Rumananci

Pomeranian, wanda aka fi sani da Pomeranian, ƙawa ce kuma irin ta karnuka wacce ta shahara sosai. A wasu tarayyar canine, gami da FCI, Pomeranian ana ɗaukarsa iri-iri na Jamusanci na Jamus, yayin da a wasu, gami da AKC, an keɓe shi azaman daban, mai zaman kansa gaba ɗaya.

Tarihin asalin nau'in

Da farko a Jamus ana kiwo kuma ana yin sa ne kawai da karnukan farare, waɗanda ake kira "pommirl"... An fi kiyaye karnukan baƙar fata a Württemberg, inda ake amfani da wannan nau'in a cikin garkar inabi. Dangane da bayanan tarihi, a waccan lokacin Pomeraniyawa sunfi girma fiye da dangin su na zamani, saboda haka galibi suna aiki a matsayin masu tsaron gidajen talakawa da ƙananan jiragen ruwa.

A lokacin mulkin Sarauniya Victoria, an kawo Spitz daga Pomerania zuwa yankin Ingila, inda aka fara aiki mai wuyar gaske kan kiwo da siffofin dwarf, da inganta yanayin waje da baiwa dabba irin ta zamani.

Mafi kyawun wakilai na Spitz, waɗanda Ingilishi da Amurkawa suka yi kiwo, sun kasance suna kusa da ma'anar zamani Pomeranians. Yaƙin Duniya na Farko ya haifar da lalata wani muhimmin ɓangare na yawan lemu, saboda haka, don dawo da yawan, masu kiwan Jamusawa da masu kiwo daga Jamhuriyar Turai sun shigo da karnuka.

Yana da ban sha'awa! Duk da cewa Pomeranian ya samo asalin sunansa zuwa yankin tarihi a kan ƙasar ta Jamus ta zamani, a cikin ƙasarmu irin wannan ƙaramin wakilin Spitz an daɗe ana kiran shi Miniature Spitz.

Bayyanar da kwatancin

Pomeranian Spitz, a matsayinsa na daban, ya sami tushe a Jamus, Burtaniya da Amurka, Faransa da Holland, har ma a ƙasarmu... A yau, nau'ikan nau'ikan Pomeranian guda uku an san su, amma karnukan da ke da halayyar "fox" ne kawai suka dace da ƙa'idodin. Sauran nau'ikan nau'ikan guda biyu suma suna samun karuwa sosai a wurin masu shayarwa kowace shekara - waɗannan sune "dala ɗin jarirai" ko kuma dоll na jarirai, da kuma "nau'in bear" ko teddy bear.

Matsayi na asali

Expertswararrun Clubwararrun Kenwararru na Kenungiyar Kennel na Amurka sun karɓi ƙa'idodin jinsin don lemu, kuma suna ba da irin wannan dabbar dabbar da dabba mai girman girman jiki da jiki, yana ba wa jikin fasalin asali na asali. Ana gabatar da mizani na kare dake shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo:

• girma da nauyi;
• yankin kai;
• jiki;
• ƙafafu da ƙafafu;
• ulu;
• fasali na launi;
• yanayin motsi;
• hali.

Dangane da ƙa'idodin da AKC ta kafa, nau'in nuna Pomeranian yana da:

• yin nauyi daga kilogram 1.4 zuwa 3.2 kilogiram, mai jituwa da ƙarami, amma ƙarfi mai ƙarfi;
• daidai gwargwado ga jiki, kai-mai kamanni;
• wayo da "fox", kyalkyali, duhu, matsakaici, mai siffar almon, ba mai faɗi sosai ba, amma ba kusa da idanu ba;
• karami, tsayayye, mai tsayi, amma ba mai fadi ba sosai, kunnuwa;
• kwanyar kwankwasiyya mai ɗan kaɗan;
• sauyin kwatsam daga goshin zuwa siriri, amma ba tare da kaifi ba, muzge;
• baki ko daidai da lebe;
• baki ko hanci-dace da hanci;
• cizon almakashi, babu alamar hoto ko cizon ƙasa;
• a takaice, da kyau kuma babban saiti, kuma yana haɗuwa cikin nutsuwa cikin bushewa, tare da madaidaicin layi, wuya;
• mai ƙarfi, tare da gwangwani da haƙarƙari, jiki;
• isa sosai kuma ba kirji mai fadi sosai ba;
• wutsiya da aka kafa sama, kusa da baya.
• wanda aka sanya kafaɗun kafaɗun kafaɗun kafa, wanda ya kasance saboda girman kai da ɗagawa sama;
• madaidaiciya kuma a layi daya da juna, tsaka-tsaka na tsaka-tsalle na gaban gogaggun shuke-shuke;
• ƙafafun kafa na baya tare da metatarsus a tsaye zuwa ƙasa kuma suna a layi ɗaya da juna, kazalika da haɗin haɗin da ba a tura shi ba.

Gashi na lemu yana da gajere, mai laushi mai laushi mai laushi mai laushi kuma mai tsayi mai tsayi da sheki mai walƙiya wanda ke da wahalar taɓawa. A wuyansa akwai halayyar "abin wuya" da aka wakilta ta tsawon, mai kauri, madaidaiciya kuma mai saurin fitowa. Hakanan an lura da gashi mai kauri sosai a wutsiya, kuma gashin gaban goshi yana da gashin tsuntsu. A wasan kwaikwayo na nuna, a cikin "Open class", an raba duk karnukan da aka nuna da launi:

• ja mai haske;
• lemu mai zaki;
• kirim;
• sable;
• baki mai haske;
• launin ruwan kasa;
• shuɗi;
• duk wani launi mai haske mai karɓa.

Duk launukan lemu da nau'ikan keɓaɓɓu suka gane ana kimanta su daidai. Lokacin kimantawa, an ba shi izinin samun:

• kowane launi mai ƙarfi;
• kowane launi mai ƙarfi tare da haske ko inuwa mai duhu a cikin tsarin launi iri ɗaya;
• kowane launi mai launi tare da baƙar fata ko sint tint;
• launi mai launi;
• sable da baki da tan.

Motsi na Pomeranian yakamata ya zama mai santsi, kyauta kuma mai karfin gwiwa... Lokacin da aka kalle shi daga gaba - guiwar hannu bai kamata ya juya waje ba, kuma daga baya - kada a sami kusanci ko saitin ƙafafun kafa da baya.

Mahimmanci! Lokacin zabar nunin Pomeranian, kuna buƙatar ba da hankali na musamman ga yanayin dabba, wanda yakamata ya kasance yana da hankali tare da ƙididdigar hankali wanda ba a sani ba, halin fara'a da fara'a da halaye masu dacewa da nau'in.

Halin mutanen Pomeranian

Aturearamar Spitz suna da fara'a da fara'a, da kyakkyawan ji, da kuma sadaukarwa mara iyaka. Irin wannan sanannen nau'in ya haɗu ba wai kawai bayyanar ado ba, amma har ma yana da daɗin rayuwa, mai ƙarfin hali. Tare da karamin girmansa, Spitz na iya tsayawa don kansa. Wannan dabbar gidan ba ta da kunya kuma galibi ma tana da ƙarfin zuciya.

Spitz suna da sha'awar motsi, suna da kyau don dogon tafiya da wasanni masu aiki. Koyaya, motsa jiki yana da mahimmanci don lemu ba kawai don nishaɗin nishaɗi ba, amma kuma don kula da lafiya. Brewararren mai aiki da kuzari, a ƙa'ida, baya iya isar da wata matsala ga maigidan irin wannan dabbobin. Duk Spitz suna da biyayya sosai, ana rarrabe su da kwazo da saurin tunani, kuma suna ƙoƙari su farantawa maigidansu kowane dakika.

Wani fasalin nau'in kuma shine Pomeranian spitz yana ba da ranta sosai ga ilimi da horo, ba tare da su ba sau da yawa suna zama masu taurin kai da taurin kai. An rarrabe ɗan Pomeranian da sha'awar mamayewa, don haka irin wannan kare, idan babu ilimi, na iya ƙoƙarin ƙaddamar da ba kawai sauran dabbobin gida ba, har ma da waɗanda suke cikin gida. Hakanan, wani lokacin ana iya gano son kai a cikin halayen Spitz, kuma idan sabuwar dabba ta bayyana a cikin gida, Pomeranian na iya nuna zalunci ko bayyana rashin gamsuwa.

Tsawon rayuwa

Jimlar tsawon rayuwar mai dabbobi mai kafafu hudu kai tsaye zai dogara ne da ƙwarewar kulawa da bin ƙa'idodin kiyayewa a gida... Tare da kulawa yadda yakamata, Pomeranian Spitz na iya kula da kwazon kwikwiyo da kasancewar kyawawan ruhohi tsawon shekaru goma sha biyar ko goma sha shida.

Abun cikin Pomeranian

Stataramin tsayi da ƙaramin girman Pomeranian Spitz ya sauƙaƙa sauƙaƙe kulawar irin wannan dabbar dabbar a cikin ɗaki ko kuma gida mai zaman kansa. Babu bambance-bambance na musamman daga kula da sauran nau'ikan karnuka, amma akwai wasu nuances da yawa waɗanda dole ne a kula dasu.

Kulawa da tsafta

Ka'idoji na yau da kullun don kula da Spitz na Pomeranian lokacin da aka ajiye su a gida sune kamar haka:

• ana aiwatar da hanyoyin ruwa fiye da sau ɗaya a kowane watanni biyu ko uku;
• bushe gashin kare yana yin amfani da na'urar busar da gashi;
• kuna buƙatar datsa ƙusoshin tare da nippers na musamman;
• ya kamata a gudanar da deworming a kai a kai;
• daga ectoparasites a lokacin rani, ana amfani da kayan ado na musamman, fesa, saukad da shamfu;
• binciken yau da kullun na ramin baka, kunnuwa da idanu;
• wanke idanunku tare da soso, wanda a baya ya jike da dumi da ruwan da aka dafa;
• kana bukatar goge hakoranka da man goge baki na musamman sau biyu a mako don hana kamuwa da cututtukan hakori masu tsanani.

Matsakaita galibi ana samar da shi a cikin yanki, da kuma bayan kunnuwa da tsakanin yatsun kafa. An ba shi izinin datsa gashin da ke kusa da ƙafafu, har zuwa ɗakunan haɗi, da kuma cire gashin da ke fitowa a gefen kunnuwan da duburar kare.

Orange ba kawai zai yiwu ba, amma kuma ana buƙatar yanke shi daidai, a cikin lokaci. Masu gyaran gashi na kare suna shirye don bayar da nau'o'in yau da kullun da kuma nuna salon gyara gashi waɗanda suke cikakke ga irin wannan ƙaramin nau'in. Idan kun bi duk ƙa'idodin kulawa kuma kuna yin tsefewa na yau da kullun, kare yana zubar da kusan mara fahimta, kuma ulu ba ta tashi a cikin gida kuma ba ta daidaita kan abubuwan ciki.

Pomeranian abinci

Za a iya ciyar da lemu tare da kayayyakin ƙasa ko kuma kayan abinci na musamman da aka shirya. Fa'idodin hanyar ta biyu sun haɗa da:

• ceton lokaci da ƙoƙari don dafa abinci;
• daidai daidaitaccen abun da ke ciki;
• babu ƙari na abinci tare da ƙari na musamman;
• saukin ajiya da jigilar kaya.

Rashin ingancin wannan zaɓin abincin yana wakiltar ta babban farashi da buƙatar sayan nau'ikan kayan abinci mafi tsada kawai.... Abun cikakken abinci ya kamata ya haɗa da kayan lambu da hatsi, bitamin da mai, ma'adanai da kari don rigakafi. Mafi kyawun tabbaci:

• Abincin Kanada Nоw Nвturвl Holistiс tare da naman ƙasa, 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari, ba tare da kasancewar hatsi ba;
• layin ciyarwa Shirye-shiryen Purina Pro tare da dandano da abubuwa daban-daban da nufin karfafa garkuwar dabbar gaba daya;
• daidaitaccen abinci Royal Canin tare da ƙungiyar bitamin da ma'adinai wanda zai ba ku damar kiyaye lafiyar dabbobinku.

Ya kamata a gabatar da cikakken menu na Pomeranian na halitta:

• yankakken nama a cikin sikakken naman sa ko rago, kazalika da nau'ikan offal;
• ba shi da ƙashi kuma a yanka shi a ƙananan ƙananan kifin kogi a cikin dafaffen tsari da kifin teku a cikin ɗanyen tsari;
• Boyayyen ƙwai;
• kayayyakin madara mai narkewa a cikin nau'in cuku na gida ba acidic ko kefir ba;
• shinkafa, buckwheat ko oatmeal;
• finch grated kayan lambu hade da kayan lambu, danye ko stewed;
• ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa.

Don hakora da ci gaban tsokoki na muƙamuƙi, ana ba da shawarar a bai wa Pomeranian rye croutons da ƙashi na musamman na taunawa. An haramta shi sosai don ciyar da kare tare da gari da kek, dankalin turawa da gwoza, ledoji, cakulan da sauran kayan zaki, semolina da gero, da gishiri da yaji, mai kiba da kyafaffen abinci. Hakanan, baza ku iya ba da tsiran alade na naman alade, naman alade da abinci tare da kayan ƙanshi..

Mahimmanci! Don hana kiba, bai kamata ku raina ɗan kwikwiyo da Pomeranian babba a wajen jadawalin ciyarwa da "kayan ciye-ciye" ba, kuma ku mamaye dabbobinku. Lokacin da aka gano alamun farko na kiba, ya zama dole a sake duba abincin, banda kayan mai mai narkewa da rashin narkewa, da rage rabo.

Cututtuka da lahani na asali

Dwarf Spitz sakamakon aiki ne na wahala da aiki na dogon lokaci na masana kimiyyar halittu, saboda haka, wani muhimmin bangare na cututtukan cututtukan jinsin da ake sarrafawa suna da nasaba da girman kare:

• matsaloli tare da ramin bakin da hakora, tare da bayyanar kaifi da rashin wari;
• rushewar aikin da ya dace na ciki da hanji;
• cututtukan cututtukan da ke hade da ƙwayar hanta;
• asarar hakora;
• bayyana canji a ciji;
• rauni na jijiyoyi da haɗin gabobin;
• subluxation da raguwa na haɗin gwiwa;
• karaya da kaurar kasusuwa;
• spasms na guringuntsi na ɓangaren maƙogwaro;
• wuce gona da iri;
• anomaly na lacrimal bututun ido;
• Ciwon haihuwa na gaba na atrophy.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, hypoglycemia, dwarfism ko dwarfism mai yawa, rashin haɗuwa da ƙasusuwa na kasusuwa, raguwar ƙwaƙwalwa - hydrocephalus, haihuwar ciki ko samu hypothyroidism, da ƙari na ƙwayar cuta da kuma cryptorchidism a cikin maza sun zama halayyar Pomeranian sosai.

Nau'in da aka fi sani da rashin cancanta sun haɗa da:

• zagaye, domed cranial vault;
• abun ciye-ciye;
• kafaffen fastoci;
• shanu;
• laushi, matsattsen-dacewa ko mara kyau tsaye gashi;
• yawan askin gida;
• farin kirji, ko cinya ko gabobin hannu a cikin karnuka masu kalar launi, sai fari.

Ya kamata a lura cewa yatsun kafa na biyar a ƙasan gaba suna iya, kuma wani lokacin ma suna buƙatar cirewa. Hakanan, dole ne a cire dewclaws na ƙashin ƙashin baya.

Ilimi da horo

Horon dole ne ya kasance ta hanyar ingantacciyar tarbiyya daga dabbobin farko na farkon samunta, kai tsaye bayan kwikwiyo ya saba da sababbin yanayi. A ƙa'ida, puan kwikwiyo suna ƙoƙari su jimre da buƙatunsu na halitta kai tsaye bayan bacci ko kai tsaye bayan sun ci abinci, don haka kuna buƙatar shuka dabbobin ku a kai a kai a kan tire na musamman ko tsummoki mai tsabta.

Domin dan Pomeranian ya saba da tsarin tsafta, tun yana karami, ya kamata ka saba da dabba wurin yin wanka, yankan hoto, duba kunnuwa da idanuwa, da kuma yanke farce.

Ana gudanar da horo a kai a kai, kuma dogon hutu ba shi da kyau, tunda Spitz na iya mantawa da umarnin da aka riga aka ƙware... Kafin koyar da sabon umarni, ana maimaita ƙwarewar da aka koya kuma ana ƙarfafa su. Ya kamata koyaushe ku ba da lada don dabbar don fahimta da bin umarnin daidai.

Ba wai kawai maganin da aka fi so da kare ba, amma kuma ana iya amfani da yabo azaman lada. Babban, umarni na asali, waɗanda dole ne Pomeranian Spitz ya mallake su, dole ne a kula da su da kulawa ta musamman.

Kafin fara karatun, ana ba da shawarar ka fahimci kanka da halaye irin na shekaru, da kuma lokacin da ya dace don horar da dabba:

• a cikin wata daya da rabi - laƙabi, "Wuri", "Ba za ku iya ba" da "Fu";
• a wata biyu - "Zuwa gareni" da "Zauna";
• a watanni uku - "don kwanciya";
• a watanni hudu - "Tsaya";
• a watanni biyar - "Kuna iya", "Kusa" da "Bada";
• a cikin watanni shida - "Jira", "Murya", "Walk" da "Aport".

Kamar yadda aikin ya nuna, Pomeranian Spitz koyaushe suna da matukar sha'awar horo, kuma suna matukar son motsa jiki. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa dabbar dabba cikin sauƙin fahimta cikin sauri koya mai rikitarwa, umarni mai ilhama: "Walk" da "Murya", "Aport" da "Bada" ko "Bada ƙafa", da kuma "Jira". Yana da mahimmanci sosai kada kuyi aiki da Pomeranian a zahiri da tunani. An hana a ba dabbar dabba ta maimaitawa ko ba ta iya jurewa saboda tsufa, umarni da ayyuka.

Yana da ban sha'awa! Ba shi da ma'ana don horar da Pomeranian Spitz, mashahurin umarnin FAS tsakanin masu kiwon kare, da wasu ƙwarewa, tunda ba a buƙatarsu saboda ƙaramin girman wannan nau'in kare.

Sayi Pomeranian

Zaku iya siyan kwikwiyon lemu daga masu kiwo masu zaman kansu da kuma wuraren shakatawa da yawa waɗanda suka kware a kiwo da wannan nau'in. A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, zaɓi na biyu ne wanda ke ba da tabbacin sayan karnuka masu ƙoshin lafiya da ƙoshin lafiya wanda ya fara yin dashe da allurar riga-kafi, sannan kuma yana da duk takaddun da ake buƙata da alama.

Abin da za a nema

Zai fi kyau a siyo dan kwikwiyo yana dan shekara daya da rabi ko watanni biyu, lokacin da kare ya fara cin abinci mai kauri da iri-iri daban daban. Lokacin zabar dabbar dabba daga masu kiwo na sirri ko a cikin gandun daji, tabbatar da la'akari:

• motsi da aikin dabba;
• lafiyar muƙamuƙi da haƙori;
• tsabtace cikin kunnuwa;
• tsabta da gashi mai laushi ba tare da dandruff ba;
• fata ba tare da lalacewa ba, rauni da facin bald;
• rashin cibiya da inguinal hernia;
• idanu masu tsabta da walƙiya;
• hanci mai sanyi ba tare da fitarwa ba;
• mai tsabta, ruwan hoda da gumis;
• lafiya har ma da gaɓoɓi.

Wani maigidan da ke da alhakin sayar da ppan kwikwiyo tare da fasfo na dabbobi, wanda ya ƙunshi cikakken bayani game da allurar rigakafin da aka yi da mai zuwa.

Yana da ban sha'awa! A cikin kwanakin farko bayan saye, a matakin daidaitawa, lemu dole ne ya zama cikakke mai aminci, tunda thean kwikwiyo na wannan nau'in suna da saukin kamuwa da zane da sanyi, abinci mara kyau ko ruwa.

Farashin kare dan Pomeranian

Matsakaicin farashin ƙarami ko Pomeranian a cikin nurseries daban-daban na iya bambanta ƙwarai:

• farashin ɗan kwalliyar lemu, wanda zai zama kawai aboki mai kirki da ƙauna, galibi ba ya wuce dubu 20-25 dubu;
• farashin kwikwiyo, wanda ya kamata a nuna a nan gaba a wasannin kare da gasa, yawanci yawan dubu 30-45 dubu;
• farashin kwikwiyo, wanda za a iya amfani da shi a nan gaba a aikin kiwo, yana farawa daga dubu 45-50 rubles.

Puan kwalliyar lemu masu tsada mafi tsada koyaushe suna da kyawawan halaye na asali da tsarkakakkun asali, sannan kuma suna da kyakkyawar hanyar gyaran jiki tare da ƙashi mai ƙarfi da madaidaicin tsarin sutura.

Binciken mai shi

Pomeranian Spitz tabbas basu iya zama tare a cikin gida ɗaya tare da masu malalaci da masu wuce yarda ba... Wannan nau'in yana buƙatar aiki, yana barin dabbar gidan ta watsar da duk ƙarfin makamashin gaba ɗaya. Koyaya, an lura cewa Spitz yakan zama kyakkyawan abokai ga yara matasa da tsofaffi waɗanda ke rayuwa mai kyau.

Lokacin zabar Pomeranian azaman dabbobin dabba, halaye da yawa iri suna buƙatar la'akari. Wani fasali na bayyanar shine tsaye na gashi, wanda ya baiwa dabba kyakkyawar asali kuma mai jan hankali, "kyallen fuska". Hakanan kuna buƙatar tuna game da haushi da yawa da murya mai ƙarfi, wanda ke zama mai yawaita kuma musamman abin haushi idan babu ilimin da ya dace.

Ya kamata a lura cewa koda a lokacin ƙuruciya, Pomeranian Spitz suna da hankali. Idan irin wannan dabbobin dabba suna jin rashin haƙurin mai ita a cikin tsarin ilmantarwa, to yana iya fara zama mai taurin kai kuma yana iya yin biris da aiwatar da kowane umarni.

Duk da girman girmansu, Pomerania suna gabatar da kansu kamar dabbobi masu girma da tsoro, saboda haka galibi sukan afkawa karnukan da suke yawan shekaru da girmansu.

Bidiyo game da Pomeranian