A yau a duniya akwai sama da nau'ikan kunkuru dari uku, waɗanda jinsuna bakwai ne kawai ke rayuwa a ƙasarmu. Waɗannan halittu masu rarrafe na musamman ana rarrabe su da ƙarfinsu da ƙarfinsu na ban mamaki. Halin halayyar kunkuru kyakkyawan tsarin garkuwar jiki ne, wanda sauƙin jimre wa cutuka daban-daban kuma yana inganta saurin rauni. Dabba na iya kula da iya aiki na dogon lokaci koda kuwa ba tare da abinci ba.
Asalin kunkuru
Zukatan masana kimiyya da yawa har yanzu suna kan aiki da tambayar asalin kunkuru. Tsohon kakanninan ana ɗaukarsu a matsayin Peroty na cotylosaurs ko eunotosaur. Wannan karamin kuma mai kamanceceniya da tsohuwar dabbar kadangare tana da gajeru kuma masu fadi masu yalwa, wadanda tare suka samar da wani irin garkuwar harsashi a yankin baya.
Wasu masana kimiyya sun ba da shawarar cewa kunkuru suna bin asalinsu ne zuwa ga rukuni na musamman na nakasassu, waɗanda suka kasance zuriyar Discofisaurisk na amphibian. Na farko, mafi dadadden samfurin da ya fada hannun masana kimiyya shine Odontochelys semitestacea, sananne sosai a cikin da'irar kimiyya. Wannan kunkuru ya kasance yanayin kasancewar kasan rabin harsashi, da kuma hakora, wadanda kwata-kwata basa da nau'in zamani. Na biyu mafi tsufa kunkuru shine Proganochelys quenstedti. Wannan dabbar tana da cikakken harsashi mai kyau, kuma yana da hakora.
Mafi girman kunkurulen tudu na jinsi Meiolania suna da kwasfa wanda galibi ya wuce mita biyu a tsayi.... Baya ga wata babbar harsashi, dabbar tana da wutsiya mai tsayi da gaske mai ban mamaki, wacce aka kawata ta da siffin kasusuwa wadanda aka jera su a layi biyu. An bayyana nau'in ne da kasancewar kokon kai mai kusurwa uku-uku, wanda a kansa yake da tsayi, mara dadi, tare da kashin baya da na baya.
Shekaru nawa ne kunkuru ke rayuwa
Tsammani cewa gabaɗaya duk kunkuru masu dogon rai ba komai bane face yaudara. An tabbatar da cewa jinsin daya ne kawai - katon kunkurun Galapagos - zai iya rayuwa sama da shekaru ɗari biyu. Matsakaicin rayuwar sauran nau'ikan, a matsayin mai mulkin, bai wuce shekaru 20-30 ba.... Kunkuruwar Balkan a cikin yanayi ba ta fi shekara ɗari ba, kuma wasu mutane daga Bahar Rum da kunkuru-kunnuwa na iya rayuwa tsawon shekaru arba'in.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Wata kunkuru mai suna Garietta ta rayu shekara 175, yayin da Kura-Malila mai tsananin kunkuru ta Madagascar ta rayu kusan shekaru 188. Sauran masu dogon rai sanannu ne tsakanin waɗannan wakilan dabbobi masu rarrafe.
Babban kunkuru yana da saurin narkewa, don haka ya dace da mafi yawan jinsin halittu a duniyarmu. Wannan dabbar tana iya yin ba tare da abinci da ruwa ba tsawon shekara ɗaya ko fiye. Kunkuru yana tattare da kasancewar fatar fata ajiki a jiki da kuma saurin motsi a hankali, tare da ikon rage gudu da dakatar da bugun zuciyarta, don haka tsarin tsufa kusan ba a iya gani. Da wuya kunkuru ya mutu saboda dalilai na halitta. Matsayin mai ƙa'ida, dabbar ta mutu daga ƙwayar cuta microflora ko ya zama ganimar mai farauta.
Kunkuru a cikin yanayin yanayi
Dabba tana jagorantar rayuwar kadaici. Ana neman ma'aurata ne kawai a lokacin saduwa ko a shirye-shiryen hunturu. Don abinci, kunkuru na ƙasar suna amfani da abincin shuka musamman. Mafi yawan nau'ikan ruwa mai ban sha'awa suna cin nama kuma suna cin nau'ikan kifaye iri daban-daban, molluscs, arthropods, da sauran ire-iren kifayen. Turtuna na teku suna da wakiltar nau'ikan halittu masu cin nama, masu cin komai da kuma ciyawar dabbobi.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Nau'o'in kunkuru daban-daban suna rayuwa a wani yanki mai mahimmanci da ruwa a yankuna masu zafi da yankuna masu yanayi. A cikin ƙasarmu, zaku iya samun katako, fata, Gabas ta Gabas, fadama, Caspian da Tekun Bahar Rum.
Babban abin da ya kawo raguwar yawan kunkuru shi ne kame wadannan dabbobi domin samun nama mai darajar gaske, wanda ake ganin cin abinci ne. Irin wannan samfurin ana cinsa ɗanye, dafaffe da soyayyen. Bazuwar kunkuru ana amfani da shi sosai don yin al'adun gargajiyar matan Japan na gargajiya. Adadin wasu nau'ikan kunkuru na filaye yana raguwa sakamakon matsugunin wuraren da mutane ke rayuwa bisa al'ada.
Abun cikin gida
Speciesananan nau'ikan ƙasar da kunkuru masu farin ruwa sun sami babban rabo a cikin 'yan shekarun nan kamar dabbobin da ba na al'ada ba da na asali. Lokacin da aka ajiye su cikin bautar, ya kamata a ba da dabbar a cikin terrarium, aqua terrarium ko akwatin kifaye. Zaɓin hanyar kulawa ya dogara da halaye na rayuwar kowane nau'in. Yanayin da bai dace ba na abinci da yanayin kulawa sau da yawa shine babban dalilin mutuwar a gida.
Abun cikin nau'in halittun ruwa
A gida, galibi akan sami kunnuwa masu jan kunne, musky, Caspian, silt ko loggerhead, kunkuru marsh, da kuma Trionix na China. Ga waɗannan nau'in, ya zama dole don tabbatar da kasancewar:
- babban akwatin kifaye;
- fitilar ta ultraviolet wacce ke zafafa tsibirin ƙasar da ta mamaye sulusi na jimlar yankin akwatin kifaye;
- tsarin tacewa;
- ingancin abinci na musamman.
Kifi, yankakken yankakken nama, tsutsotsi, beraye, kananan kwadi, katantanwa, da kuma kayan abinci irin su kayan lambu, apụl, ayaba da algae ana iya amfani dasu azaman abincin ƙasa. Kuna iya amfani dasu don ciyar da dabbobin gida abinci na daidaitaccen abinci tare da wadataccen abun ciki na abubuwan alamomin da bitamin. Matashi kunkuru yana buƙatar ciyar dashi kowace rana... Manya da kyawawan halaye yakamata su karɓi abinci kowane kwana uku.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Duk nau'ikan kunkuru ba su da ƙarfin ɓarkewar murya, amma, wasu nau'ikan waɗannan tsoffin abubuwa suna da ikon yin izgili da ƙarfi, wanda ke ba su damar tsoratar da abokan gaba da kuma nuna rashin jin daɗinsu.
Yakamata a kiyaye zafin yanayin cikin ruwa a 26-28 ° C, kuma yakamata a dumama tsibirin hutawa zuwa zafin jiki na 30-32 ° C. Wajibi ne don tsananin tsabtace ruwan, aiwatar da maye gurbinsa a kan kari.
Abun cikin jinsunan duniya
Irin waɗannan nau'in ana ajiye su a cikin terrariums. Don kunkuru mai matsakaiciyar matsakaiciya, zai isa ya ware terrarium mai nauyin 80-100 lita.... A ƙasan, kana buƙatar cika tsakuwa kogin tsakuwa na kogi mai laushi na cm 5. Yana da mahimmanci don samar da kunkurucin ƙasar tare da ƙaramin bahon wanka mai cike da dumi da ruwa mai tsabta. Hankula yawan wutar lantarki ta wutar lantarki ya zama kusan watts a kowace lita ta girma. Yawan zafin jiki mafi kyau ya zama 18-30 ° C.
Nau'o'in ƙasa sune kunkuru masu cin ganyayyaki, sabili da haka abincin su ya dogara da 90% na abincin shuke-shuke. Kusan 10% na abincin shine abincin dabbobi tare da ƙari na ma'adinai da ƙwayoyin bitamin. Kuna buƙatar ciyar da kunkuru tare da yankakken yankakken ganye na ganye, kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa, wanda aka haɗa tare da ɓawon burodi, abincin waken soya, cuku na gida, yisti mai bushe, tsiren ruwan teku, naman daɗaɗa da dafaffen kwai.
Lokacin da aka ajiye su a gida, kunkuru ba safai suke yin bacci ba. Idan dabbar ba ta da cikakkiyar lafiya, kuma ta ƙi ci ko rasa aikin motsa jiki, to buƙatar gaggawa tuntuɓi likitan dabbobi.
