Sarki penguin - kyakkyawan wakilin gidan penguin. Yawancin lokaci suna rikicewa da penguins na sarki, amma suna da wasu sifofi daban-daban kamar bayyanar, wurin zama da salon rayuwa. Wadannan tsuntsayen da ba a saba gani ba suna daga cikin na farko (tare da belar belar) wadanda ke fama da matsalar dumamar yanayi.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Sarki Penguin
Sarki penguin dan gidan penguin ne. Mafi tsufa na penguins yana da kimanin shekaru miliyan 45. Duk da cewa penguins manya ne, tsuntsaye masu girma, kakanninsu sunfi yawa. Misali, dangi mafi kusanci na sarki da penguins na sarki shine mafi girman samfurin da aka taɓa samu. Nauyinsa ya kai kilogram 120.
Bidiyo: Sarki Penguin
Tsoffin penguins sun ɗan bambanta da na zamani, amma wasu ƙananan ƙananan suna da ikon tashi. Haɗin da ke tsakanin tsuntsayen penguins masu ɓarnawa ya ɓace, kuma burbushin halittar da zasu zama tsaka-tsakin har yanzu ba a samo su ba.
Duk membobin gidan penguin suna da sifofin da suka haɗa su. Matsayin mai mulkin, waɗannan su ne fannoni masu zuwa:
- salon rayuwar gregarious Yana ba da damar penguins su guji masu farauta yadda yakamata kuma suyi dumi yayin lokutan sanyi;
- ingantaccen tsarin jiki, wanda ke ba wa waɗannan tsuntsayen damar yin iyo da sauri a ƙarƙashin ruwa, ba ta wata ƙasa da kifi da sauran tsuntsayen ruwa;
- rashin iya tashi. Fuka-fukan Penguin sun sha bamban da fikafikan sauran tsuntsaye - kanana ne kuma an rufe su da fuka-fukai masu kauri;
- a tsaye a tsaye. A hanyar motsi, penguins suna kama da mutane: suna da madaidaiciyar kashin baya, ƙafafu masu ƙarfi da wuya mai sassauƙa.
Penguins sun bambanta da juna a girma da launi, kodayake launuka galibi iri ɗaya ne: baya mai duhu da kai, ciki mai haske. Penguins suna da dogon baki, goiter da doguwar hanji, wanda ke basu damar kula da kuzari a cikin jiki na tsawon lokaci kuma suna ciyar da kajin da abinci mai sake gyarawa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Masana kimiyya sunyi imanin cewa wannan launi na penguins yana rikitar dasu a cikin ruwa; idan mai farautar ya kalli penguin daga kasa zuwa sama, to yana ganin farin ciki, yana haɗuwa da hasken rana. Idan ya kalli ƙasa, to baƙin murfin penguin ɗin yana rikitar da shi ta bayan ruwan duhu.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Photo: King penguin a cikin yanayi
Penguin sarki babban memba ne na danginsa, wanda zai iya ɗaukar nauyin kilogram 15. Wannan shine ɗayan manyan penguins a rayuwa. Tana da tsayayyen jiki da fuka-fukai masu kauri wadanda suke hana ruwa gudu. Arkashin fuka-fukan, penguin yana ɓoye kitsen mai mai kauri, wanda ke ba shi damar yin iyo cikin ruwan sanyi kuma ba ya daskarewa a yanayin ƙarancin yanayi. Hakanan, kitse yana bawa penguin damar yin abinci na dogon lokaci.
Penguin sarki, kamar sauran penguins, ana rarrabe shi ta "miƙe tsaye". Spineashin kashin baya yana da ƙananan lanƙwasa, kuma kai kawai shine ɓangaren motsi. Ciki fari ne ko launin toka, baya da wutsiya baƙi ne. Har ila yau, ƙafafun baki da gefen waje na fuka-fuki. Penguins suna da tabo mai rawaya a kirjin su. Akwai tabo na launi iri ɗaya wanda ya dace da juna a gefen kai, da kuma raƙuman rawaya a kan baki. Masana kimiyya ba su san dalilin da ya sa penguin ke buƙatar irin waɗannan wurare masu haske a cikin launinsa wanda ba ya rufe shi da gaske daga masu cin nama ba.
Maza sun fi mata girma kaɗan, amma ba shi yiwuwa a rarrabe tsuntsaye ta launi ko wasu siffofin. Maza ko mata ba sa ɓoye kowane irin abu.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Ba da daɗewa ba, penguins sarki ke yin ma'aurata masu luwadi, saboda sun rikice game da jima'i na abokin tarayya, ba su iya rarrabe namiji da mace.
Kajin Royal penguin launin ruwan kasa ne da haske, fuka-fuka mai laushi. Yayin da suke girma, suna yin alwashi a cikin tabarau masu haske.
Ba shi da wahala a gauraya penguin masarauta da sarki, amma suna da wasu siffofi na musamman:
- girma - penguin sarki ya fi na sarki girma sosai wanda yake da tsayin jiki har zuwa mita 1, yayin da penguin na sarki zai iya kaiwa tsayin mita ɗaya da rabi;
- launi na penguins na sarki ya fi haske - ya zama rawaya mai haske a kirji, baki, kai. Wannan saboda yanayin dimi na penguins;
- sarki penguin yana da fika fikai fiye da sarki. Wannan yana ba shi damar motsawa cikin sauri cikin ruwa;
- Penafafun penguins ma sun fi tsayi, wanda ke sa waɗannan tsuntsayen saurin motsawa.
A ina ne sarki penguin yake zaune?
Hotuna: Sarki Penguins a Kudancin Kudu
Ana iya samun su kawai a cikin yankuna masu zuwa:
- Macquarie;
- Kudancin Jojiya;
- tsibirin Tierra del Fuego;
- Hurd;
- Kerguelen;
- Kudancin Sandiche Islands;
- Yarima Prince;
- Tsibirin Crozet.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Penguins ba sa rayuwa a Pole ta Arewa ko kuma a Arewacin Northernasashen Duniya kwata-kwata. Yankin Kudancin Kudu kawai!
Penguins suna zaune a cikin sarari, shimfidar wurare wanda ke rufe dusar ƙanƙara lokacin sanyi. Ba sa zaɓar duwatsu ko gangaren tudu don sasantawa, ba kamar sauran nau'in jinsin penguin ba. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa penguins na sarki basa iya motsi a ƙasa saboda nauyin jikinsu mai nauyi, kodayake saboda tsarin ƙafafunsu suna da sauri fiye da dangin su na kusa - sarki penguins.
Ana buƙatar samun kusanci zuwa teku ko teku, tunda wannan shine kawai tushen abinci don penguin. Penguins suna zama a cikin manyan garkuna; a lokacin hunturu zaka ga yadda suka tsaya a cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi, suna kare juna daga iska.
Da isowar dumamar yanayi, ana iya ganin penguins na sarki suna yawo a cikin ciyawar ciyawa. Wannan ba shi da kyau ga lafiyar penguins, tunda ba su dace da yanayin zafi ba kuma suna fama da zafin.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Matsayin penguins na sarki har yanzu ya fi na penguins na sarki, wanda galibi ke zama akan kankara. Narkewar kankara ya lalata mazauninsu na asali, yana tilastawa penguins neman gaggawa cikin gida.
King penguins suna ci gaba a cikin gidan zoo. Suna haihuwa cikin sauƙi kuma suna dacewa da sababbin salon rayuwa. Yanzu kun san inda penguin sarki yake zaune. Bari muga me zai ci.
Menene penguin sarki yake ci?
Photo: Mace da jaririn sarki penguin
Musamman mafarauta. Abincin penguin ya hada da:
- kifaye daban-daban;
- kifin kifi;
- dorinar ruwa;
- babban plankton;
- squid.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Ba kamar dolphins ba, penguins da yardar rai suna cin kifin da aka riga aka kashe a gidan zoo.
Penguins suna buƙatar wadataccen ruwan sha. Suna samun sa ne daga dusar ƙanƙara, amma kuma an daidaita su don shan ruwan gishiri. Don yin wannan, suna da gland na musamman a matakin ido wanda ke tsarkake ruwa daga gishiri. Gishirin ya zama ƙarshe ya zama mafita kuma ya fita ta hancin hancin.
Kamar penguins na sarki, penguins na sarki farauta lokaci-lokaci. Galibi, mata da maza a hankali suna kula da ɗiyan ne na makonni biyu zuwa uku; misali, mata suna zama tare da kajin, yayin da maza ke yin doguwar farauta zuwa ruwa. Bayan sun dawo ga dangi, mazan suna sake girka abincin kaji da rabi na biyu.
Saboda dumamar yanayi, penguins sun fara yin kasa sau da yawa (sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 2), don haka mata da maza sun fara ciyarwa a lokaci guda. Penguins suna da kyau a ƙarƙashin ruwa. Suna haɓaka saurin gudu cikin neman kifi, kama shi da dogon baki kuma suna cin shi yayin tafiya. Penguins suna da ikon haɗiye babban abinci, sun san yadda ake samun abinci daga ƙananan kusurwa a cikin raƙuman duwatsu, wanda ya sanya su mafarauta masu haɗari.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Hotuna: Sarki Penguins
King penguins suna da abokantaka ga mutane, suna nuna sha'awar masanan. Suna zaune cikin manyan garken tumaki, a lokacin sanyi sukan tsaya kusa da juna don dumi. Yayin kiwo da lokacin balaga, penguins suna zama masu fada da juna. Suna yin nau'i-nau'i wanda ke zaune a wani karamin yanki a mazaunin garken. Kuma kowane ɗayan yana so ya mallaki yanki yadda ya kamata, wanda shine dalilin da yasa penguins suka fara faɗa.
Yaƙe-yaƙe galibi suna faruwa da sauri - penguin da ya ji rauni yana saurin cirewa daga fagen fama. Amma wani lokacin suna mutuwa, tunda penguin din na iya cutar da kai daga bakin nasa da bakin sa mai karfi. A kan yankin ta lokacin kiwo, daga mutane dubu zuwa dubu 500 ne suka hallara. Amma penguins na sarki suna amfani da mafi yawan lokacinsu a cikin ruwa, suna zurfafawa zuwa zurfafawa. A kan ƙasa, suna motsawa a kan ciki, suna zamewa akan kankara. Wutsiya a cikin wannan halin yana aiki kamar rudder. A kan yatsunsu, suna motsawa a hankali, hobbling, waddling daga gefe zuwa gefe.
Babu matsayi a cikin tarin penguins. Ba su da shugabanni, mata masu iko da ƙarfi ko ƙarfi. Penguins da suka girma ba sa ƙirƙirar sabbin garken tumaki, amma suna cikin wannan rukunin, suna mai da shi ma yawa. Penguins suna iya gudu zuwa 15 km / h a cikin ruwa, ruwa har zuwa mita 300 a zurfin. A kan matsakaici, suna riƙe numfashinsu na tsawon minti biyar, sa'annan su yi iyo a saman don shaƙa - suna yin hakan har sau 150 a rana.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hotuna: Baby King Penguin
A baya can, penguins suna narkar da sau ɗaya a shekara, amma saboda canjin yanayi, sun fara canza ƙwan zuma duk bayan shekaru biyu. Lokacin saduwa yana farawa yayin zafin nama. Penguins suna zuwa ƙasa kuma suna jiran gashin tsuntsaye masu ɗumi su faɗi, kuma siririn gashin tsuntsu ya kasance. Wannan lokacin yayi daidai da lokacin bazara. Penguins suna fitowa zuwa wurare masu duwatsu tare da pebbles da yawa. Maza suna fara motsawa cikin rake rayayyu kuma galibi suna juya kawunansu, suna jawo hankalin mata. Wannan yana nuna cewa namiji a shirye yake ya zama uba. Wasu lokuta maza na iya daga fukafukansu su yi ihu, suna jan hankalin mata.
Ba da daɗewa ba ake samun rikice-rikice tsakanin maza a kan mata. Sannan penguins suna doke juna da fikafikan su da bakunansu, bayan haka kuma mai hasara ya tafi. Mace da namiji suna “rawa” na ɗan lokaci, suna ɗan taɓa juna da fikafikansu da bakunansu. Bayan rawa, penguins din suna abokiyar zama, sannan ci gaba da rawa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Penguins suna da sha'awar samo irin ɗayan da suke da ɗiya da kakar wasan data gabata. Wannan ba koyaushe bane lamarin, amma wani lokacin irin waɗannan nau'i-nau'i na iya samarwa na dogon lokaci.
A watan Disamba, mace ta sanya kwai daya, wanda ta rike a karkashin kitse a kasan ciki. Tana motsawa, tana tallafawa kwai a kan tafin hannu - dole ne a bar shi ya taɓa ƙasa mai sanyi, in ba haka ba kajin zai daskare. A makon farko na daukar ciki, mace na ba da kwan ga namiji, sai ta bar ta ciyar da makonni biyu zuwa uku. Don haka suna canzawa a duk tsawon lokacin shiryawar da kulawar kajin.
Kajin yakan kyankyashe bayan sati takwas. An rufe shi cikin laushi, har yanzu yana zaune a ƙarƙashin garken mahaifinsa. Kajin yana bukatar girma ta farkon yanayin sanyi, in ba haka ba ba zai rayu lokacin yunwa ba. A cikin daji, penguins suna rayuwa sama da shekaru 25.
Abokan gaba na sarki penguin
Hoto: Wasu penguins na sarki
Penguins suna haɗu da masu cin nama musamman a cikin ruwa. Yawancin lokaci waɗannan sune halittu masu zuwa:
- Wailejin kashe-kashe sune ƙwararrun mafarautan penguin. Suna tuka penguins a kan kankara na kankara suna zagaye, suna tilasta sandar kankara ta karye. Hakazalika, suna farautar hatimi;
- hatimun damisa - za su iya isa ga penguins a kan ƙasa, amma godiya ga zamiya a kan cikinsu, penguins yawanci sukan tarar da su, kodayake a cikin damisoshin ruwa a sauƙaƙe suna kama manyan penguins;
- zakunan teku;
- fararen sharks;
- seagulls - suna satar qwai na penguin;
- shigo da kuliyoyi da karnuka;
- petrels da albatrosses - waɗannan na iya kashe kajin.
Penguins basu san yadda zasu kare kansu ba, kuma cetonsu kawai shine sauri. A cikin ruwa, suna ta iyo sosai a tsakanin duwatsu da kankara, suna rikitar da abokan gaba, kuma a kan ƙasa suna zamewa a kan ciki, don haka saurin.
A kan ƙasa, ba safai ake kai wa penguins hari ba, tunda sun yi ɗan nesa kaɗan da ruwa kuma suna tsaye cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi. A cikin garken, penguins na iya ihu da ƙarfi ga abokan gaba da kuma sanar da abokan haɗari. Penguins koyaushe suna tsayawa a tsakiyar da'irar, ta hanyar manya.
King penguins wani lokacin suna tsoron ruwa. Wani rukuni na penguins ya zo gefen don fara ciyarwa, amma suna jinkirin shiga cikin ruwan. Suna iya tafiya a gefen ruwan na tsawon awanni, har sai dayan penguins din ya nutse - to garken zai bi.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hotuna: Baby King Penguin
Har zuwa shekarar 1918, mutane sun lalata penguins marasa ƙarfi kamar tsuntsayen wasa, kodayake basu da wata mahimmancin ma'ana ga mutane. Lokacin da yawan jama'a suka ƙi zuwa mawuyacin hali, an ɗauki matakan kiyayewa. Yawan penguin ya murmure da sauri, hakanan godiya ga kiyaye ma'aurata da yawa cikin fursuna.
Yawan mutanen penguin din sarki ya kai miliyan 3-4. Barazanar bacewa ba ta tashi sama da wadannan tsuntsayen ba, duk da haka, a cewar masana kimiyya, dumamar yanayi na iya rage yawansu sosai a karshen karnin.
Manyan kankara masu narkewa sun yanke yawan mutanen sarki penguin da sama da kashi 70 cikin 100 - wannan kusan kusan miliyan 1 ne na dindindin. Sakamakon raguwar abinci, za a tilasta wa tsuntsayen neman sabbin wuraren abinci, sakamakon hakan ba za su samar da zuriya ba na dogon lokaci.
Hakanan, dalilin yiwuwar bacewar penguins shine babban kamun kifi, wanda ke haifar da raguwar kifi sosai. Penguins wani muhimmin bangare ne na sarkar abinci kuma bacewarsu zata rage yawan adadin dambobin damisa, kifayen kifayen da sauran dabbobin da ke cin wadannan tsuntsaye.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Gidan Zoo na Scotland yana da penguin mai suna Niels Olaf, wanda aka haɓaka zuwa janar a cikin 2016. Shi mascot ne na Royalan Sarauta na Kasar Norway. An girka mutum-mutumi mai tsawon tsayi don girmamawarsa.
Sarki penguin - wakilin dangi, na biyu a girma kawai ga sarki penguin. Wadannan kyawawan tsuntsayen suna zaune a Kudancin Yankin duniya kuma sune mahimmin bangare na yanayin halittu. Yanzu ana daukar duk matakan da za a iya kiyaye wannan nau'in tsuntsaye masu ban mamaki.
Ranar bugawa: 18.07.2019
Ranar da aka sabunta: 25.09.2019 a 21:21
