata ke da jikin dushi.
Busasshen abinci ya dace da ciyar dasu, amma waɗannan kifaye sun fi son ganima ko, idan babu, zasu iya cin daskararre: brine shrimp, tubifex, grindala, larbae sauro, daphnia, da sauransu. Wani ɓangare na abincin su yakamata ya zama tsirrai a cikin nau'in algae (misali, spirulina). Hakanan ana ba da shawarar kifin ganyayyaki don zaɓin abincin yau da kullun.
Gwanin Sumatran kifi ne mai launuka, don haka yana da mahimmanci a basu abinci wanda zai tallafawa launin su da mahimmancin ƙarfin su. Don haɓaka haɓakar furotin, waɗannan kifin za su yi farin ciki da yin amfani da abinci na yau da kullun na busassun abinci da abinci mai rai, gami da ɗan tsami, daphnia da sauransu.
Yanzu kun san komai game da abubuwan da ke cikin Sumatran barbus. Bari muga yadda kifin yake rayuwa a cikin daji.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Hotuna: Mace Sumatran Barbus
Yan baranda na Sumatran suna da halaye da yawa. Zai iya zama mai saurin tashin hankali, musamman idan an ajiye shi a cikin ƙaramin tanki. Kamar yawancin yan bariki, yana da kuzari sosai kuma yana da kuzari, yana da kyakkyawar dabi'a kuma dole ne ya zauna tare da wani a kusa (yana da kyau a hada rukunin maza 1 mata zuwa 2 mata). Girman girkin akwatin kifaye, yawancin kifin zai zama mai hikima da sauran nau'in.
Lallai, a maimakon haka maza zasu kasance masu jayayya da ci gaba da fada tsakanin su don kulawar mata. A sakamakon haka, zalunci zai ci gaba da kasancewa ba komai ba. Hakanan zaku lura da kyawawan launuka yayin adana sandunan Sumatran a adadi masu yawa: waɗannan maza ne masu fafatawa waɗanda ke faɗan kansu a gaban mata.
Wannan nau'in yana son zama a cikin ɗakunan ruwa da aka dasa masu yawa tare da ɗimbin duwatsu, rajistan ayyukan, da kayan ado don iyo da ɓoyewa. Dogayen aquariums basu da mahimmanci, amma zasu taimaka wajan kifin ku cikin farin ciki kuma ya basu isasshen ɗabi'a don hayayyafa cikin nasara.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Atan baranda na Sumatran suna son yin dokoki a cikin akwatin kifaye kuma suna cinye mafi yawan lokacinsu suna bin sauran mazauna. Hakanan suna da hali mara kyau na ciza a kan wani abu ban da abinci: hannu, hauren haƙar kifi, ko ma fincinka. Idan aka adana shi cikin ƙaramin rukuni ko shi kaɗai, wannan kifin na iya yin rikici tare da sauran mazaunan akwatin kifaye.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hotuna: Kifin Sumatran Barbus
Sake buguwa daga bututun Sumatran a cikin akwatin kifaye ya kasance mai yuwuwa sosai. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar zaɓar akwatin kifaye na musamman don samar da ɗaki don kifi yayin balaga. Sanya igiyar kariya a ƙasa a cikin wannan akwatin kifaye (15 L) kuma yi ado tare da tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire kamar gansakuka. Cika shi da ruwa da nufin zafin jiki na 26 ° C da pH na 6.5 / 7. Extractara cirewar peat idan zai yiwu. Shirya iyayenku ta hanyar yi musu kyautar ganima mai yawa.
Lokacin da mata suke kamar ba su da nauyi, zaɓi biyu kuma sanya su a cikin tankar da ke taɓar da ruwa. Maza suna da saurin rikici kuma suna iya kashe mata marasa ciki. Sabili da haka, idan haɓakawa ba ta faru a cikin awanni 24 ba, zai fi kyau a raba biyu kuma a sake gwadawa daga baya. Duk barbs suna da oviparous. Ana sanya ƙwai a cikin ƙwai 8-12 yayin karatun, wanda mata kan fara shi sau da yawa.
Kifayen suna cin karo da juna a cikin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kuma, tare da rawar jiki mai ƙarfi, ɓoye guduma da ƙwai (har zuwa 500 - 600). Tirin ƙwai yana da tsayin aƙalla tsawon cm 60. An cika shi da ruwa mai kyau, zai fi dacewa pH 6.5-7 da sabo (mai wadataccen oxygen), kuma ana kawo shi da tuftsan tsire-tsire da yawa na tsire-tsire ko na tallafi na wucin gadi (nau'ikan filon nailan). Zafin ruwan yana da girma ƙwarai (2 ° C) fiye da na masu kiwo.
Suna yin ƙwai da yamma kuma, a ƙa'ida, waɗanda na ƙarshe zasu yi ƙarya har sai washegari. Haskoki na fitowar rana yana sauƙaƙa wannan aikin. An kori iyaye daga ƙarshen kafuwa. Farauta tana faruwa tsakanin awa 24 zuwa 48. Ya kamata a ciyar da kifin da aka haifa da sinadarai na kwanaki 4 ko 5 na farko. Suna girma cikin sauri kuma, idan akwatin kifin ɗin ya isa, yara suna yin ƙwai suna da shekaru watanni 10-12.
Abokan gaba na atan baranda na Sumatran
Hoto: Yaya sumatran barbus yake?
Barbaren Sumatran suna da abokan gaba kaɗan. Sumatra tana da hasken rana kuma yana da sauƙin hango waɗannan kifin a cikin ruwa mai tsabta. Amma launin rawayarsu tare da ratsi mai baƙar fata yana taimakawa ɓoye daga abokan gaba. Sun gangara zuwa yashi zuwa ƙasan inda suka yi can can cikin tsakiyan ciyawar, kuma ba za ku iya ganin sa ba ko kaɗan. Duhun duhun kan rairayin rawaya kamar ratsi ne a jikin sandunan Sumatran.
Wannan nau'in yana barazanar cutar. Dukkanin cututtukan kifi sun kasu kashi-kashi (wanda kwayar cuta, kwayoyin cuta, fungi da kwayoyi daban-daban suka haifar) da kuma wadanda ba masu dauke da kwayar cutar ba (misali, cututtukan da aka haifa ko kuma guba saboda rashin lafiyar yanayin kasa). Gabaɗaya, atan baranda na Sumatran suna da kyawawan halaye kuma da wuya su kamu da rashin lafiya. Cututtukan da ake yawan samu suna da alaƙa da "hali": sau da yawa suna cin zarafin kansu ne kawai. Don magance irin waɗannan lokuta abu ne mai sauƙi - yunwa da yunwa kawai. Koyaya, su, kamar kowane mazaunan akwatin kifaye, wani lokacin suna fama da cututtukan cututtuka, amma yana da matukar wahala ga mai son mai son kawai ba tare da ƙwararren masani yayi cikakken bincike ba.
Duk wani farin tabo a jikin kifin yana nufin cewa mafi sauƙi parasites sun zauna a ciki. Sunan gama gari ga wannan cuta shine ichthyophthyriosis. Yawo da protozoan a cikin akwatin kifaye yana da sauƙi, kuma kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta ba abu bane mai sauƙi. Idan farin tabo ya bayyana a kai, kusa da hanci, sai ya zama ulce, to mai yiwuwa kifin yana fama da cutar hexamitosis, wata cutar parasitic. Wani lokaci, canji mai sauƙi a cikin zafin jiki na ruwa na iya taimakawa wajen magance duka biyun, amma dole ne a yi amfani da wakilai na musamman kamar miconazole ko trypaflavin.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Photo: Sumatran barbs
Yawan wannan nau'in ba sa fuskantar barazanar haɗari daga waje. Nau'in kifin na Sumatran ya yadu musamman a kasuwancin akwatin kifaye. Don adana shi, yana da kyau a sanya aƙalla mutane 8 a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da ƙarancin akalla lita 160. A lokaci guda, yi wa ƙungiyar sharaɗi ne don tabbatar da jin daɗinsu. Dabba na iya zama mai zafin rai idan ba wasu kifayen kaɗan a kusa da ita. Hadawa da nau'ikan jinsin da ke rayuwa a cikin yanki iri ɗaya ba abu ne mai kyau ba sai dai idan girman ya daidaita.
Tunda mashayan Sumatran a zahiri yana rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai guba, girka matatar peat shine mafi dacewa don daidaita shi. Additionarin ganyen alder mai lalacewa da fruitsa fruitsan itace na iya inganta yanayin ajiyar sa ta hanyar haɓaka yawan ruwan da ke cikin ruwan. Jinsin na rayuwa ne a wani yanayi musamman mai wadataccen ciyayi. Ingarawa da tsire-tsire zai ba shi wurare da yawa na ɓoyewa wanda zai rage damuwarsa. Don kyakkyawar kulawa da wannan nau'in, ana ba da shawarar kiyaye matakin nitrate ƙasa da 50 mg / l, ana yin sabuntawar kowane wata na 20% zuwa 30% na ruwa, tare da ruwan a zazzabin ɗakin. Dangane da rayuwa mai amfani, ƙoshin lafiya na Sumatran yakan rayu tsawon shekaru 5 zuwa 10.
Sumatran barbus - Kyakkyawan kifi don adana shi a cikin akwatin kifaye, amma ya kamata zama tare da zama mafi ƙanƙanci da ƙarami. Wannan kifi ne wanda ake amfani dashi don yin iyo cikin ƙungiyoyi kuma bazai iya haɓaka ba tare da maƙwabta. Ga maƙwabta, alal misali, kifin tetra, zebrafish, tabo mai yatsu ya dace da ita.
Ranar bugawa: 02.08.2019 shekara
Ranar da aka sabunta: 28.09.2019 a 11:45
