Kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya, wanda aka fi sani da kunkuru mai tsaka (Testudo (Agriоnemys) hоrsfiеldii) na dangin Land turtles ne (Testudinidae). Ayyukan masana herpetologists na Rasha sun rarraba wannan jinsin a matsayin jinsi mai kama da kunkuru na yankin Asiya ta Tsakiya (Agriоnemys).
Bayanin Kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya
Kunkuruwar Asiya ta Tsakiya wasu nau'ikan halittu ne masu ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa dangane da tsarewa a cikin fursuna, wanda ya dace da girma a cikin babban birni ko gidan mai zaman kansa.
Bayyanar
Kunkuruwar tarko tana da ɗan ƙarami, zagaye mai fasali, harsashi mai launin ruwan kasa mai rawaya tare da kasancewar tabo mai duhu a saman. An raba karapace zuwa raunin iri-iri na horn tare da tsagi, kuma yana da filastar goma sha shida. Gefen gefen carapace yana wakiltar garkuwa 25.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Kayyade shekarun Kunkuruwar ƙasar Asiya ta Tsakiya mai sauƙi ne. Kamar adadin zobba na shekara-shekara akan itacen da aka sare, kowane daga cikin karafa goma sha uku a kan karaf yana da tsagi, wanda yawansu yayi daidai da shekarun kunkuru.
Matsakaicin tsawon ɗan kunkuru ba safai ya wuce rubu'in mita ba.... Matan da suka manyanta galibi sun fi maza girma. Legsafafun gabban kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya halaye ne na kasancewar yatsun kafa huɗu. A bangaren femoral na kafafun baya akwai tarin fuka masu jaraba. Mata na balaga tun suna shekara goma, kuma maza a shirye suke su haihu shekaru huɗu da suka gabata.
Salon rayuwa da ɗabi'a
A cikin mazauninsu na asali, Kunkuruwan Asiya ta Tsakiya, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna yin bacci sau biyu a shekara - a cikin hunturu da lokacin zafi. Kafin yin bacci, kunkuru ya tono ma kansa rami, wanda zurfinsa zai iya kaiwa mita biyu. A cikin bauta, irin waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe ba sa iya yin bacci.
Kunkuru suna cikin jinsin dabbobi masu rarrafe da ke tafiyar da rayuwa ta kadaici, saboda haka suna iya neman al'umma irin tasu ta musamman a lokacin saduwa ko lokacin hunturu. A dabi'a, kusan watan Maris ko Afrilu, kunkurulen filaye suna fitowa daga bacci a masse, bayan haka kuma sai su fara aikin kwana.
Tsawon rayuwa
Kunkuruwar Asiya ta Tsakiya ɗayan shahararrun dabbobin gida ne a ƙasarmu, suna rayuwa cikin yanayin ɗabi'a da na gida kusan rabin karni. Abunda keɓaɓɓen fasalin irin wannan kunkuru shine adana ayyukan ci gaban aiki a tsawon rayuwarsa. Dangane da yanayin tsarewar, matsalolin lafiya na faruwa da wuya.
Yankin rarrabawa, wuraren zama
Sunan kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya an bayyana ta yankin rarraba wannan ƙasa mai rarrafe. Ana samun adadi mai yawa na mutane a yankunan kudancin Kazakhstan, da Kirgizistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan da Tajikistan. Dabba mai rarrafe ta dace da rayuwa a yanayin yanayin arewa maso gabashin Iran, Afghanistan, Syria da Lebanon, da kuma arewa maso yamma na Indiya da Pakistan.
Wurin zama na Kunkuru na Asiya shine yumbu da ƙauyukan hamada mai yashi da itaciya, tamarisk ko saxaul. Mutane da yawa ana samunsu a yankuna masu ƙanƙanci har ma a tsawan sama har zuwa mita dubu 1,2 sama da matakin teku. Har ila yau, har zuwa kwanan nan, an sami ɗumbin manya da samari na kunkuru na Tsakiyar Asiya a cikin kwarin kogi da filayen noma.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Duk da yanki mai fadi, yawan adadin kunkuru na Tsakiyar Asiya yana raguwa koyaushe, saboda haka wannan nau'in ƙasar, ya cancanci, an haɗa shi cikin Littafin Ja.
Adana Kunkuruwar Asiya ta Tsakiya a gida
Halin fasalin turtles na ƙasa, gami da jinsunan Asiya ta Tsakiya, rashin cikakkiyar fahimta ce. Babban sharadin kiyaye ingantaccen irin wannan halittar dabba mai rarrafe a cikin kamuwa shine zabin gida daidai, da kuma shirya ingantaccen abinci mai cikakken tsari.
Zaɓin akwatin kifaye, halaye
A gida, dole ne a sa kunkuru a ƙasar a cikin terrarium na musamman ko akwatin kifaye, mafi ƙarancin girman sa shine 70x60x20 cm. Koyaya, ya fi girma yankin da ake amfani da shi na terrarium ko akwatin kifaye, mafi kyau da kwanciyar hankali dabbar dabbar za ta ji.
Kwayar halitta wacce busasshiyar busasshiya da inganci mai kyau ta wakilta, kwakwalwan itace da manyan pebbles ana iya ɗaukarsu azaman ƙasa. Zaɓin na ƙarshe ya fi dacewa kuma yana ba da damar ƙarancin ƙasa don yayyafa ƙafafuwanta ta halitta.
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa kiyaye kunkuru a cikin gida a cikin yanayi mai 'yanci a cikin gida bashi da karbuwa, saboda kasancewar kura da zayyana, wadanda suke da matukar hadari ga dabbobi masu rarrafe. Idan ana so, za ku iya ba da shinge na musamman don kunkuru a cikin ɗakin..
Lokacin shirya terrarium don Kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya, yana da matukar mahimmanci a samu kuma a sanya madaidaiciyar fitilar UV wanda ke da hasken haske na UVB na 10%. Hasken Ultraviolet yana da mahimmanci ga kunkurin ƙasar. Irin wannan hasken yana tabbatar da rayuwar rayuwar dabbobi ta yau da kullun, yana inganta shan alli da sinadarin bitamin "D3", sannan kuma yana hana ci gaban rickets a cikin dabbobi masu rarrafe.
Dole ne a tuna cewa ya kamata a sayi fitilar ta ultraviolet kawai a shagon dabbobi, kuma ɗan ɗumi na zafin zai iya bambanta daga 22-25 ° C zuwa 32-35 ° C. A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, kunkuru da kansa yana zaɓar wa kansa mafi kyawun, mafi kyawun yanayin zafin jiki a wannan lokacin. Don manufar dumama a cikin terrarium, yana da kyau a girka fitila mai ƙyalƙyali ta gargajiya tare da ƙimar wuta a kewayon 40-60 W. Ba a ba da shawarar amfani da na'urori na zamani kamar igiyoyin zafi ko duwatsun dumama don dumama terrarium ko akwatin kifaye.
Kulawa da tsafta
Kunkuruwar Asiya ta Tsakiya baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Lokaci-lokaci, ya zama dole a tsabtace terrarium, tare da maye gurbin tsohuwar shimfidar gado. Yana da kyau a yi cikakken tsabtatawa na terrarium ko akwatin kifaye sau biyu a wata ta amfani da abubuwan wanka masu ƙarancin guba. A yayin aiwatar da irin wannan tsabtace, ana buƙata don kashe ƙwayoyin cuta masu ƙyalli, da masu ciyarwa da masu sha.
Me za ku ciyar da kunkuru
A karkashin yanayin yanayi, kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya suna ciyar da ciyayi masu karancin sahara, guna, 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu, da kuma shuke-shuken shuke-shuke da na shrub.
A cikin gida, ya kamata a samar da dabbobi masu rarrafe da ingantaccen abinci da bambancin abinci ta hanyar amfani da nau'ikan abinci iri-iri. Don ciyar da kunkuru ƙasar, abu ne mai yiwuwa a yi amfani da kusan kowane tsire-tsire, da kuma ciyawa, waɗanda dandelion, plantain, letas, hay da karas suka wakilta. Lokacin tattara abincin abinci mai rarrafe, yakamata ku mai da hankali akan ƙididdigar masu zuwa:
- albarkatun kore - kimanin 80% na yawan abincin;
- kayan lambu - kimanin 15% na yawan abincin;
- 'ya'yan itace da' ya'yan itace - game da 5% na yawan abincin.
An haramta shi sosai don ciyar da kabejin kunkuru na gida, da abincin dabbobi... Don yin abincin ƙasa mai rarrafe cikakke, ya zama dole a ƙara abinci tare da ƙarin ƙwayoyin alli na musamman, gami da murƙusasshen bawan kifin. Matasan kunkuru suna buƙatar ciyarwa kowace rana, yayin da galibi ana ciyar da manya kowace rana. Ana kirga yawan abincin a daidaiku, gwargwadon yanayin shekarun gidan.
Lafiya, cuta da rigakafi
Dole ne a ba wa dabbobin gida gwajin na rigakafin ta hanyar likitan dabbobi wanda ya kware a kula da dabbobi masu rarrafe da kuma kayan masarufi. Fitsari da najasar kunkuru na ƙasa suna da halin kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta masu yawa. A karkashin yanayi na halitta, dabbobi masu rarrafe na kasa suna iya yin tafiya mai nisa, saboda haka barazanar kamuwa da cutar daga najasa ba ta da yawa.
A cikin kiyaye gida, kunkuru sukan yi rashin lafiya idan ba a bi tsabtar terrarium ko aviary ba, saboda haka ya zama dole:
- canza ruwa don sha ko wanka kowace rana;
- kashe magungunan ruwa akai-akai;
- sa ido kan bushewa da tsabtar shara.
Babban, mafi haɗari ga dabbobi masu rarrafe da cututtuka na kowa sune kamar haka:
- sanyi wanda ke tare da numfashi na rashin aiki ko wahala, yawan ɓoye-ɓoye, ƙin cin abinci sau da yawa, da rashin kulawa;
- farfadowar dubura ko kuma lalata dubura, wanda ke bukatar kulawar likitan dabbobi wanda ya kware a dabbobi masu rarrafe;
- tsananin zawo sakamakon amfani da abinci mara kyau ko na baya, kuma tare da sakin mushy, ruwa ko najji;
- parasites a cikin ciki ko hanji, tare da bayyanar wanda akwai mummunan bayyanar kujerun, sanadin asarar nauyi da rashin son rai mai tsanani;
- toshewar hanji, wanda ke faruwa a lokacin da dabbobi masu rarrafe ke amfani da abubuwan da ba za a iya ci ba, ciki har da yashi, haka kuma lokacin da dabbar da ke cikin tsananin sanyi;
- gurguntar da cututtuka daban-daban suka haifar, guba ko lahani ga tsarin jijiyoyi;
- guba ta abinci, tare da tsananin amai, kasala da rawar jiki yayin motsi.
Lalacewa ga harsashi ta hanyar tsaguwa ko karaya na iya zama haɗari sosai, wanda galibi yakan faru ne sakamakon faɗuwa ko cizon dabba. Hanyar dawo da ɗabi'a a wannan yanayin kai tsaye ya dogara da ƙimar raunin rauni. Dole ne yankin da aka lalata na harsashi ya kasance cikin ƙwayoyin cuta sosai kuma a keɓance shi da cancanta daga mummunan tasirin waje. Shirye-shiryen da ke dauke da adadi mai yawa na iya hanzarta warkarwa.
Mahimmanci! Yakamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman ga kamuwa da cuta mai rarrafe ta ƙasa tare da kwayar cutar ta herpes, wanda sau da yawa yakan zama babban dalilin mutuwar.
Kunkuru mai kiwo
Don samun nasarar kiwo a cikin fursuna, kuna buƙatar sayan tan tsuntsu biyu na Asiya ta Tsakiya masu ƙarancin shekaru da kusan nauyin nauyi ɗaya. Mace ta bambanta da ta namiji a siffar jela. Namiji yana da wutsiya mafi tsayi da faɗi a gindin, kuma mace ta Kunkuru ta Tsakiya tana da halin haɗuwa da ke kan filastin kusa da wutsiyar. Hakanan maza sun bambanta da mata ta hanyar cloaca wanda ke kusa da jela.
Kurayen cikin gida na takaddama tsakanin watan Fabrairu da Agusta, kai tsaye bayan sun fito daga yanayin zaman su na asali. Tsawon lokacin ɗaukan ƙwai daga mace wata biyu ne, bayan haka dabbar layyar ta yi ƙwai daga biyu zuwa shida. Tsarin shiryawa na ƙwai yana ɗaukar watanni biyu kuma ana aiwatar da shi a zazzabi na 28-30 ° C. Sabon kunkuru da suka fara kwai daga ƙwai suna da ƙwanƙolin tsayinsa tsawon cm 2.5.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Temperatureananan zafin jiki na zub da jini yana haifar da yawan maza da za a haifa, kuma mata galibi ana haifuwarsu ne a tsarin mulki mai tsananin zafi.
Siyan Kunkuruwar Asiya ta Tsakiya
Zai fi kyau a sayi kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya a cikin shagon dabbobi ko gandun daji da ya kware a dabbobi masu rarrafe. Ba shi da kyau a sayi dabbobin da aka kama a cikin yanayin yanayi kuma aka shigo da su cikin ƙasarmu ba bisa ƙa'ida ba. A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe ba sa shan keɓantaccen keɓewa, saboda haka, galibi ana sayar da su da matsalolin lafiya.
Matsakaicin tsayin balaguron balagagge ya kai kwata na mita, amma don ƙananan dabbobin gida za ku iya sayan ƙaramin terrarium, wanda ya kamata a maye gurbinsa da babban mazauni yayin da dabbobin daji ke girma da haɓaka. Matsakaicin farashin saurayi a cikin shagon dabbobi ko gandun daji shine 1.5-2.0 dubu rubles. Matasa matasa "daga hannu" galibi ana sayar dasu akan farashin 500 rubles.
Binciken mai shi
Duk da karancin ci gaban kwayoyin halittar kwakwalwa, yayin gwajin gwaji na hankali, kunkurulen kasa sun nuna kyakkyawan sakamako. Kamar yadda aikin yake nunawa, kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya yana da sauƙin koya kuma har ma yana iya samun hanyar fita daga labyrinth mai wahalar gaske, kuma yana samun wuri don dumama da ciyar dashi. Dangane da wannan, kunkuru ya fi dukkan macizan da kadangaru da aka gwada a hankali.
Yanayin rayuwa na kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya mai sauqi ne, don haka irin wannan dabbar gidan ta dace ko da da yara. Repwafa mai rarrafe ta wannan nau'in tana da matukar son binnewa cikin ƙasa, saboda haka, ya zama dole a samar da shimfidar shimfida mai tsayi tsayi a cikin terrarium ko akwatin kifaye. Za a iya amfani da yashi, bawon peat ko flakes na kwakwa azaman kayan kwanciya.
Kamar yadda aikace-aikace ya nuna, amfani da yashi tsarkakakken rairayi azaman shimfidar shimfida mara kyau.... Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da cakuda na musamman don wannan dalili, wanda yashi ke wakilta tare da kwakwalwan peat ko ƙasa.
Da yawa manyan duwatsu manya-manya suna da asali sosai a cikin terrarium, wanda ke taimakawa sosai ga kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya yankan farce kuma ana iya amfani dashi azaman tsaftataccen wuri don bada abinci. Amincewa da tsarin kiyayewa yana ba da dabba mara kyau don rayuwa tsawon shekaru da yawa.
