Buzzard - hermit

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Bakin buzu (Buteo solitarius) na cikin umarnin Falconiformes.

Alamomin waje na ungulu mai birgewa

Bakin ungulu yana da girman jiki na cm 46. Fukafukan sa mai tsawon santimita 87 - 101. Nauyin tsuntsayen ganima ya kai gram 441. Girman mace ya fi na namiji girma; babbar mace mai nauyin 605 g.

Aaramar tsuntsuwa ce mai farauta mai fukafukai masu faɗi da gajere wutsiya. An gabatar da launin launi a cikin nau'ikan iri biyu: duhu da haske, kodayake plumage tare da matsakaici, bambancin mutum yana yiwuwa. Tsuntsaye masu duhun duhu a sama da ƙasan jiki suna da launin launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. Lumbin inuwa daya, gami da kan, kirji da karkashin kasan.

Mutane masu launin haske suna da duhu kai, kirji mai haske da labulewa a cikin fikafikan. Asan plumage yana da fari da alamun jan.

Buwararrun samari masu gemu suna da murfin gashin tsuntsu, ban da fuka-fuki. A cikin manya na duhu mai duhu, adon da ke ƙasa yana da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. Akwai sanannun alamun haske a cikin ciki. A lokacin kiwo, wataƙila a cikin mace, kusurwar fata ta bayyana sama da bakin rawaya.

Koyaya, gizagizai matasa masu launin ruwan kasa yawanci launin ruwan kasa ne masu fari daga wasu na baya da ciki.Daga tsuntsayen da suka balaga sun banbanta da launi mai kama da launukan gashin kai da kirji, ɗan ja ne. Kakin zuma shuɗi ne. Legafafu masu launin rawaya ne.

Hermit Buzzard mazaunin

Ana rarraba buzzards na Hawaii a cikin kewayon wurare masu yawa har zuwa mita 2,700. Suna zaune a yankunan filayen noma masu ƙanƙanci da duk gandun daji na tsibirin, gami da yankin acacia da eucalyptus. Sun fi son yin gida a cikin bishiyoyin Metrosideros, waɗanda ke girma a hankali kuma a hankali suke ɓacewa.

Tsuntsaye masu farauta sun saba da wasu sauye-sauye na ɗan adam kuma suna rayuwa a gefen gonar shukar, gwanda, macadamia, tare da filaye da lambuna, inda suke farautar tsuntsaye masu ɓarna da kuma ɓeraye. Amma abin da ake buƙata don kasancewar gungun buzzards shine kasancewar manyan bishiyoyi marasa wurare. Wurin zama yana da wadataccen kayan abinci (yawan beraye). Saboda haka, canjin wuraren asali da canjin wuraren don dasa tsire-tsire masu ƙira ba, aƙalla, cikas ga haifuwar ungulu ba.

Yaduwar ungulu mai birgewa

Zzungiyar ungulu tana da yawa a Tsibirin Hawaiian. An samo asali akan babban tsibirin. Koyaya, an lura da kasancewarsa a tsibirin da ke kusa: Maui, Oahu da Kauai.

Hanyoyin kiwo na ungulu

Lokacin nest na buzzards na hermit a watan Maris ne kuma yana nan har zuwa Satumba. A ƙarshen Afrilu ko farkon Mayu, akwai haɗuwa sosai. Manyan bambance-bambance a lokutan kiwo ya dogara da ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a lokacin damina. A lokacin kiwo, wasu tsuntsayen biyu suna yin tashi sama da saukar ruwa tare da fikafikan fikafikansu kuma suna taɓa abokin tarayya tare da kafa. A yayin yin gida-gida, tsuntsayen dabbobi masu farauta su zama masu zafin rai, suna kare yankinsu. Suna kai hari ga duk wanda ya keta iyakokin wani yanki, ciki har da mutum.

Duk tsuntsayen sun gina gida.

Wannan babban tsari ne na rassansu, wanda ke gefen reshen wata bishiya mai tsayi nesa da mita 3.5 - 18 daga doron kasa. Gida yana da fadi kimanin santimita 50. Mace takan sa kwai guda daya kawai, ko shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ko fari-farare. Shiryawa yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 38, kuma duk lokacin nest ɗin daga kwanaki 59 ne zuwa 63. Namiji ya kawo abinci na farkon makonni huɗu. Yawan nasarar kyankyasar kajin ya samo asali ne daga 50 zuwa 70%. Buaramar ungulu ta tsuntsaye suna yin jirgin sama na farko cikin makonni 7-8.

Zzungiyoyin ungulu waɗanda suka yi nasarar ƙyanƙyashe zuriya yawanci ba sa haihuwa shekara mai zuwa. Zzwararrun mitan buzzards suna ciyar da ƙananan tsuntsaye na wasu makwanni 25-37 bayan zubansu.

Ciyar Buzzard Ciyarwa

Buzzards na Hermit basu da mahimmanci game da abinci kuma suna iya dacewa da wani abincin daban dangane da wadatar albarkatu. Abincin abincinsu ya fadada sosai tare da ci gaban Hawaii daga Polynesia da Turawa - yan mulkin mallaka, waɗanda suka samar da sabbin dama don farauta.

A halin yanzu, farautar gandu ta hada da nau'ikan tsuntsaye guda 23, shida na dabbobi masu shayarwa. Kari kan haka, abincin ya hada da kwari bakwai, da kuma ‘yan amshi da crustaceans.

Abubuwan da ke cikin abinci ya bambanta gwargwadon inda tsuntsayen suke.

A tsawan tsaunuka, lokacin da ake yin sheƙan daji a cikin dazuzzuka ko kusa da albarkatun shuke-shuke da ake nomawa, tsuntsayen masu farauta suna farautar ƙananan tsuntsaye, waɗanda sune mafiya yawan abin da aka kama (kimanin 64%). A yankunan tsaunuka, babban abincin shine dabbobi masu shayarwa, kusan 84%. A filayen, akwai kuma bambanci a cikin tsinkaye dangane da jinsin tsuntsayen: maza na kama mata fiye da mata. Koyaya, a cikin yankuna tare da tuddai, ba a lura da bambanci a cikin abincin maza da mata.

Dalilai na raguwar yawan ungulu

Raguwar yawan buzzzz hermit na faruwa ne sakamakon sauye-sauyen da aka samu a mazaunin saboda sare itatuwa ga amfanin gona. Shigo da abubuwan tsabtace gida yana cutar da yanayin gandun daji kuma yana hana sabunta su. Da farko dai, bishiyoyi na jinsunan gida sun bace, wanda akasarinsu ke yin buzaye a ciki. Kuma a maimakon su shuke-shuke masu ban sha'awa suna girma, canza mazaunin. Ana amfani da ƙasar don wuraren kiwo, dasa bishiyar eucalyptus, gini, an nome ta don noman rake.

Matsayin kiyayewa na ungulu

An jera ungulu a cikin Shafi II zuwa CITES. An kiyaye shi azaman nau'in haɗari a cikin Amurka. A cikin Red List na IUCN, an sanya shi azaman cikin haɗari. Bayan binciken da aka gudanar kan tsibirin a shekara ta 2007, an samar da tsarin sa ido a cikin gida don keɓe dabbobin kiwo daga mahalli mai sabuntawa.

A halin yanzu, ana la'akari da yawan girar ungulu mai karko. Raguwar da ta gabata a yawan tsuntsayen ganima ta faru ne sakamakon harbi da ba a kula da shi da kuma wasu nau'ikan bin kai tsaye. Bugu da kari, yawan jinsin ya ragu sakamakon annobar cutar murar tsuntsaye.

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Kalli bidiyon: Mouse the Buzzard (Nuwamba 2024).