Tekun Arctic shine mafi ƙanƙanci a duniya. Yankin ta "kawai" kilomita murabba'i miliyan 14 ne. Tana cikin Yankin Arewa kuma baya warkewa har zuwa dusar kankara. Murfin kankara lokaci-lokaci yakan fara motsawa, amma baya ɓacewa. Fure da fauna a nan, gaba ɗaya, ba su da bambanci sosai. Yawancin nau'ikan kifi, tsuntsaye da sauran abubuwa masu rai ana lura dasu ne kawai a wasu yankuna.
Ci gaban teku
Saboda tsananin yanayi, Tekun Arctic ya kasance ba zai yiwu ga mutane ba tsawon ƙarni da yawa. An shirya balaguro a nan, amma fasaha ba ta ba da izinin daidaita shi don jigilar kaya ko wasu ayyukan ba.
Ambaton farko na wannan teku ya samo asali ne tun karni na 5 BC. Yawon shakatawa da yawa da masana kimiyya guda ɗaya suka halarci binciken kan yankuna, waɗanda ƙarnuka da yawa suka yi nazarin tsarin tafki, mashigai, teku, tsibirai, da dai sauransu.
Oƙarin farko na kewayawa a yankunan teku ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba an yi su ne tun a 1600. Yawancinsu sun ƙare a cikin ɓarna sakamakon cushewar jiragen ruwa tare da tarin kankara masu tarin yawa. Komai ya canza tare da ƙirƙirar jiragen ruwa na ƙanƙara. An gina farkon ƙanƙara a cikin Rasha kuma ana kiransa Payot. Ya kasance tururin jirgi mai siffa ta musamman ta baka, wanda hakan ya ba shi damar fasa kankara saboda yawan jigilar jirgin ruwan.
Amfani da kankara ya ba da damar fara ayyukan jigilar kaya a cikin Tekun Arctic, manyan hanyoyin jigilar kayayyaki da ƙirƙirar jerin jerin barazanar ga tsarin muhalli na asali na asali.
Shara da gurbataccen sinadarai
Yawan isowar mutane kan gabar teku da kankara na teku ya haifar da samuwar wuraren zubar da shara. Baya ga wasu wurare a ƙauyuka, ana jefa shara a cikin kankara. An rufe shi da dusar ƙanƙara, daskarewa kuma ya kasance cikin kankara har abada.
Matsayi na daban a cikin gurɓatar ruwan teku shine nau'ikan sunadarai da suka bayyana anan saboda ayyukan ɗan adam. Da farko dai, wadannan magudanan ruwa ne. Kowace shekara, kimanin mita mai siffar cubic miliyan goma na ruwa mara tsafta ake fitarwa zuwa cikin teku daga sansanoni daban-daban na sojoji da na farar hula, kauyuka, da tashoshi.
An daɗe ana amfani da gabar da ba ta haɓaka ba, da kuma tsibirai da yawa na Tekun Arctic, don zubar da sharar ƙwayoyi iri-iri. Don haka, anan zaku iya samun ganga tare da amfani da man injina, mai da sauran abubuwan haɗari. A cikin Tekun Kara, kwantena da sharar iska mai iska sun cika ambaliyar, suna yin barazana ga dukkan rayuwa a cikin tazarar kilomita dari da yawa.
Ayyukan tattalin arziki
Tashin hankali da ƙaruwar ayyukan ɗan adam don samar da hanyoyin sufuri, sansanonin soja, dandamali na ma'adinai a cikin Tekun Arctic yana haifar da narkewar kankara da canji a yanayin tsarin yanayin zafin yankin. Tunda wannan tafkin yana da tasirin gaske kan yanayin duniya baki ɗaya, sakamakon zai iya zama mummunan.
Rarraba tsohuwar kankara, hayaniya daga jiragen ruwa da sauran abubuwan halayyar dan adam na haifar da tabarbarewar yanayin rayuwa da raguwar yawan dabbobin gargajiya na gargajiya - belar bears, like, da dai sauransu.
A halin yanzu, a cikin tsarin kiyaye tekun Arctic, Majalisar Arctic ta Duniya da Dabarar Kare Muhallin Arctic, waɗanda jihohi takwas da ke da iyaka da tekun ke karɓa. An karɓi takaddar don taƙaita nauyin anthropogenic akan tafkin kuma rage tasirinsa ga rayuwar namun daji.
