Whale mai kashewa ɗan dabba ne mai cin nama wanda ke mallakar dangin dolphin kuma yana rayuwa a ƙetaren yankin ruwa na Tekun Duniya. Ga mutane, wannan dabbar, a matsayin ƙa'ida, ba ta da wata barazana, kuma a cikin mazauninsu yana da abokantaka da su. A lokaci guda, babu ɗayan dabbobin da ke cikin ruwa kamar hatimi ko zakunan teku, balle cephalopods da kifi, da zai iya samun kwanciyar hankali a cikin yankin garken kifayen kifayen da ke kashewa.
Bayanin kifin whale
Ofaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan rarrabewa game da kisan kifin whale shine bambancin launin fari da fari, wanda, tare da ƙwanƙolin ƙoshin dorsal, ya sa wannan kifin yake bayyane daga nesa kuma mai iya gane shi sosai. A halin yanzu, nau'ikan kifayen kifi kifi ne kawai aka sani, kodayake jinsuna biyu na wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa sun wanzu kafin Pliocene. Aƙalla, zamanin Pliocene ne burbushin burbushin kifin whales da aka samo kusa da garin Tuscany na ƙasar Italia wanda ya gabata.
Bayyanar
Whale mai kashewa dabba ce mafi girma da ke da asali na asali.... Jikin kifi whale yana da sifa mai tsayi, don haka a cikin bayanan ta na waje yayi kama da dabbar dolfin. Girmansa zai iya kaiwa mita 10, kuma nauyinsa ya haura tan 8. Fuskar dorsal tana da girma, a wasu musamman ma manyan maza tana iya kaiwa mita 1.6 ko fiye. Fyallen kirji na kifin kifi mai faɗi yana da faɗi, suna da siffar oval.
Filayen wutsiya an raba su biyu, gajere, amma masu karfi sosai: tare da taimakonsa, wannan dabba mai shayarwa na iya zuwa saurin zuwa 55 km / h. Shugaban kifin kifin whale ya kasance gajere kuma ya yi laushi kaɗan, kuma a cikin bakin, sanye take da maƙogwaro masu ƙarfi, akwai layuka biyu na manyan hakora, wanda da kisan kifin kifin ya kashe ganima. Tsawon kowane haƙori na wannan mai farautar teku yakan kai 13 cm.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Siffar ɗigon a cikin kowane kifin whale mai kama da fasalin yatsan hannu a cikin mutane. Babu wasu mutane biyu na wannan nau'in, wanda tabo zai zama daidai yake da girman su da sifofin su.
Launin kifin whale mai kashewa baƙar fata ne, wanda aka haɗa shi da ɗigon farin haske masu haske sama da idanuwa, da sauran alamun farin. Don haka, maƙogwaronta fari ne fari, kuma akwai alamar fari a tsaye a cikin cikinta. A baya, bayan fin, akwai tabon sirdi mai ruwan toka. A cikin Arctic da Antarctic killer whales, farin tabo na iya zama kore saboda ƙarancin diatoms ɗin da ke rufe su. Kuma a arewacin Tekun Fasifik, za ku iya ganin bakaken fatar gaba daya da fararen zabiya masu kifi whales.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Kifi Whale suna ƙoƙarin kiyayewa a cikin garken, kuma lambar su a cikin rukuni, a ƙa'ida, ba ta wuce mutane 20 ba. Haka kuma, manyan garken na iya hadawa da mazan 3 ko 4, yayin da ragowar garken mata ne masu kyanwa. Naman kifin Whale galibi yakan tashi daga wannan garken zuwa wata, amma mata, a ƙa'ida, suna rayuwa a cikin garken guda duk rayuwarsu. Bugu da ƙari, duk membobin rukunin kifayen kifayen yawanci yawanci dangi ne kuma suna da kusanci da juna. An rarraba babban garken zuwa ƙananan ƙananan ƙungiyoyi, kowane ɗayan yana da takamaiman saitin siginonin sauti waɗanda ke tattare da wannan rukuni na dabbobi kawai, da waɗanda waɗanda kishirya masu kisa za su iya fitarwa ba tare da wata dangantaka ba.
Garken zai iya kasu kashi da yawa yayin neman ganima ko wasu ayyuka lokacin da ya zama dole a raba tarin dabbobi zuwa kananan kanana da yawa. Amma akasin haka ma yakan faru: lokacin da kifaye masu kashewa daga garken daban suka haɗu zuwa rukuni ɗaya. Wannan na faruwa yayin lokacin kiwo, lokacin da mata ke bukatar nema wa kansu abokin aure.
Gaskiyar ita ce cewa tare da maza daga garken su, mata, a ƙa'ida, ba sa yin aure saboda gaskiyar cewa su danginsu ne. Kuma tsallakawa da ke da alaƙa da juna, ko kuma, a taƙaice, rayayyun halittu, haɗari ne da farko saboda yana ƙaruwa da yiwuwar wasu canje-canje a cikin zuriya. A saboda wannan dalili ne ya sa mata kifayen da ke kashe mata su nemi abokin tarayya wa kansu a gefe, a cikin sauran garken da ba su da kusanci da ita.
Membobin wannan rukuni yawanci suna da abokantaka ga abokan aikinsu waɗanda suke rukuni ɗaya da kansu. Tallafawa da taimakon juna sun bunƙasa tsakanin waɗannan dabbobin, har ma tsakanin kifayen dolphin, lokacin da lafiyayyu kuma masu ƙarfi manyan kifayen kifayen suka kula da tsofaffi, marasa lafiya, ko waɗanda suka ji rauni, kula da su da kuma ba su kariya.
Wukai masu kisa suna yin iyo sosai, galibi suna iyo cikin ruwa, inda suke kusa da bakin teku.
Kamar dolphins, waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna son wasa kuma suna da saurin motsi da sauri. Daga cikin mahautan, masu dauke da kisan whales ana daukar su marasa tausayi da masu zubar da jini game da su wanda akwai jita-jita da yawa masu ban tsoro, amma, a zahiri, a cikin yanayi na yau da kullun, kifayen kifayen ba sa barazana ga mutane. A cikin tarihin, kawai an san wasu batutuwa na kisan gillar da suka kai wa mutane hari, sannan kuma, a zahiri, wannan ya riga ya kasance cikin ƙaura, kuma ba cikin mazauninsu ba.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Da zarar cikin bauta, kifayen kifayen kisankai, abokantaka da mutane a cikin yanayin yanayi, na iya zama da saurin fushi. A bayyane, wannan halin yana haifar da damuwa ne saboda kasancewa a cikin keɓantaccen wuri, da kuma rashin nishaɗi da dogon buri ga wuraren da suka saba.
Kifayen kifayen da ke kamawa suna jure wa hatimai, zakunan teku, da sauran dabbobin da ke kusa da teku, amma na iya yin gaba da mutane har ma da yunkurin kai musu hari.
Har yaushe mai kisan whale yake rayuwa
Wailejin Killer suna rayuwa da ɗan tsayi don dabbobi masu shayarwa, kodayake ba su da yawa da yawa... Matsakaicin lokacin rayuwar kifin whales ya kai shekaru 50-60, amma a cikin yanayi mai kyau za su iya rayuwa fiye da haka. A cikin bauta, waɗannan kakannin sun rayu kaɗan: sau 2-3 ƙasa da na daji.
Jima'i dimorphism
Bambancin waje tsakanin maza da mata ba a bayyana su sosai, amma, duk da haka, suna nan. Don haka, alal misali, maza na kifayen kifi sun fi girma girma da nauyi fiye da mata, kuma ƙarshen doronsu ya kusan zama madaidaiciya a siffa kuma ya fi girma - har zuwa mita 1.5, yayin da a mata kusan ya fi tsayi biyu a tsayi kuma aka tanƙwara.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Maza da mata na whale masu kisa ba sa bambanta da juna a launi. Bambance-bambancen dake tsakanin su ya shafi tsayin jikinsu ne kawai, girman sa, da kuma girman su.
Wurin zama, mazauni
Yankin rarraba kifin kifin whale yana da fa'ida da gaske: waɗannan dabbobin suna rayuwa a duk yankin ruwa na Tekun Duniya, ban da Black, Azov da tekun arewaci biyu: Gabashin Siberia da Tekun Laptev, inda bahar whale suke rayuwa kuma ba sa ma iya yin iyo kwatsam. Kifi Whale suna ƙoƙari su kasance ba su fi kilomita 800 daga rairayin bakin teku ba kuma suna da damar zama a cikin yankuna masu sanyi da sanyi fiye da na wurare masu zafi ko ma a cikin subtropics. A cikin ruwan teku na Rasha, ana iya ganin waɗannan dabbobin teku kusa da Tsibirin Kuril da na Kwamanda.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Kifin Whale na iya nitsewa zuwa zurfin mita 300, amma, sun gwammace kada su tsaya a ƙarƙashin ruwa na dogon lokaci: bayan kimanin minti 4 sai su fito saman.
Abincin kifi whale
Tushen abincin kifin whales shine kifi, cephalopods da dabbobi masu shayarwa, gami da kifayen ruwa, waɗanda sunfi ƙarfin whale masu kisa a girma da nauyi..
A lokaci guda, wasu al'ummomin sun fi son farauta, misali, kifi, yayin da wasu kifayen kifayen da ke rayuwa a kusan yanki daya suka fi so, misali, hatimin kamar wasan. Abincin waɗannan mutanen kifin ya dogara da waɗancan ƙananan rukunoni da suke: wucewa ko tashin hankali. Mutane masu zaman kansu suna cin kifi da kifin kifi irin su squid ko dorinar ruwa.
Wasu lokuta, duk da haka, suna iya farautar hatimin jariri, waɗanda suke da sauƙi a gare su kuma tuni daga wannan ganimar ganima. Amma kifin whale mai wucewa na ainihi yan iska ne na gaske. Suna kai hari tare da garken tumaki ba kawai kifayen koguna ko kifayen salama ba, har ma da sharks masu zubar da jini. A lokaci guda, a yayin haɗuwa, sharks kawai ba su da wata dama a kansu: babba mai kashe kifi, koda shi kaɗai ne, kuma ba a cikin garken tumaki ba, na iya haifar mata da munanan raunuka galibi da hakoranta masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi.
Kifi Whales na farauta, galibi galibi a cikin rukuni. Don haka, lokacin farautar kifi, sai suka juya layi daya kuma, suna ci gaba da sadarwa da juna ta hanyar sauyin yanayi, bayan sun sami ganima, sun kori makarantar kifi zuwa farfajiya, a lokaci guda suna samar da wasu nau'ikan ball mai yawa, wanda ya kunshi kifi, ko danna shi zuwa gaɓar tekun ... Sai kifin kifin ya kashe kifin da ƙarfi da wutsiya.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Wailen Killer da ke zaune kusa da gabar tekun Patagonia kuma suna farautar zakuna a teku har ma suna tsalle zuwa teku don kwasar abincinsu. Sabili da haka, koda a bakin teku, garken filayen finafinai ba zasu iya zama lafiya ba. Kuma, hatimin farauta ko penguins a kan kankara, waɗannan dabbobin suna yin nutsewa a ƙarƙashin kankara sannan kuma su busa dukkan jikinsu, juya shi, ko kuma da taimakon ƙusoshin wutsiyarsu, kifaye masu kisan gilla suna ƙirƙirar igiyar ruwa mai tsayi, da ita suke wanke abincinsu a cikin teku.
Lokacin farautar hatimai, kifayen kifayen kishirwa suna shirya kwanton bauna na gaske, ta hanyar amfani da yanayin ƙasa don wannan dalilin. Waɗannan masu farautar teku suna tuka dabbobin dolphin ɗayan a lokaci ɗaya, ko kuma kewaye su da ƙungiyoyi da yawa waɗanda suka haɗu. Manya manyan kifayen ruwa galibi maza ne ke kai musu hari, tunda a wasu lokuta mata ba sa iya jimrewa da ƙarfi kuma, mai yiwuwa, haɗari ne a gare su gwarzo mai zaman lafiya. Whale masu kashe maza, bayan sun hau kan whale, suna kama abin da suke ganima ta cikin makogwaro da fika don kada ya tashi zuwa saman. A yayin farautar kifin whale na mata, mata ma suna shiga.
A wannan yanayin, aikin su akasin haka ne: don hana wanda aka cutar zuwa zurfin. Amma whale whales na guje wa whale whale na maza, saboda sun fi ƙarfin su kuma suna iya haifar da haɗari mai girma. Matsayin mai ƙa'ida, lokacin farautar manyan dabbobi, kifayen kifayen kishirwa suna ƙoƙari su yaƙi mara lafiya ko raunin dabba daga garken. Sau da yawa, har ila yau, kifayen kifayen kifayen na iya kai hari ga ƙuruciya da ta girma. Amma wani lokacin yakan zama da wahalar yin wannan, yayin da kifayen koguna ke tsananin kare zuriyarsu, wani lokaci kawai suna hana garken kifayen kifayen da ke kashewa daga kusantar yaransu, ba tare da ambaton kokarin kassara su daga iyayensu mata ba.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
Ba a fahimci fasalin kiwo na kifin whale ba. Masana kimiyya kawai zasu iya ɗauka cewa lokacin saduwa ga waɗannan masu cin ruwa a cikin rani da kaka.
Ba a san kaɗan game da tsawon lokacin cikin ciki a cikin mata masu kisa ba. Masana ilimin dabbobi kawai suna ɗauka cewa mata wannan nau'in suna ɗaukar beara theiransu ba ƙasa da watanni 16-17 ba. Amma sananne ne tabbatacce cewa ɗiya ɗaya aka haifa a lokacin da ya dace.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Balaga a cikin matasa masu kisan whales na faruwa ne a shekaru 12-14, daga wannan shekarun waɗannan dabbobin sun riga sun iya haifuwa. Maza da suka girma sun kasance cikin garken mahaifiyarsu, kuma samari mata suna barin wasu gungun maharba masu kisan kai domin su shiga ɗaya daga cikin garken da ke akwai ko kuma sun sami sabo.
Tsawon jikin sabon ɗan kifin whale a lokacin haihuwa ya riga ya kasance mita 2.5-2.7. A tsawon rayuwarta, matan wadannan dabbobin, a matsakaita, suna haihuwar 'ya'yanta guda shida. Ya daina haifuwa yana da kimanin shekaru arba'in, amma har ma bayan hakan yana rayuwa na dogon lokaci: wani lokacin ma shekaru da yawa.
Makiya na halitta
A cikin yanayin yanayi, kifayen kifayen ba su da abokan gaba na halitta, tun da ma sharks suna tsoron tuntuɓar ta... Ko da kuwa wasu lokutan wasu manyan kifaye na yi wa samari ko rauni whale masu rauni, koda kuwa kifayen da ke farauta ba su da damar cin nasara kaɗan. Kuma, ganin cewa babu wasu masu wuce gona da iri a cikin teku da suka fi girma fiye da fararen shark ɗin nan ɗaya ko mai kisan whale da kansa, to waɗannan dabbobin ba dole su ji tsoron sauran masu cin abincin ba.
A kan wannan, za mu iya yanke hukunci cewa mutum ne kawai zai iya zama mai haɗari ga kifayen kifayen kishirwa, kuma hakan, ba shi da kansa kamar ayyukansa da nufin haƙa ma'adinai a cikin tekuna, da kamun kifi da cephalopod molluscs, da aka gudanar a wasu daga cikin ƙasashe. A halin na ƙarshe, masu farautar fararen fata da fari suna fama da lalacewar babban abincinsu.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Babu cikakken bayani kan adadin kifayen kifayen da suka fi yawa. Nau'in, a halin yanzu, an sanya shi matsayin "rashin wadatattun bayanai", tunda har yanzu ba abu ne mai sauki ba nazarin salon rayuwar wadannan dabbobi ba, da kuma siffofin halayensu da halayensu. Whales masu kashe hankali, duk da irin ƙawancen da suke da shi ga mutane, da ƙyar za ta ba wa masu bincike damar kusanto da kansu kawai, ba tare da ambaton cewa sun natsu yayin shigar fitilar rediyo a jikinsu.
Koyaya, duk da karancin karancin nazarin rayuwar rayuwar wadannan halittu da rashin muhimman bayanai game da su, masana kimiyya sunyi imanin cewa ba za a yi barazanar bacewar kifin whale a nan gaba ba, tunda wannan jinsin na kowa ne, wanda mazaunin sa ya mamaye yankin kusan duk Duniya teku.
Darajar kasuwanci
A hukumance, an dakatar da farautar farautar kifayen kifayen kifi a cikin duk wayewar duniyar a shekarar 1982 bayan gabatar da wata doka ta musamman da nufin kare wadannan dabbobin daga karuwar jama'a kuma, mai yuwuwa, bacewar ta gaba. Koyaya, duk da wannan dakatarwar, wasu 'yan asalin ƙasar, musamman waɗanda ke zaune a Arewa, inda babu wasa sosai, suna ci gaba da farautar waɗannan dabbobi. Ba za a iya hana irin wannan kamun kifi son matakin doka ba. Amma ko da a cikin ƙasashe masu wayewa, ana kama whale masu kisan kai don dalilan kimiyya kuma don adana su cikin akwatinan ruwa don nishaɗin jama'a.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A halin yanzu, batun sanya kifayen kifayen kisassu a cikin fursunoni ana daukar su a matsayin mai rikitarwa, tun da cewa duk da cewa a cikin mazauninsu na dabbobin suna da kyakkyawar mu'amala da mutane kuma suna nuna son sani maimakon cin zarafinsu, a cikin fursunoni da yawa daga cikin kifayen da suka kashe maras kyau. Ba kasafai suke wahalar da sauran dabbobin da ke zaune a kusa ba, amma suna iya afka wa mai koyar da su. Hakanan ya kamata a lura cewa ba ƙaramar rawar da ake takawa wajen rage yawan kifayen kifayen kifaye ba shine gaskiyar cewa waɗannan maƙarƙancin da ke cikin fursuna suna rayuwa ƙasa da ta waɗanda ke rayuwa cikin yanci.
Whale mai kashewa ƙaƙƙarfan mahaukaci ne mai haɗari na teku wanda dangi ne na dabbar dolphin kuma dangi ɗaya ne. Whale Killer suna rayuwa a cikin Tekun Duniya, a duk yankin da yake da ruwa, amma sun fi son zama a cikin ruwan sanyi da yanayi. Suna iyo a cikin yankuna masu zafi ba safai ba kuma, a matsayin mai ƙa'ida, basa tsayawa na dogon lokaci. Wadannan dabbobin suna da tsarin zamantakewar mai matukar ban sha'awa wanda yayi kama da wani abu kamar hankali. Kifi Whale suna riƙe da asirai da asirai da yawa waɗanda masana kimiyya da ke nazarin su ba su koya ba.
