Karen Makiyayan Caucasian shine mafi dadewar kare, wanda ya shahara a tsakanin masu kiwon kare na cikin gida, wanda asalin sa ya bayyana a cikin Caucasus sama da shekaru dubu biyu. An wakilta nau'in daga karnukan da suka haɓaka na tsaka-tsakin tsayi, masu ƙarfi, tare da rigar ƙasa mai kauri.
Tarihin asalin nau'in
Karejin Makiyayan Caucasian sanannen nau'in ne wanda ya fito daga tsoffin karnukan Caucasian, sun bazu sosai a cikin yankunan da ke dab da hawan Caucasian da kuma a cikin yankuna masu tudu na kudancin Rasha. Samuwar wannan nau'in ya faru ba kawai sakamakon zaɓin yanayi ba, har ma a ƙarƙashin tasirin tasirin al'adun ƙasa na dogon lokaci na mutanen Caucasus.
Daga mahangar tarihi, Karkunan Makiyayan Makiyayan Caucasian na farko sun kasance cikin tsananin buƙatu a cikin ayyukan tsaro, don kiyaye garken shanu da gidajen mutane.... A karo na farko, an ambaci wakilan wannan nau'in a matsayin manyan karnuka masu kama-da-iska waɗanda yaƙe-yaƙe suke amfani da su a cikin sojojin ƙasar Assuriya.
Aikin kiwo tare da nau'in ya fara a cikin ƙasarmu a cikin karnin da ya gabata. A yayin aiwatar da irin wannan aikin, an ba da kulawa ta musamman ga ci gaban halaye na asali da na asali, waɗanda ƙarfin jiki, ƙarfin zuciya da rashin tsoro suka wakilta, ƙararrakin ji sosai, ƙwarewar gani sosai, da kuma kasancewar cikakkiyar riga mai kauri da ruwa.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Ingantattun halaye da halaye na gari, haɗe da juriya mai ban mamaki, suna ba mutum damar yin amfani da karnukan Makiyayan Caucasian a cikin yanayi daban-daban har ma da mawuyacin yanayi, gami da yankuna masu tsananin arewa.
Yanzu akwai adadi mai yawa na fassarorin da ke bayanin asalin Kawayen Makiyayan Caucasian. Mafi yawan abin da aka ambata sune wasu manyan sigar, waɗanda ba a tabbatar da su ta hanyar bayanan gaskiya ba. A cewar ɗayansu, wannan ƙirar ta samo asali ne daga abin da ake kira Karnukan Tibet ko karnuka masu diban kaya.
Dangane da fasali na biyu, tsohuwar daɗaɗɗiya - masarautar Urartu-Ararat, inda ake amfani da dabbobi iri ɗaya don tsare birane ko kagara - ya zama gidan karnuka. An yi amannar cewa a cikin 1765 Karnukan Makiyayan Caucasian sun kasance cikin matukar buƙata kamar karnukan tsaro a cikin sojojin Turkiyya. Har zuwa yau, nau'in ya yi nasara sosai yana yin aikin tsaro.
Bayani na Karejin Makiyayan Caucasian
Matsakaicin nauyin balagaggen Karektan Kareni yana a kewayon kilogiram 55-70, amma wani lokacin yakan kai kilogiram 100-110 ko ma fiye da haka, saboda irin waɗannan karnukan suna daga cikin wakilan manyan zuriya. Dangane da tsayi da nau'in sutura, akwai manyan nau'ikan guda uku - masu gajeren gashi, matsakaici da masu dogon gashi. Zaɓin na ƙarshe shine sanannen sananne kuma ya shahara sosai tare da ƙwararrun masu kiwon kare.
Matsayi na asali
Ka'idodin jinsin sun haɗa da sigogin da bayyanar ta gari da mahimman yanayi, yanayi da ɗabi'a, da kwatancin kai da jiki, gaɓoɓi da girma, nau'in sutura da launinta:
- kai - tare da kasancewar ɓangaren ɓawo mai faɗi, mai faɗi, tare da yanki mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na kumatu da faɗin yanki mai faɗi, wanda aka raba ta ƙaramar tsagi;
- muzzle - gajere ne kwatankwacin yankin na gaba, mai ɗan kaɗan, mai kauri, amma bushe kuma mai matse kumburi, babban hanci mai faɗi, baƙi ko launin ruwan kasa;
- kunnuwa - na nau'in halayyar rataye, tare da babban saiti, daidai kuma ba da daɗewa ba;
- idanu - ƙananan girman, launi mai duhu, oval a cikin siffar, tare da saiti mai zurfi;
- hakora - manya da fari, ingantattu ne, suna haɗe da juna, tare da incisors waɗanda suke a gindi a cikin layi ɗaya da cizon almakashi;
- wuya - gajere kuma mai ƙarfi, an saita shi ƙasa kuma a kusurwar 30-40 ° dangane da yankin dorsal;
- kirji yana da zurfin gaske kuma yana da fadi, yana da dan karamin tsari, tare da matsakaiciyar ciki;
- Withers - murdede da faɗi, an bayyana su sosai a saman layin dorsal;
- baya madaidaiciya ne, mai faɗi kuma mai tsoka, tare da gajere da faɗi, ɗan kwankwason kwankwaso;
- croup - murdede da fadi, saita kusan a kwance;
- wutsiya - saiti mai tsayi, faɗuwa ƙasa, kai matakin haɗin mahaɗa, sikila, zobe ko ƙugiya;
- gaban goshin kafa - a layi daya kuma madaidaiciya ga juna, tare da keɓaɓɓiyar ƙafa a matakin 50-54;
- Hannatu na baya - saita kai tsaye da kuma daidaita da juna, tare da gajerun kafafu, masu ƙarfi da faffadan hocks, ba tare da tause ba;
- ƙafafun kafa da na baya - babba cikin girma, oval, wanda aka zana a dunƙulen halayya.
Motsa jiki ya zama kyauta, yawanci ba gaggawa. Ana ɗaukar ɗan gajeren gajere azaman halayyar halayya, a matsayin mai ƙa'ida, yayin aiwatar da hanzari, ya juye zuwa canter mai ɗan nauyi kaɗan. Launi na sutura na iya zama launin toka na zonal, na daban-daban, yawanci ja da launuka masu haske. Karnuka masu launin ja, fawn da fari, launin ruwan kasa da brindle, kazalika da launuka masu launuka iri-iri suna shahara.
Halin kare
Kareran Makiyayan Caucasian karnuka ne masu nau'ikan VNI mai daidaitaccen-daidaitaccen yanayi, tare da ingantaccen nau'in kariyar kariya, wanda aka bayyana a yanayin aiki. A cikin yanayin wannan nau'in, rashin yarda da ƙeta ga baƙi ana bayyane.... Dangane da tsarin da aka kafa a halin yanzu, Karejin Makiyayan Caucasian bai kamata ya zama mai kasala da wauta ga baƙi ba, matsoraci kuma mai tsananin magana da maganganu. Macizai na ucan Karen garken Karekin Caucasian sun fi yarda, kuma maza sun fi dacewa don kiyaye ƙwararrun masu kiwon kare kawai.
Tsawon rayuwa
Matsakaicin matsakaiciyar rayuwar rajista ta kare ta Makiyayan Caucasian ta kai kimanin shekaru goma zuwa goma sha biyu. Koyaya, gwargwadon dokokin abinci mai gina jiki da kulawa mai dacewa, ana iya tsawaita rayuwar dabbar gidan wannan nau'in.
Kiyaye Karen Makiyayan Caucasian a gida
Kula da gida da kula da Karen Makiyayan Caucasian ba ayyuka ne masu wahala ba, amma, duk da haka, zasu buƙaci wani ilimi ko ƙwarewa na musamman daga mai su. Mafi rashin kyauta cikin sharuddan kiyayewa suna aiki Kare-garken Makiyayan Caucasian - kula da su abu ne mai sauki kuma kadan.
Kulawa da tsafta
A lokacin tafiya mai nisa, rigar wakilan masu dogon gashi na jinsin suna da datti sosai, kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ya zama mai kyau a yi wanka da dabbobin gida kusan sau biyu a cikin watan. Don hana bayyanar tangle, yankin a cikin duwawun, da kuma a cikin farjin dabbar da kuma kan mahaɗan hock, nan da nan bayan wanka, ana bi da shi da man shafawa na musamman. Kuna iya bushe ulu bayan hanyoyin ruwa tare da tawul na Terry ko na'urar busar gashi tare da jirgin iska mara zafi. Don karnukan masu gashi mai waya, ya isa ya tsefe tare da tsefe na musamman kuma yayi wanka sau ɗaya a wata.
Mahimmanci! Tsabtace ido yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, tunda ga wasu wakilan nau'in kasancewar fatar ido a sako-sako da hali ne, wanda ke haifar da matakai na kumburi mai saurin canzawa da tsanani.
Babban matsalar kunnuwan Caucasian Shepherd Dog shine kaska, wanda ke damun dabbobin galibi a lokacin dumi. Yana da matukar mahimmanci lokaci-lokaci don bincika auricles a hankali, da kuma tsabtace su a hankali daga ectoparasites, tarin datti ko sulfur. Lokaci-lokaci ana buƙatar bincika bakin dabbar don kasancewar gutsutsuren ƙashi ko kwakwalwan kwamfuta, plaque ko caries. Ana cire duk wani tarkace da sauran jikin baƙi tare da wweezers, kuma ana tsabtace allo tare da burushi na musamman da ƙurar hakori.
Yadda ake ciyar da ɗan Caucasian
Babban nau'in yana buƙatar inganci mai kyau, isasshen abinci mai gina jiki da kuma cikakken rashi wuce gona da iri... Matsakaicin ƙa'idar yau da kullun na abincin ƙasa shine 35-45 g a kowace kilogram na nauyin dabba, kuma yayin cin abinci busasshe, yakamata ku dogara da giram 10-15 g na kowane kilogram na nauyin Caucasian.
Mahimmanci! Cututtukan da suka fi yaduwa na wannan nau'in sun hada da dysplasia na hip, bursitis, ciwon sukari mellitus, degenerative myelopathy, da enterocolitis da ocular pathologies.
Ya kamata a lura cewa karnukan wannan nau'in suna da aiki mai kyau, don haka ana iya ɗaukar abinci ba kawai da sauri ba, har ma da inganci.
Kuna iya ciyar da ppan kwikwiyo na Makarantar Caucasian tare da abinci na ɗabi'a ko cikakkun abincin da aka tsara musamman don puan kwikwiyo. Ya kamata a kara yawan hankali ga yawan kayan naman cikin abincin dabbobin gidan:
- har zuwa watanni biyu - 250-350 g;
- daga makonni takwas zuwa watanni hudu - 380-400 g;
- daga watanni hudu zuwa watanni shida - 580-600 g;
- daga watanni shida zuwa shekara tara - kimanin 800 g;
- daga watanni tara zuwa shekara - kimanin kilogram 1.0.
Mahimmanci! Daga cikin kayayyakin da Karen Makiyayan na Caucasian ya haramta akwai kashin kaji, naman alade da naman alade, da nama mai hayaki, zababbe, kek da sauran abinci daga teburin maigidan.
Ka'idar bayar da nama ga babban kare kusan 700-800 g ne kowace rana. Ana iya wakiltar abinci na asali ta nama mai kauri da na waje, ɗanyen dafaffun kayan lambu, hatsi da kayayyakin kiwo.
Cututtuka da lahani na asali
Mafi yawan lahani na asali da aka kafa ta ƙa'idodin Karen Makiyayan Caucasian sune:
- haske, kunkuntar kai tare da ɗamara mai kaifi da sama, wanda bai dace da ginin gaba ɗaya ba;
- idanu daban-daban;
- saukar da ƙananan idanun ido waɗanda ke fallasa wani ɓangare na cutar kwalara;
- rareananan ƙananan hakora masu launin rawaya tare da enamel mai tsananin lalacewa;
- incisors ba a kan layi ɗaya ba;
- rashin sama da hakora uku;
- nono mai fadi, kunkuntar, ko rashin ci gaba;
- yayi tsayi da yawa, ratsewa ko ta baya baya;
- sagging ko hunched baya;
- kafadu madaidaiciya ko nuna;
- tare da lankwasa hannuwan hannu masu lankwasa;
- kaifin gwiwar hannu;
- fastosai masu rauni sosai;
- Alamar sananniya ko kwancen kafa na wata gabar jiki ko biyu;
- kunkuntar, gajere ko tsalle-tsalle;
- ɗaure da motsi masu nauyi;
- croup ya tashi sama yayin motsi;
- tare da kaifin motsi na croup a cikin shugabanci na tsaye;
- amble amble;
- sako-sako da sako-sako ko ƙafafun farauta;
- karkacewa daga daidaito;
- sananne a mike ko baya baya mai karfi;
- bayyana saber.
Za'a iya wakiltar lahani na gashi ta gashi mai laushi da raɗaɗi ba tare da kasancewar rigar ƙasa ba, har ma da baƙar fata mai tsabta, baƙar fata tare da launuka iri-iri da launin ruwan kasa a cikin haɗuwa da yawa. Matsoraci, dabbobin da ba a iya kiyaye su ba ko kuma waƙoƙi an hana su. Ba a nuna godiya ga karnukan da ba su da lafiya ko suka ji rauni yayin da aka nuna su.
Ilimi da horo
Duk cikin tsarin horo da ilimantarwa, kada kayi gaggawa ko ihu a dabbobin ka, tare da amfani da karfi, tunda a wannan yanayin Karen Makiyayan Caucasian na iya janyewa ko zama mai jin haushi. Yakamata ayi amfani da isasshen hukunci idan akwai zalunci akan yan uwa.
Yana da ban sha'awa! An ba da shawarar fara koyarwa da horar da Karen Makiyayan Caucasian yana da shekara uku, tare da fifikon girmamawa kan kula da irin wadannan umarni kamar "Kusa da", "Ba a ba da izini ba" ko "Fu", "Wuri", da kuma yadda ya dace da sanya bakin.
A matakin girma, dabbar dabba dole ne ta tabbata ta ba da damar sadarwa tare da sauran dabbobi. Karnukan manya na wannan nau'in sun kusa kusan shekaru biyu, bayan haka dabbar na da wahalar mu'amala.
Sayi ucan kwikwiyo na Makiyayan Caucasian
Kafin siyan dabbobin dabbobin kare garken Kaucasian, kana buƙatar tantance ƙayyadadden irin wannan kare. An sayi "Caucasians" da nufin kariya, haka kuma don amfani da ita a kiwo ko kuma shiga cikin wasu nune-nunen baje koli.
Abin da za a nema
Don ayyukan tsaro, yana da kyau a zabi kwikwiyo daga iyayen da ke da difloma na aikin tsaro... Kasancewa da cin nasara a cikin nune-nunen za a bayar da su ne ta puan kwikwiyo da aka karɓa daga masu nasara ko waɗanda suka ci kyaututtukan nune-nunen. A cikin aikin kiwo, ana amfani da karnuka waɗanda ke da ƙoshin lafiya kawai, kuma suna da kyawawan halaye na aiki. Ala kulli halin, ppyan kwikwiyo da aka siya dole ne ya zama cikakke mai ƙoshin lafiya da aiki, mai cika cikakkiyar halaye da halaye masu kyau.
Farashin kwikwiyon Caucasian
Kudin ɗan kwikwiyo na Caucasian kai tsaye ya dogara da sigogi da yawa, amma dabbar dole ne ta sami lafiyayyen hankali, ba ta da cututtukan gado ko lahani. Dangane da wasu mawuyacin hali, yana da kyau a sayi "Caucasians" na musamman a ɗakunan da aka tabbatar kuma ingantattu, inda matsakaicin kuɗin kwikwiyo zai iya kaiwa daga $ 500-600 zuwa $ 2000-2500. Ba abu ne mai wahala ba a sayi koda kwikwiyo mai cikakkiyar lafiya daga leda inda akwai gurguwa ko dabbobi marasa motsi masu fama da cutar kwarangwal.
Binciken mai shi
A cewar gogaggun masu mallakar Karen Makiyayan Caucasian, don ci gaban yau da kullun da ci gaban jituwa, yana da kyau dan kwikwiyo na Caucasian da babban kare su samar da babban yanki mai yawa don tafiya kyauta kuma kafa jirgin ruwa na sirri tare da shimfida madaidaiciya. Yankin da aka ware don kiyaye kare na wannan nau'in dole ne ya zama yana da shinge mai ƙarfi da isa sosai.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Launuka iri-iri a cikin Karen Makiyayin Caucasian na iya gamsar da kowa, amma ya kamata ku tuna cewa rigar farin kare za ta buƙaci a kula da ita koyaushe. Koyaya, tare da amfani da kayan kwalliyar da ya dace da wadataccen mai shi, sakamakon zai zama da ban sha'awa ƙwarai.
Bugu da kari, kuna buƙatar tantance kimar kuɗin ku daidai, tunda abincin mai kare ya kamata ya zama mai daidaitawa kuma cikakke, kuma duk dabbobin baje kolin za su buƙaci samar da kulawa mai kyau da sayan keɓaɓɓu, kawai kayan tsabta masu kyau da shirye-shiryen nunin.
