Baƙin stork (Ciconia nigra) tsuntsu ne wanda baƙon tsuntsu wanda yake mallakar dangin Stork da kuma umarnin Stork. Daga sauran 'yan'uwa, waɗannan tsuntsayen sun bambanta a ainihin asalin launukan jikinsu.
Bayanin bakin stork
Sashin saman jiki yana kasancewa da kasancewar fuka-fukai masu baƙar fata tare da launuka masu launin kore da mai ƙanshi.... A cikin ƙananan ɓangaren jiki, ana gabatar da launin fuka-fukan farare. Tsuntsu mai girma ya fi girma girma da ban sha'awa. Matsakaicin tsayi na baƙar fata stork shine 1.0-1.1 m tare da nauyin jiki na 2.8-3.0 kg. Fuka-fukan tsuntsu na iya bambanta tsakanin 1.50-1.55 m.
Siriri da kyakkyawar tsuntsu an rarrabe shi da siraran kafafu, wuya mai kyau da dogon baki. Bakin tsuntsun da kafafunsa jajaye ne. A cikin yankin kirjin akwai fuka-fukai masu kauri da tokau wanda yayi kama da abin wuya na fur. Tsammani game da "dumbness" na baƙar fata na storks saboda rashin syrinx bashi da tushe, amma wannan nau'in ya fi nutsuwa fiye da farare.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Bakaken dawakai sun sami suna daga launin layinsu, duk da cewa launin fuka-fukan wannan tsuntsu yana da launuka masu launin kore-shunayya fiye da launin fiska.
An kawata ido da jan zane. Mata kusan ba su bambanta da maza a cikin bayyanar su. Bambancin samarin tsuntsaye halayya ce mai kyau, zane-zane mai launin toka-launin kore kewaye da idanuwa, da kuma ɗan busasshiyar lada. Orkan tsawan baƙar fata na manya suna da sheki mai walƙiya da igiya. Molting yana faruwa kowace shekara, farawa daga Fabrairu kuma yana ƙarewa tare da farkon Mayu-Yuni.
Koyaya, wannan tsuntsu ne mai tsananin rufin asiri kuma mai taka tsantsan, saboda haka a halin yanzu ba a iya nazarin hanyar rayuwar baƙar fata. A karkashin yanayin yanayi, gwargwadon bayanan ringin, bakaken stork na iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru goma sha takwas. A cikin bauta, rubuce rubuce da aka yi a hukumance, da kuma rayuwar rikodin ya kasance shekaru 31.
Wurin zama, mazauni
Stungiyoyin baƙar fata suna rayuwa a cikin yankunan daji na ƙasashen Eurasia. A cikin ƙasarmu, ana iya samun waɗannan tsuntsayen a cikin ƙasa daga Gabas ta Tsakiya zuwa Tekun Baltic. Wasu al'ummomin bakaken fata suna zaune a kudancin Rasha, yankunan daji na Dagestan da Yankin Stavropol.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Ana lura da ƙaramin lamba a cikin Yankin Primorsky. Tsuntsaye suna yin lokacin hunturu na shekara a yankin kudancin Asiya. Ungiyar baƙar fata ta stork ta zauna a Afirka ta Kudu. Dangane da abubuwan lura, a halin yanzu, mafi yawan yawan bakaken dawakai suna zaune a Belarus, amma tare da farkon lokacin sanyi yakan yi ƙaura zuwa Afirka.
Lokacin zabar wurin zama, ana ba da fifiko ga yankuna masu wahalar shiga, waɗanda ke wakiltar manya da tsoffin gandun daji tare da yankunan fadama da filaye, tuddai kusa da ruwa, kogunan daji, koguna ko fadama. Ba kamar sauran wakilai da yawa na umarnin Stork ba, baƙar fata baƙar fata ba ta taɓa zama kusa da mazaunin ɗan adam ba.
Abincin stork na baki
Tsohuwar stork ta baƙar fata yawanci tana cin abincin kifi kuma yana amfani da ƙananan ƙwayoyin ruwa da kuma ɓoye a matsayin abinci.... Tsuntsun yana cin abinci a cikin ruwa mara zurfi kuma ya mamaye makiyaya, da kuma wuraren da ke kusa da ruwa. A lokacin lokacin hunturu, ban da abubuwan da aka lissafa, bakaken stork na iya ciyarwa a kan kananan beraye da manyan kwari. Akwai lokuta lokacin da tsuntsayen da suka balaga suka ci maciji, ƙadangare da molo.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
Baƙuwar storks na cikin nau'in tsuntsaye masu auren mata daya, kuma lokacin da ake shiga lokacin haihuwar mai aiki yana farawa ne daga shekaru uku.... Wannan wakilin dangin Stork gida gida sau daya a shekara, yana amfani da wannan dalilin saman rawanin tsofaffi da dogayen bishiyoyi ko dutsen da ke kan dutse.
Wani lokaci akan sami tsaffin waɗannan tsuntsayen a tsaunuka, waɗanda suke a tsawan 2000-2200 m sama da matakin teku. Gida na da girma, an yi shi da rassa masu kauri da kuma rassan bishiyoyi, waɗanda ake haɗawa tare da ciyawa, ƙasa da yumbu.
Gida mai dogaro mai ɗorewa mai ɗorewa na iya wuce shekaru, kuma yawancin tsuntsaye da yawa suna amfani dashi. Storks na tururuwa zuwa gidan su na shuki a cikin shekaru goman karshe na Maris ko farkon farkon Afrilu. Maza a wannan lokacin suna gayyatar mata zuwa gida, suna yin farin fata, kuma suna fitar da bushe-bushe. A cikin kama, wanda iyayen biyu suka saka, akwai manyan ƙwai 4-7.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Har tsawon watanni biyu, kajin baƙar fata na stork yana samun abinci ne kawai daga iyayensu, waɗanda ke sake sarrafa musu abinci kusan sau biyar a rana.
Tsarin ƙyanƙyashewar yana ɗaukar kimanin wata guda, kuma ƙyanƙyasar kajin yana ɗaukar kwanaki da yawa. Kajin da aka kyankyashe fari ne ko kalar ruwan toka, tare da kalar ruwan lemu a gindin beak. Tiparshen baki launin kore-rawaya ne. A cikin kwanaki goman farko, kajin suna kwance cikin gida, bayan sun fara zama a hankali. Sai kawai yana ɗan kimanin wata ɗaya da rabi, tsuntsaye masu girma da balaga suna iya tsayawa da ƙarfin gwiwa sosai.
Makiya na halitta
Baƙar fata baƙar fata ba ta da abokan gaba masu fuka-fuka waɗanda ke barazanar jinsin, amma kaho mai kaho da wasu tsuntsayen ganima suna iya satar ƙwai daga gida. Kaji da ke barin gida da wuri wasu lokuta masu lalata kafa hudu, wadanda suka hada da fox da kerkeci, badger da kare dabba, da marten. Irin wannan tsuntsayen da ba a cika samunsu ba da mafarauta an gama da su gaba ɗaya.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
A halin yanzu, an jera bakunan dawakai bakake a cikin littafin Red Book a cikin yankuna kamar Rasha da Belarus, Bulgaria, Tajikistan da Uzbekistan, Ukraine da Kazakhstan. Ana iya ganin tsuntsun a shafukan Red Book na Mordovia, da na Volgograd, Saratov da Ivanovo.
Ya kamata a lura cewa jin daɗin wannan nau'in kai tsaye ya dogara da dalilai irin su aminci da yanayin ƙwayoyin halittar gida.... Rage yawan mutanen bakakken stork yana sauƙaƙa ta raguwar mahimmanci a cikin tushen abinci, da kuma sare dazuzzuka na yankunan daji waɗanda suka dace da mazaunin irin waɗannan tsuntsayen. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, a cikin yankin Kaliningrad da kasashen Baltic, an dauki tsauraran matakai don kare matsugunan bakaken fata.
