Babban piranha (lat.Pygocentrus nattereri, da piranha Natterera, mai ja-ciki, ja) kifi ne wanda ya riga ya sami tarihin kansa, saboda an ajiye shi a cikin akwatin kifaye fiye da shekaru 60.
Wannan shine nau'in piranha wanda yafi kowa kuma yana yaduwa cikin yanayi, musamman a cikin Amazon da Orinoco.
Piranha mai jan ciki yana da kyau idan ya balaga da jima'i. Bayanta mai kalar karfe ne, sauran gangar jikinta kuwa azurfa ce, kuma cikinta, makogwaronta, da fin durin ta ja ne mai haske.
Yana daya daga cikin mafi girman piranhas, yana kaiwa har zuwa 33 cm, kodayake yawanci karami ne a cikin akwatin kifaye. A dabi'a, tana rayuwa ne cikin garken mutane 20, saboda haka, ya fi musu sauƙi su farauta, amma a lokaci guda ba sa zama waɗanda abin ya shafa da kansu.
Piranha mai jan ciki yana dauke da mafi tsananin firgitawa daga duk wakilan wannan nau'in da aka samo a cikin yanayi.
Kodayake bashi da matsala game da ciyarwa kuma yana da matukar wahala, ana bada shawarar a ajiye shi kawai ga gogewar masanan ruwa. Haƙiƙa kifi ne mai farauta mai haƙori ƙwarai.
Mafi yawan cizon da masu ruwa suke yi ya faru ne saboda rashin kulawa, amma duk da haka yana da kyau kada a sake sanya hannayen ku a cikin akwatin kifaye. Bugu da kari, yana da matukar buƙata akan ƙimar ruwa.
Kifin yana da farauta kuma tabbas bai dace da rawar a cikin akwatin kifaye ba. Zasu iya zama a cikin akwatin kifaye shi kaɗai, amma zai fi kyau a ajiye su cikin garken.
Koyaya, koda a cikin ƙungiyar da aka kafa, batutuwa na tashin hankali da cin naman mutane ba sabon abu bane. A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, babban kifi mafi rinjaye ya mamaye garken. Ta kan dauki mafi kyaun kujeru kuma ta fara ci. Duk wani yunƙuri na ƙalubalantar halin da ake ciki yanzu ya ƙare da faɗa ko ma rauni ga abokin hamayyar.
Kuna iya gwada abun ciki tare da wasu manyan nau'ikan nau'ikan, kamar su baƙar fata yayin da yake saurayi.
Don kifi ɗaya, akwatin kifaye na lita 150 ya isa, amma makaranta tana buƙatar mafi faɗi. Suna cin abinci da yawa da haɗama, suna barin ɓarna da yawa, kuma suna buƙatar matattara mai ƙarfi ta waje.
Rayuwa a cikin yanayi
Red-bellied piranha (Latin Pygocentrus nattereri a baya, Serrasalmus nattereri da Rooseveltiella nattereri) an fara bayyana shi a cikin 1858 ta Kner.
Akwai babban rikici game da sunan Latin kuma yana yiwuwa har yanzu zai canza, amma a halin yanzu mun daidaita kan P. nattereri.
Ana samun sa a cikin Kudancin Amurka: Venezuela, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador da Uruguay. Yana zaune a cikin Amazon, Orinoco, Parana da sauran ƙananan koguna marasa adadi.
Yana zaune a cikin rafuka, kwari, ƙananan rafuka. Hakanan a cikin manyan tabkuna, kududdufai, dazuzzuka da filaye masu ambaliyar ruwa. Suna farauta cikin garken mutane 20 zuwa 30.
Suna ciyar da duk abin da za'a ci: kifi, katantanwa, tsire-tsire, masu juyawa, amphibians.
Bayani
Piranhas yayi girma har zuwa 33 cm a tsayi, amma wannan yanayi ne, kuma a cikin akwatin kifaye sun fi ƙanƙanci.
Tsammani na rayuwa na kusan shekaru 10, amma an rubuta shari'un lokacin da suka rayu kuma fiye da 20.
Piranha yana da ƙarfi, mai ɗaci, a matse a gefe. Abu ne mai sauƙi a gano su ta kai tare da ƙananan ƙugu.
Tailara wutsiya mai ƙarfi da sikeli da jiki a gareta kuma kuna da cikakken hoto na mai sauri, mai kisan kai.
Mutanen da suka balaga da jima'i suna da marmari a cikin launi. Launin jiki na iya bambanta, amma yawanci ƙarfe ne ko launin toka, gefunan azurfa ne, kuma ciki, maƙogwaro da finfin fure ja ne mai haske.
Wasu ma suna da zinare a gefuna. Yaran yara sun fi shuɗe, tare da launin azurfa.
Wahala cikin abun ciki
Kifin ba shi da kyau a cikin ciyarwa kuma yana da sauƙin kiyayewa. Koyaya, ba'a ba da shawarar don ƙwararrun masanan ruwa ba.
Sun kasance masu farauta, suna da girma, ya ma fi kyau a kula da akwatin kifaye da kulawa, akwai lokuta yayin da piranhas ya ji rauni ga masu su, misali, yayin dasa su.
Ciyarwa
A dabi'a, suna cin abinci iri-iri, ba ma haka ba - abin da suka kama ko samu. Matsayin mai mulkin, waɗannan su ne kifi, molluscs, invertebrates, amphibians, 'ya'yan itatuwa, tsaba.
Amma, tarawa a cikin garken da suka fi ɗari, za su iya kai hari kan manyan dabbobi, kamar su marainiya ko capybara.
Duk da mummunan suna, a cikin yanayi, piranhas sun fi zama masu sassauci da farautar kwari. Suna nuna fitina a lokacin yunwa na fari da kuma cikin manyan garken tumaki, waɗanda suke taruwa ba don farauta ba, amma don kariya daga masu farauta.
Dabbobin da suka raunana da marasa lafiya ne ke ganimar piranhas.
A cikin akwatin kifaye, sun fi son abincin dabbobi - kifi, kayan kifin, daskararren jatan lande, naman kifi, zuciya, tsutsar ciki da masu rarrafe, wani lokacin har da beraye masu rai.
Amma ba a ba da shawarar ciyar da naman na dabbobi masu shayarwa ba, saboda kifi ba ya narke shi kuma yana haifar da kiba.
Lura cewa akwai ragowar abinci da yawa a bayan su, kuma suna ruɓewa na iya sanya guba mai ƙarfi a cikin ruwan.
Karfinsu
Tambayar ko piranha na iya rayuwa tare da sauran nau'ikan kifin shine watakila mafi yawan rikici. Wasu sun ce wannan ba zai yiwu ba, wasu kuma cikin nasara sun riƙe su da ƙananan kifi.
Wataƙila, duk ya dogara da dalilai da yawa: girman akwatin kifaye, tsire-tsire nawa, sigogin ruwa, yawan mutane, halayen su, yadda suke cin abinci da yawa da sauransu.
Zai fi sauƙi a kiyaye tare da manyan nau'ikan: baƙar fatar baki, kifin kifin, plekostomus, pterygoplicht. Biyun na ƙarshe suna tare da su sosai, yayin da suke zaune a ƙananan layuka, kuma ana kiyaye su ta faranti na ƙashi.
Kuna iya gwada sauran kifi, amma yaya sa'a. Wasu piranhas basa taɓa kowa tsawon shekaru, wasu….
Kulawa da kulawa a cikin akwatin kifaye
Yana nan a cikin dukkan matakan ruwa. A cikin akwatin kifaye tare da ƙarar lita 150, ba za a iya riƙe kifi sama da ɗaya ba. La'akari da cewa yana da kyau a ajiye piranhas a cikin garken mutane 4 ko sama da haka, ana buƙatar ƙarar irin wannan garken daga lita 300 ko sama da haka.
Abun ban mamaki, suna da kunya sosai, kuma don sanya su jin daɗi, akwatin kifaye yana buƙatar wuraren da zasu ɓoye. A wannan yanayin, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da busasshiyar itace ko wasu abubuwa na ado, kamar yadda tsire-tsire na iya lalatawa.
Abu mafi mahimmanci a cikin abun cikin shine ruwan tsaftar koyaushe. Binciki matakan ammoniya da nitrate kowane mako tare da gwaji, kuma canza ruwa kowane mako.
Yana da mahimmanci cewa akwai matattarar waje mai ƙarfi a cikin akwatin kifaye kuma akwai canje-canje na ruwa na yau da kullun. Wannan duk ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar datti yayin cin abinci, kuma suna cin abinci mai gina jiki wanda yake saurin ruɓewa.
Ya kamata a tsarkake matatar a kai a kai kuma fiye da kowane sauran akwatin ruwa. Hanya mafi kyau don gano lokacin da ya dace shine, kuma, tare da gwaje-gwaje.
Ka tuna fa amfani da ruwan akwatin kifa lokacin da ake kurkure kafofin watsa labarai!
Abu mafi mahimmanci a cikin abun ciki (da fun!) Shine kiyayewa. Kalli dabbobin dabbobinku, kuyi karatu, ku fahimta kuma bayan ɗan lokaci ba zaku ƙara jin tsoron su ba. Za ku ga duk matsalolin a matakin farawa.
Bambancin jima'i
Yana da matukar wahala ka rarrabe mace da namiji. A gani, ana iya yin hakan ta hanyar lura da ɗabi'a na dogon lokaci, musamman kafin a fara haihuwa.
Maza a wannan lokacin ana zana su cikin launuka masu haske, kuma cikin mata ya zama zagaye daga ƙwai.
Sake haifuwa
Da farko dai, akwatin kifaye yakamata ya kasance a cikin nutsuwa inda babu wanda zai hargitsa kifin. Bugu da ari, dole ne kifin ya zama mai jituwa (makarantar da ta daɗe, tare da haɓaka tsarin ci gaba).
Don samun nasarar haihuwa, kuna buƙatar ruwa mai tsafta - mafi ƙarancin ammoniya da nitrates, ph 6.5-7.5, zazzabi 28 ° C, da babban akwatin kifaye, wanda ma'aurata zasu iya zaɓar yankinsu.
Ma'aurata da ke shirye don taɓarɓatar haihuwa sun zaɓi wurin da za a taɓarɓatarwa, wanda aka kiyaye da ƙarfi. Launi yayi duhu kuma sun fara gina gida gida a ƙasa, suna cire shuke-shuke da motsa duwatsu.
Anan mace ke yiwa kwai alama, wanda namiji zai sa shi da sauri. Bayan haihuwa, namiji zai kiyaye kwan kuma ya afkawa duk wanda ya kusance ta.
Caviar ruwan lemu ne mai launi, ƙyanƙyashe cikin kwanaki 2-3. Kwanaki biyu, tsutsa zata ci abinci a jakar gwaiduwa, bayan haka zata iyo.
Daga wannan lokacin, ana ajiye soya a cikin akwatin kifayen yara. Yi hankali, namiji ma na iya kai wa abu hari, yana kiyaye soya.
Tuni ana soya, piranhas suna da ƙyashin abinci sosai. Kuna buƙatar ciyar da su da brine shrimp nauplii, kwanakin farko, sannan kuma ƙara flakes, ƙwarjin jini, daphnia, da dai sauransu.
Kuna buƙatar ciyar da soya sau da yawa, sau biyu zuwa uku a rana. Yaran yara suna girma cikin sauri, suna kaiwa santimita a cikin wata ɗaya.
