Buararren mai fuka-fukai (Buteo platypterus) na cikin umarnin Falconiformes.
Alamomin waje na ungulu mai fuka-fukai
Babban ungulu mai girman fuka-fukai ya kai kimanin 44 cm kuma yana da fuka-fuki daga 86 zuwa 100 cm.
Nauyin nauyi: 265 - 560 g.
Ana kiran babban shaho mai fuka-fuka bayan fukafukinsa masu fadi, waxanda suke halayyar halayyar jinsin. Wani sanannen fasalin shine yalwataccen fata wanda yake ratsa wutsiya har zuwa rabin tsawo. Gilashin mai fuka-fukai daban-daban ya bambanta da sauran wakilan jinsi na Buteo a cikin ƙaramin jikinsa, da ƙaramar silhouette da fikafikan fikafikai.
Tsuntsayen da suka manyanta suna da launin ruwan kasa a saman da haske ƙasan a ƙasa.
Wutsiyar baƙar fata ce mai launin ruwan kasa tare da ratsi mai haske kuma ya fi kunkuntar, kusan ba a ganuwa a ƙarshen wutsiyar. Lokacin da ungulu mai fuka-fukai ke zaune, saman fikafikansa ba ya kai ƙarshen jela. Launin fatar jikin tsuntsayen samari yayi kama da kalar fuka-fukan manya-manyan fuka-fuka masu kaifi, duk da haka, sassan karkashin su fari ne da bakin jijiyoyin. Wutsiya launin ruwan kasa mai haske ne tare da ratsi mai rawaya 4 ko 5. Zzwararrun masu fuka-fukai masu tsayi a kowane zamani suna da ƙwanƙolin farfajiya mai banƙyama game da asalin duhu.
Wannan nau'in tsuntsayen masu ganima suna da launi mai duhu a yankunan arewa. Hawan irin waɗannan mutane launin ruwan kasa ne kwata-kwata, gami da ƙasan, amma wutsiya iri ɗaya ce da ta duk wasu zantuttuka masu girman kai. An rubuta nau'i hudu na kira a cikin tsuntsaye. Kukan shi ne mafi shahara, wanda ke ba da alama ga yankin, kamar a lokacin nest, cewa a cikin yankuna, lokacin sanyi, busa ƙaho mai ƙarfi wanda ke ɗaukar daga sakan biyu zuwa hudu ‘kiiii-iiii’ ko ‘piiowii’. Koyaya, ta kuma samar da sautuna a cikin yanayi daban-daban da kuma yanayin zamantakewar, kamar rikici ko dangantaka.
Wuraren buzzard na kowa
A cikin mazauninsu, gizagizai masu fuka-fukai sun fi son gandun daji, daɗaɗɗun bishiyoyi da gandun daji masu rarrafe, inda akwai wuraren shakatawa masu dacewa. A cikin wurin da aka ba su, ana samun su kusa da sharewa, hanyoyi, hanyoyin da suke tsakaita ko iyaka kan fadama ko makiyaya. Masu buzuda masu fuka-fukai suna amfani da sarari kyauta don neman abinci. Sun guji yin gida a cikin gandun daji da yawa tare da bishiyoyi masu tsiro.
Mai fuka-fuka mai yawan gaske
Babban ungulu mai kumbiya-kumbiya sanannen yanki ne ga nahiyar Amurka. An rarraba shi a Amurka da mafi yawan kudancin Kanada. Da farkon kaka, sai ta yi ƙaura zuwa kudu zuwa Florida, inda ake samun tsuntsaye da yawa na ganima a gangaren tekun Pacific a Meziko, a arewacin Kudancin Amurka, a Amurka ta Tsakiya. Babban ungulu mai fuka-fuka yana zaune a Cuba, Puerto Rico. Ma'aurata tare da samari tsuntsaye galibi ana samun su.
Fasali na halayyar ungulu mai fuka-fukai
Zzananan ungulu masu fuka-fukai suna rayuwa su kaɗaita kuma ba a halayyar su da yanayin ƙasa, sai dai lokacin ƙaura. Ba a yi nazarin wuraren kiwo na bazuzu masu fuka-fukai da cikakkiyar daidaito ba, amma da alama ana samun maza sau da yawa fiye da mata. Yana daya daga cikin 'yan jinsunan tsuntsaye masu ganima a Arewacin Amurka wadanda suke da rukunin tsuntsaye masu yawa.
A tsakiyar ƙaura, wasu garken tumaki (waɗanda masana ke kira 'kasko' ko 'teapot') na iya isa ga mutane da yawa. Waɗannan raƙuman ruwa sune abubuwan rarrabuwa kuma suna iya ƙunsar wasu nau'o'in masu farautar dabbobi.
Kamar sauran nau'ikan ungulu, gizagizan da ke da fuka-fuka mai kyau matuka jirgin sama.
Yana amfani zuwa sama, iska mai ɗumi don iska, gujewa kashe ƙarin ƙarfi don fuka fukai.
A lokacin kiwo, gizagizai masu fuka-fukai suna yin alama a yankin da suke ciki tare da kira mara daɗi daga babban tsauni. Yawancin lokaci suna aiki yayin rana.
Mai fuka-fukai ungulu mai kiwo
Zzwararrun masu fuka-fukai masu tsuntsaye masu tsattsauran ra'ayi. An kafa nau'i-nau'i a cikin bazara, nan da nan bayan isowa zuwa wuraren nesting, daga tsakiyar zuwa ƙarshen Afrilu. Yawo na nunawa sun haɗa da tashi sama da ba da abinci na al'ada, kodayake akwai ɗan bayani game da zawarcin waɗannan tsuntsayen. Ma'aurata na iya zama tare fiye da ɗaya lokacin.
Lokacin nest yana farawa daga Afrilu zuwa Agusta, amma tsuntsayen suna da kama ɗaya kawai. Ginin gida yana farawa a ƙarshen Afrilu ko farkon Mayu. Buzzards na manya sun gina gida daga sati 2 zuwa 4. Tana nan a cokali mai yatsa a cikin rassa kusa da gawar itaciyar coniferous. Yankakken rubabben itace, sabbin rassa, shavings na yin baƙa a matsayin kayan gini. Wasu masu yin fuka-fukai masu amfani da fuka-fuka suna amfani da tsofaffin gidajen wasu tsuntsayen masu farautar da zasu iya gyarawa.
Yawancin lokaci akwai ƙwai 2 ko 3 a cikin kama, waɗanda aka shimfida bayan kwana ɗaya ko biyu. An rufe ƙwai da farin ko cream ko ɗan baƙi mai ƙyalli. Mace tana ɗaukar ciki ne daga kwana 28 zuwa 31. A wannan lokacin, namiji yana kula da abinci mai kyau na abokin tarayya. Kaji sun bayyana rufe da haske ƙasa tare da buɗe idanuwa, kuma ba su da ƙarfi kamar yadda yake a wasu nau'in tsuntsayen masu cin nama.
Mace ba ta barin zuriya har tsawon mako guda bayan ƙyanƙyashe.
A farkon lokacin ciyarwar, Namiji yakan kawo abinci zuwa gida, mace na cire yankakkun daga ciki kuma tana ciyar da kajin. Amma fa, bayan sati daya - sati biyu, tuni ta bar gida ta tafi farauta. Buwararrun samari masu fuka-fukai suna barin gida bayan makonni 5 ko 6, amma sun kasance a yankin iyaye na dogon lokaci na sati 4 zuwa 8. Tun suna da makonni 7, suna farautar farauta kai tsaye kuma sun daina dogaro da manyan tsuntsayen.
Game da rashin abinci ko katsewa cikin ciyarwa, ƙwararrun kajin sun lalata ƙananan chickan kaji. Amma wannan lamari ba safai ake samun sa ba a tsakanin gizagizai masu fuka-fukai.
Mai fuka-fuken ungulu mai ciyarwa
Zzwararrun masu fuka-fukai masu fuka-fukai masu farauta ne. Abincin su ya bambanta ƙwarai da yanayi. An mamaye shi ta:
- kwari,
- 'yan amshi,
- dabbobi masu rarrafe,
- kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa,
- tsuntsaye.
Ana iya samun wannan ganimar ko'ina cikin shekara. Koyaya, a lokacin nesting, gizagizai masu fuka-fukai galibi suna cin ganima a kan ƙasa, shrews da voles. Atorswararrun masu cin gashin kansu suna da daraja musamman: kwadi, kadangaru da ƙananan tsuntsayen gida. A wajen lokacin kiwo, an kama manyan mazari, macizai da kadoji, da beraye. Lokacin cin tsuntsaye, tsaftace gawa daga fuka-fukai.
Kafin fara hijirar, gizagizai masu fuka-fukai suna ciyarwa kamar yadda suka saba, saboda ba sa tara ajiyar mai. Ba sa buƙatar kuzari da yawa a cikin jirgin saboda waɗannan manyan jirage ne da tsuntsaye waɗanda za su ci abinci yayin tafiya.
