Pigananan aladu ko aladun gida na dwarf, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an yi amfani da su ba kawai a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje ko bincike na likitanci ba, har ma a matsayin kayan ado na asali da na asali, dabbar dabba.
Tarihin asali
Pigananan aladu an kiwata su fiye da rabin ƙarni da suka wuce a Jamus... An yi amfani da boan kaɗan da yawa da aladu masu ƙyamar Vietnam, a matsayin ma'aurata. A yanzu haka babu wasu kyawawan dabi'u, kuma kwararru daga kasashe da yawa, gami da Rasha, a halin yanzu suna aiki kan kiwon kananan samfuran, wadanda galibi ake kiransu da kananan aladu.
Bayyanar da bayanin ƙaramar alade
Launin ƙananan aladu na iya zama mai banbanci. Ana samun mutane ɗauke da baƙar fata, ja, yashi, marmara, sandar wuta da launuka masu gauraya. Relativelyarfin haɓakar aiki irin wannan dabbar dabbar tana faruwa ne kawai a farkon shekara da rabi zuwa shekara biyu ta rayuwa, bayan haka dabbar na iya "alade", samun nauyi mai nauyi.
Matsakaicin nauyin karamin alade na manya zai iya bambanta daga kilogiram 30-80, yayin da ƙananan aladu ke da nauyin ƙasa sosai - kilogiram 10-30. A mafi yawancin lokuta, nauyi da tsawo na ƙaramar alade ana ƙaddara ta tsarin mulki da ingancin abinci mai gina jiki, da aikace-aikacen abincin.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Akwai lokuta lokacin da karamin - ko micro-pig alade ke da nauyin jiki wanda bai wuce kilogiram 6-10 ba, amma wannan fasalin nauyin ba halayyar asali ba ce, sabili da haka, yana da matukar wuya a yau.
Tsawon rayuwa
Dangane da dukkan yanayin tsarewar, yin rigakafin rigakafin dabbobi da rigakafi, gami da cikakken abinci mai kyau, matsakaicin tsawon rai na alawar dwarf ba zai wuce shekaru 12-15 ba, amma an san aladun da suka daɗe da cewa “sun haye” ko da shekaru ashirin.
Babban nau'in kananan aladu
Duk da alamun sauki irin wannan dabbar gidan, ya kamata a tunkari batun zabar nau'in alade na dwarf sosai... Zuwa yau, ana samun manyan nau'ikan nau'ikan don sayan masoyan dabbobin gida na asali:
- wani ɗan ƙaramin nau'in Bergstrasser Knirt, wanda aka samo shi daga sanannun nau'in Sinawa. Nauyin mace baligi, a matsayin mai mulkin, bai wuce kilogiram 9-10 ba, kuma babba namiji - 13-15 kg. Wannan shahararren irin a yawancin ƙasashen Turai an rarrabe shi da yanayi mai daɗi da fara'a, gami da sadaukar da kai ga mai shi;
- mafi ƙanƙan da sabon salo iri-iri na Mini Mayyalino, ba tare da la'akari da jinsi ba, nauyinsa bai wuce kilo 9-10 ba. Launin dabba na iya zama baƙi ko baƙi da fari tare da aibobi. Irin waɗannan aladun aladun suna da halin hankali da ilmantarwa, kuma suna da yanayi mai kyau da sassauci, amma idan babu tarbiyya, suna iya zama masu son rai da ɗaukar fansa;
- Matsakaitan sifofi na Wiesenau mini-aladu suna da siffar murabba'i mai siffar gaske da rashi a kan fatar muzzle. Wannan ba shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don ajiyewa a cikin gida ba, wanda ya kasance saboda nauyi mai ban sha'awa, wanda a cikin manya zai iya kaiwa 20-25 kg. Kamar yadda aikace-aikace ya nuna, wannan nau'ikan yana da wayo sosai, saboda haka, yana iya amfani da banɗaki a wani wuri;
- Mafi kusancin dangin aladun Vietnam shine asalin aladun Göttingen. Irin wannan dwarf alade yana da cikakken bayyananniyar tummy, kuma nauyin babban mutum yakan kai 90-100 kilogiram. Abubuwan keɓaɓɓen yanayin na almubazzaranci ne, da kuma rashin iya sarrafa abincin sa;
- karamin Siberia ko dwarf pig yana cikin ƙananan ƙananan aladu iri daban-daban, wanda nauyinsu ya bambanta a kewayon kilogiram na 45-50. Irin wannan dabbar dabbar tana da sirara, dogaye da gaɓoɓi, kuma ana rarrabe ta da rashin juzu'i, da kuma keɓaɓɓiyar fata da kasancewar kitsen mai ƙanƙantar da dabbobi yana ba dabbobi damar yin tsayayya da gwamnatocin ƙananan zafin jiki.
Har zuwa kwanan nan, aladun Vietnam ne kawai alade da ke cikin tukunya suka tashi a cikin ƙasarmu. Koyaya, babban nauyin dabba babba, wanda galibi yakan kai kilogiram 100, ya sanyashi rashin jin daɗin zama.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Gaskiyar cewa masu kiwo a cikin gida sun kuma aiwatar da babban aiki a kan kiɗan ƙananan aladu, ba wai kawai don ado ba, amma don manufa mai amfani kawai - don amfani da shi a cikin bincike na dakin gwaje-gwaje, kuma an samar da halittar dwarf ɗin "minisibs".
Adana alade na ado a gida
A matsayin gidan dabbobi na ado, a cikin wani gida mai faɗi, zaka iya kiyaye ƙaramar alade daidai da kare ko kyanwa, ba tare da iyakance dabbar a sararin samaniya ba. Yawancin karatu sun nuna cewa hankalin ɗan alade kusan ya yi daidai da na ƙaramin yaro ɗan shekara huɗu.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Aladuran dwarf ana daukar su dabbobin gida masu wayo wadanda suke da sauqi wajen ilmantarwa da horarwa, da saurin koyan umarni da sabawa da tire, kuma kusan basa fitar da wari mara dadi. Tun da ƙuruciya, irin waɗannan dabbobin suna da ban sha'awa da son sani, amma suna da saurin kiba mai tsanani, don haka tun farkon kwanakin farko, kuna buƙatar kulawa ta musamman ga dacewar abinci da kuma tafiya na yau da kullun.
Wata karamar dabba da ta shigo sabon yanayi da muhallin baƙi zasu buƙaci ɗan lokaci don daidaitawa... Don sauƙaƙa renon jaririn da yanayin tsarewa, zai ɗauki ƙarfin hali da kulawa. A kwanakin farko, bai kamata ku ɗauki dabbar dabbar a cikin hannayenku ba ko sanya wasu ayyuka a kanta. Hakanan yana da kyau a tsara kowane matakan tsaftace tsafta a lokacin da dabbar gidan ta dace sosai.
Kulawa da tsafta
A cikin ɗaki don ƙaramin alade, lallai ne ku raba keɓaɓɓen wuri. Tabbas, yana da kyau a sanya keɓaɓɓen ɗaki don alawar dwarf, amma wannan zaɓin kusan ba zai yiwu ba idan aka ajiye shi a cikin gida. Pigananan aladu suna cikin nau'in dabbobi masu tsabta, don haka ana iya horar dasu cikin sauƙin sauƙaƙa kansu a cikin keɓaɓɓun wuri na musamman don waɗannan dalilai.
Ba tare da la'akari da nau'in ba, duk aladu masu alaƙa suna son iyo. Duk da cewa aladun dwarf ba sa zubewa, kuma kusan ba su da ƙanshi da ƙanshi mara daɗi, hanyoyin ruwa suna ba wa irin wannan dabbobin farin ciki ƙwarai, don haka kuna iya wanka shi sau da yawa.
Yana da ban sha'awa!A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana amfani da babban tire mai ƙananan bangarori azaman banɗaki. Amma ba a so a yi amfani da filler, tunda ba kawai dabbar dabbar za ta warwatsa shi ko'ina cikin ɗakin, amma kuma a ci shi.
Lokacin amfani da wanka don wannan dalili, ya zama dole a ɗora tabarmar hana zamewa ta roba a ƙasan.... Bayan an yi wanka, ana kula da fatar dabbobin tare da mayuka na musamman da mai don hana bushewa. Aƙalla sau uku ko sau huɗu a shekara, bayan an sha ruwa, yakamata a gyara kofato sosai.
Tafiya karamin-alade
Aladu aladun sun amsa da kyau don sunbathing, kuma sun fi son jagorantar hoto mai motsi, don haka dole ne a samar da irin wannan dabbobin tare da, idan ba kowace rana ba, to mafi yawan tafiye-tafiye, da kuma motsa jiki da wasanni masu kyau.
Yana da ban sha'awa!A cewar masana, ya kamata a dage farkon tafiya tare da karamar alade har zuwa lokacin da dabbar za ta karbi cikakkun alluran rigakafin rigakafin da lokacin sabawa da sabon wurin zama ya ƙare.
Daga kimanin watanni biyu, ya kamata a koya wa ƙaramin alade sanya kayan ɗamara, wanda zai ƙara sauƙaƙe ayyukan tafiya. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa don tafiya, kuna buƙatar zaɓar ba kawai yankuna masu kore ba, har ma da wuraren kwalta, wanda zai ba da kofatocin dabbobin su lalace a hanya ta ɗabi'a.
Yadda ake ciyar da karamar alade
Karamin alade dabba ce mai cin komai tare da kyakkyawan ƙoshin abinci. Haka kuma sanannen sanannen tsari ne na motsa jiki a cikin ƙananan aladu suna kusa da halaye na jikin mutum, sabili da haka, yawancin nau'o'in abinci iri daban-daban an haɓaka don irin wannan dabbobin gidan.
Abincin nan mai zuwa ya dace sosai da ƙananan nau'in aladu na ƙananan aladu:
- da safe - ingantaccen kalori mai kyau, amma lafiyayyen buckwheat mai ɗanɗano tare da ƙari ba madara mai yawa ba;
- a cikin rana - 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, wakiltar inabi, ayaba, pear rumman, da sabo ko dafaffun kayan lambu da ganye;
- da yamma - cakuda dangane da hatsi tare da ƙarin fruitsa fruitsan ora fruitsan ora oran orana ko ofanƙan na kayayyakin madara mai narkewa, wanda aka wakilta ta madara mai dahuwa, yogurt ko kefir.
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa don kiyaye ƙaramin nauyi da tsawo, abincin da furotin dabba ke wakilta ya kamata kusan cire shi gaba ɗaya daga abincin alade na alade. Hakanan an hana shi yin amfani da abincin da aka nufa don ciyar da aladun gona da kayayyakin da aka gabatar don ciyar da dabbar:
- burodi, burodin burodi da kayan gasa;
- nama da kifi;
- namomin kaza;
- kayayyakin kiwo;
- kayan yaji da marinade;
- sharar gida daga tebur;
- dankali da dankalin turawa;
- farin kabeji;
- gwoza;
- gishiri, sukari, cakulan da kayan zaki;
- tumatir da korayen tumatir;
- albasa
Abincin mai yawan kalori wanda zai iya kunna matakan ci gaba da kuma mummunan tasiri ga lafiyar dabbobin gida sun hada da ruwan leda da aka hada da shi, sunflower seed, apricot kernels da kwayoyi, da masara. Ya kamata dabbar dabbar ta sami damar samun ruwan sha mai tsafta a zazzabin ɗakin.
Cututtuka da lahani na asali
A cikin dakin da aka ware domin kula da karamar aladen gida, dole ne a samu zayyana, wanda zai rage kasadar shafar dabbar da cututtukan huhu. Hakanan, damp yana da haɗari sosai ga ƙaramar alade, yana haifar da ruɓewar kofato. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, mafi yawan cututtukan cututtukan aladu na aladu sun hada da:
- dyspepsia na jarirai;
- hanji colibacillosis;
- salmonellosis ko "paratyphoid";
- cututtukan streptococcal;
- rickets;
- karancin jini
Zai yi matukar wahala ga mai karamin aladen gano cutar a karan kansa, tare da tantance tsananin cutar, in babu wadatar kwarewa. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa, a farkon alamar baƙon hali ko wani yanayi na baƙinciki, yana da matukar muhimmanci a gaggauta neman shawarar likitan dabbobi.
Sake haifuwa da kananan aladu
Don keɓaɓɓun aladu na dwarf, ya zama dole a sayi aƙalla ƙananan aladu: mace da namiji. Don ƙirƙirar yanayi don saduwa, ya zama dole a jira lokacin da mace ta zo farauta.
Lokacin haihuwa ya banbanta tsakanin kwanaki 114-118. Yawanci, dwarf aladun dusar kankara yana tsakanin aladu biyar zuwa ashirin, kuma balaga tana faruwa kusan wata shida.
Haihuwar haihuwa, a matsayin doka, ana faruwa ba tare da wata matsala ba, sabili da haka, baya buƙatar sa hannu na musamman. Koyaya, yawancin masu irin waɗannan dabbobin na ban mamaki sun fi son gayyatar likitan dabbobi don yin noman. Ka'idodin nauyin jiki na jarirai da aladu na 'nauyin riba sun bambanta dangane da halaye na asali:
- da yawa daga cikin tukunyar Vietnamese: nauyin jariri shine 500-600 g, kuma jaririn dan kwana goma yakai kilo uku;
- nau'ikan kananan-alade na Göttingen: nauyin jariri ya kai 400-500 g, kuma jaririn dan kwana goma ya kai kilogram daya da rabi;
- nau'ikan Mini-Mayyalino: nauyin jariri ya kai 150-200 g, kuma jaririn dan kwana goma yana da kusan kilogram ɗaya;
- iri-iri na Wiesenau: nauyin haihuwar ya kai 150-200 g, kuma jariri dan kwana goma bai wuce kilogram ba;
- wani nau'i na Bergstrasser knirt: nauyin jarirai shine 100-150 g, kuma jariri dan kwana goma yana kusan kilogram.
A cikin kwanaki goma na farko, aladun alade suna cin abinci ne kawai na nono. Bugu da ari, ya zama dole a hankali a hankali a gabatar da abinci mai cike da abinci, tunda kusan wata daya da rabi mace tana da raguwar samar da madara sosai.
Sayi alade na ado, farashin
Kudin dwarf da ƙananan aladu ba koyaushe ake samu ga masoyan dabbobin gida na asali ba. Matsakaicin farashin kowane wata na farawa daga dubu dubu ashirin, kuma ya dogara da nau'inta, da girmansa. Misali, ƙananan aladu, waɗanda aka keɓance a matsayin ƙananan aladu na aladu, a halin yanzu sune mafi tsada.
Yana da kyau a sayi alawar dwarf a cikin gandun daji na musamman, saboda in ba haka ba abu ne mai yiyuwa cewa alade mai nauyin kilogram ɗari biyu zai tsiro daga ƙaramar kyakkyawar alade. A cikin ingantattun wuraren nurseries, duk dabbobin kiwo suna cikin cikakkiyar biyayya da sigogin ƙirar kuma basu da matsakaita a girman. Ma'aikatan da ke da alhaki suna ba da takardu don dabbobin da aka sayar, suna ba da shawara kan kulawar su, kuma a shirye suke su ba da farashi mai sauƙi.
Binciken mai shi
Dodan aladu sun cancanci kasancewa cikin adadin dabbobi masu kiba na hypoallergenic, saboda haka ana iya kiyaye su har ma waɗanda ke fama da asma. Irin wannan dabbar dajin yakan zama da kyau tare da sauran dabbobin gida. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ana ba da ƙaramar aladu ba kawai don kawai yanayin ɗabi'a ba - ƙaramar alade ta gida tana da ikon zama babban aboki ga duk membobin gidan.
-Ananan aladu na gida suna da ingantacciyar hanyar sadarwa ta sadarwa ta jiki, da kuma sauti iri-iri, don haka dabbar tana kulla dangantaka da mai ita ta irin wannan hanyar.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Aladu na Pygmy gabaɗaya suna da kyakkyawar rayuwa da dabbobin gida. Ba abu mai kyau a bar su su kadai na dogon lokaci. -Ananan aladu a cikin wannan yanayin suna iya samun gundura sosai, wani lokacin ma har su faɗa cikin baƙin ciki na dogon lokaci.
Kafin yanke shawarar siyan irin wannan dabbar dabbar a matsayin alawar dwarf, yana da mahimmanci a kula sosai da wasu sifofin halayen ƙananan aladu. Irin wannan dabba kusan kullun kuma tana da ƙarfi grunts ko ma kururuwa. Hooananan kofatowa suna kuwwa da ƙarfi a saman falon, wanda baya farantawa maƙwabta ƙasa. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, aladu na cikin gida zasu buƙaci samar da sadarwa da kulawa mai kyau..
