Kuban kogi ne da ya ratsa yankin ƙasar Rasha a yankin Arewacin Caucasus, kuma tsawonsa ya kai kilomita 870. A wurin da kogin yake kwarara zuwa cikin Tekun Azov, an kirkiro Kuban Delta tare da babban matakin danshi da iyo. Tsarin mulki na yankin ruwa ya banbanta saboda gaskiyar cewa Kuban yana gudana duka a cikin tsaunuka da filin. Yanayin kogin yana da tasiri ba kawai ta hanyar halitta ba, har ma da abubuwan anthropogenic:
- jigilar kaya;
- magudanan ruwa na gidaje da aiyukan gama gari;
- sharar masana’antu;
- masana'antu-masana'antu.
Matsalolin mulkin kogi
Daya daga cikin matsalolin muhalli na Kuban shine matsalar tsarin ruwa. Saboda yanayin ruwa da yanayin yanayi, yankin ruwa yana canza cikakkiyar sa. A lokacin tsawan ruwan sama da danshi mai yawa, kogin ya cika, wanda ke haifar da ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ƙauyuka. Saboda yawan ruwa, yawan ciyayi na ƙasar noma yana canzawa. Bugu da kari, kasar gona tayi ambaliya. Bugu da kari, gwamnatoci daban-daban na hanyoyin ruwa suna da mummunan tasiri a kan filayen da ke haifar da kifi.
Matsalar gurbacewar kogi
Tsarin sakewa yana ba da gudummawa ga gaskiyar cewa kwararar Kuban tana wanke abubuwa masu kashe ciyawa da magungunan ƙwari waɗanda ake amfani da su a aikin gona. Abubuwan sunadarai da mahaɗan kayan masana'antu daban-daban sun shiga cikin ruwa:
- Surfantant;
- baƙin ƙarfe;
- abubuwa;
- tagulla;
- tutiya;
- nitrogen;
- karafa masu nauyi;
- kayayyakin mai.
Yanayin ruwa a yau
Masana sun ayyana yanayin ruwa a matsayin ƙazantacce kuma ƙazantacce, kuma waɗannan alamomin sun bambanta a yankuna daban-daban. Amma game da tsarin oxygen, abin gamsarwa ne.
Ma'aikatan kamfanin samar da ruwa sun binciki albarkatun ruwa na Kuban, kuma ya zama sun cika ka'idodin ruwan sha ne kawai a ƙauyuka 20. A wasu biranen, samfuran ruwa basu cika mizani mai inganci ba. Wannan matsala ce, tunda amfani da ruwa mara kyau yana haifar da tabarbarewar lafiyar jama'a.
Gurbatar kogin da kayan mai ba karamar matsala bace. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, ana tabbatar da bayanai cewa akwai tabon mai a cikin tafkin. Abubuwan da ke shiga cikin ruwa sun lalata yanayin halittar Kuban.
Fitarwa
Don haka, yanayin yanayin kogin ya dogara da yawancin ayyukan mutane. Masana'antu ne da aikin gona waɗanda sune tushen matsalolin muhalli a yankin ruwa. Wajibi ne a rage fitowar abubuwa masu lahani da abubuwa masu cutarwa a cikin ruwa, sannan tsarkakewar kogin zai inganta. A halin yanzu, jihar Kuban ba ta da mahimmanci, amma duk canje-canjen da ke faruwa a cikin tsarin kogin na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako - mutuwar ƙoshin ruwa da fauna.
