Yankin Krasnoyarsk daidai yake da yankin Faransa huɗu. Ya faɗi daga arewa zuwa kudu, daga Severnaya Zemlya zuwa Tyva, na kilomita 3000 kuma daga gabas zuwa yamma, daga Yakutia zuwa Nenets mulkin kai, na kilomita 1250. Mamaye bashin Yenisei.
A yankin Krasnoyarsk Territory akwai tsarin tsarin kasa mai yawa: Yammacin Siberian Lowland, wanda zai fara daga Bankin Yenisei na hagu, Plateau ta Siberia ta tsakiya akan bankin dama, tsaunukan Yammacin Sayan da ke kudu da Yankin.
Akwai yankuna uku tare da yanayin yanayi iri ɗaya a yankin: arctic, subarctic and temperate. A watan Janairu, a arewacin yankin, yawan zafin ya sauka, a matsakaita, zuwa -36 ° C, a kudu - zuwa -18 ° C, a lokacin rani a cikin tundra matsakaita zafin jiki ya tashi zuwa + 13 ° C, a kudancin yankin - zuwa + 25 ° C.
Yanayi daban-daban da yanayin yanayi sun kiyaye kuma sun wadata fauna na yankin Krasnoyarsk... Bugu da kari, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, dabbobin da suka gabata sun tunatar da kansu: ana samun ragowar su a cikin daskararren kasar tundra.
Burbushin dabbobi
Mammoths dabbobi ne waɗanda suka ɓace a ƙarshen kyalkyalin ƙarshe, kusan 10,000 BC. Wadannan manyan dabbobi masu kama da giwa sun fi duk wata dabba ta yau. An kiyasta nauyinsu yakai tan 14-15, tsayinsu yakai 5-5.5 m.Mammoths sun rayu a arewacin Eurasia da Amurka.
Ragowar dabbobi ana samunsu a arewacin Siberia, musamman, a Taimyr. A shekarar 2012, wani matashi dan shekaru 11 mazaunin yankin daga teku, Yevgeny Salinder, ya gano wata matattara mai kyau. Abubuwan da aka gano a cikin binciken shine masana binciken burbushin halittu sun samu ba kwarangwal kawai ba, harma da naman dabba, gami da wasu gabobin ciki. Wannan shine mafi girman binciken da aka samu na mammoth a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.
Dabbobi masu shayarwa na Yankin Krasnoyarsk
Dabbobin daji na yankin Krasnoyarsk - wannan shine, da farko, nau'ikan 90 na dabbobi masu shayarwa. Ga mutane da yawa, Siberia ita ce mahaifarsu, wasu sun fito daga Gabas ta Tsakiya, akwai baƙi daga Yankunan Turai da Tsakiyar Asiya.
Polar bear
Polar predator, dangi ne na ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa. Yana da kakanni na kowa tare da shi. A zamanin Pleistocene, an sami rarrabuwa daga nau'ikan halittu. Gwanin polar ya samo asali zuwa babban dabba na polar. A tsawon zai iya girma har zuwa mita 3. Nauyin ɗayan maza na iya wuce 800 kg.
Fatar beyar baƙar fata ce, gashinta masu haske ne, marasa launi, rami a ciki. Tasirin ido da kuma yawan murfin ulu suna sanya gashin dabbar fari. Arkashin hasken rana na bazara, zai iya zama rawaya. Beyar tana farautar dabbobin ruwa, da yardar rai tana cin mushe, kuma yana zuwa mazaunin ɗan adam don neman abinci. Narke kankara - yana barazanar kasancewar farin kato.
Damisar Dusar Kankara
Matsakaicin matsakaici. Irbis shine sunan na biyu na dabba. Ya yi kama da damisa, amma ƙarami a girma: nauyinsa bai wuce kilogiram 40 ba. Irbis yana da kauri, gashi mai jure sanyi da doguwar wutsiya mai kyau.
A cikin Yankin Krasnoyarsk, yana zaune ne kawai a tsaunukan Sayan, inda babu mutane sama da 100. Waɗannan su ne rarest, mafi ban mamaki dabbobin yankin Krasnoyarsk. A kan hoton ana iya ganin su a rayuwa - ba.
A shekarar 2013, taron kasa da kasa na farko kan kiyaye damisar dusar kankara ya gudana a Bishkek. Theasashen da damisar ke zaune sun haɗa ƙarfi don ƙirƙirar damisar dusar ƙanƙara ta duniya da kuma shirin kare mahalli (GSLEP).
Brown kai
An rarraba shi a duk yankin, amma galibi ana samunsa a cikin dazuzzuka masu wadataccen itacen al'ul. Dabbar tana da girma, dabbobin Siberia sun kai kilogiram 300, a lokacin hunturu nauyinsu na iya ƙaruwa sosai. Mai farauta yana da iko da komai, baya kin gawar. A cikin yankin Krasnoyarsk, ƙananan ƙungiyoyi biyu sun yi nasara: Eurasian a gefen hagu na Yenisei, da Siberian a dama.
Canines
An gano ɓarayin a ko'ina cikin Yankin Krasnoyarsk. Daga cikin nau'ikan 35 wadanda suka hada da dangin canine, mafi yawanci sune:
- Kerkeci mai tsananin farauta ne kuma yana rayuwa da farauta a cikin kyakkyawan rukuni. Ana samun kerkeci gama gari a ko'ina cikin yankin. A arewacin yankin, a cikin gandun daji-tundra, wani yanki, da kerkeci, ya mamaye. Wani matsayi ma mafi akasari na arewa mahaukatan kerkeci sun mamaye shi. Dukansu ragin biyu suna haske, galibi fari, a launi.
- Dawowar karamin dan farauta ne, yana samun nasarar farautar beraye a lokacin bazara da damuna. Ba tsoron yankunan anthropogenic, ya kusanci gidaje, ya ziyarci wuraren zubar da shara.
- Arx fox dabba ce ta gama gari a arewacin latitude; na dogon lokaci, masunta na gida suna farautar fararen Arctic saboda wata babbar fata. Ana kiran dabbar dabbar da ake kira polar fox saboda kamanceceniya da ita da kuma halayenta.
Wolverine
Mai cin matsakaici, ɓangare na gidan weasel. Yana faruwa a cikin gandun daji-tundra da taiga na yankin Krasnoyarsk Territory. Nauyin nauyi, gwargwadon mazauni da yanayi, na iya zama kilo 10-20. A waje, wannan dabba ce mai ban mamaki.
Wani abu tsakanin bear, kare da badger. Jawo yana da kauri, mai launin baki-kasa-kasa. Striararren azurfa na iya wucewa zuwa ƙarshen ɓangaren. Dabban yana da kaɗaici, mai tsananin mugunta da saurin faɗa. Yana farautar ungulaye, tsuntsayen sama, suna cin mushe.
Sable
Dabba daga jinsin shahidai. An rarraba a cikin duk gandun dajin ta Siberia. Yayi nasarar hawa bishiyoyi, da sauri yana motsawa kan duwatsu da dusar ƙanƙara. Puarya kwikwiyo sun bayyana a cikin bazara, tare da fara dumi dumi.
Mace don zuriya tana ba da rami mara ƙarfi a cikin tushen bishiyoyi, gibin duwatsu, ƙoshin wuta. Sable yana ciyar da beraye, manyan kwari, kufai gidajan, kama ƙadangare da kwadi. An yaba da Jawo na dabba. Mafarautan Taiga suna farautar sabulu a cikin hunturu ta hanyar amfani da tarko da bindigogi.
Miski sa
Babban artiodactyl. Nauyin mai shayarwa zai iya kaiwa 600 kg. Mata sun fi sauƙi - nauyinsu bai wuce kilogiram 300 ba. Babban-kankara, mai yawan kwalliya, an rufe shi da ulu mai kauri. Horahonin suna da tushe mai ƙarfi, suna rarrabu a ɓangarorin biyu na kai. Garken Taimyr musk shanu, bisa ga ƙididdigar da aka yi a cikin 2015, kusan kawunan dubu 15 ne. Miski sa - dabbobi na Littafin Ja na yankin Krasnoyarsk.
Elk
Mazaunin daji, ya yadu ko'ina cikin arewacin Eurasia, gami da Yankin Krasnoyarsk. Maza suna girma har zuwa 2 m a busassun, mata sun ɗan ragu. Babban ɗan tudu zai iya yin nauyi zuwa 600-700 kilogiram.
Yana ciyarwa a kan ciyawa, ganye, gansakuka, ƙuruciya matasa. A lokacin damuna mai dusar ƙanƙara, yana yin ƙaura da ƙananan abinci zuwa wurare tare da wadataccen abinci. Maimaitawa sun yi ƙoƙari su hora da dabbobin; gonakin muzuwa suna da yawa a yanzu har ma a yanzu.
Bighorn tumaki
Bighorn tumaki suna rayuwa kuma suna kiwo a cikin yankin Putoransky, wani lokacin ana kiransu chubuki ko tumaki babba. An rarraba wannan yawan a matsayin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu - Putorana ram. Dabbobi suna rayuwa a kan iyakar gandun daji da ciyawar koren duwatsu masu duwatsu. Daga tudun Putorana, yawan mutanen ya koma arewa. Yankin Taimyr na kudu ya shiga cikin garken tumaki.
Barewa
A art-like artiodactyl karamar dabba ce mai shayarwa. Ko manyan mazan ba su wuce kilogiram 20 ba. Ba kamar barewa ba, barewar musk ba ta da ƙaho, amma maza suna da dogayen canines masu tsawo daga sama zuwa muƙamuƙin ƙasa zuwa 7-8 cm.
Suna kama da sabon abu don herbivore kuma ana amfani dasu azaman makamin yaƙi a cikin yaƙin maza. Dabbobi suna da ƙarfe, wanda ke ba da miski - mai mahimmanci kantin magani da kayan ƙanshi na kayan kamshi. Babban mazaunin shine Sayan Mountains, har zuwa tsawo na 900-1000 m.
Narwhal
Dabbobin da aka kiyaye daga Yankin Krasnoyarsk zauna ba kawai a ƙasa ba. Narwhal wani nau'in mahaifa ne mai haɗari a cikin Littattafan Bayanai na Rasha da na yanki. Ruwa a cikin ruwan polar, a cikin Krasnoyarsk Territory galibi yana bayyana ne a Tsibirin Dikson, an lura da batun narwhals da ke shiga yankin Yenisei.
Tsawan dabbobin zamani sune 4-5 m, hauren, wanda haƙori ne wanda ya canza zuwa sama, zai iya kaiwa mita 2-3. An yi imanin cewa hauren yana aiki ne ta hanyar ɓoye dusar kankara kuma ana amfani da shi azaman makami. Akwai zato cewa wannan firikwensin firikwensin ne wanda zai ba ku damar samun abinci da kewaya a cikin layin ruwa. Ba a bayyana dalilin ƙarshe na haƙar ba.
Laptev walrus
Rareananan nau'ikan nau'ikan walrus, sun huta kuma sun sake hayayyafa a cikin Taimyr. Garken Laptev walruses lambobi 350-400. A hankali, adadin walrus yana ƙaruwa, zangonsu yana faɗaɗa.
Walrus babban dabba ne mai cin komai. Nauyin babban namiji yana gabatowa zuwa kilogiram 1500, yayin da mace rabin saiti ne. Yana ciyar da kan mollusks na teku, kifi, na iya ciyarwa akan gawa har ma da kai harin hatimi.
Tsuntsayen yankin Krasnoyarsk
Mai ban sha'awa dabbobin yankin Krasnoyarsk ba kawai dabbobi masu shayarwa ba. Daruruwan jinsunan tsuntsaye suna gida a duk yankuna da ke yankin. Musamman tsuntsayen da yawa sun taru a kan tsibirin da ke gabar teku da kuma tsibirin Tekun Arctic.
Mujiya na iyakacin duniya
Mai fuka-fuka mazaunin tundra. Babban, girman mujiya, mujiya. Mace tana da nauyin kilo 3, maza suna da nauyin kilogiram 0.5. Kan tsuntsun yana zagaye, idanun kanana ne, an kankance su da rawaya iris. Lemmings shine asalin abincin.
Adadin tsuntsaye ya bambanta sosai daga shekara zuwa shekara a daidaita tare da adadin lemmings. Baya ga masu kama da linzamin kwamfuta, mujiya tana farautar kowace karamar dabba da tsuntsaye, tana iya kamun kifi, kuma baya kin karuwa.
Farin teku
Tsuntsu mai ladabi, wanda bai fi nauyin kilogiram 0.5 ba, tare da farin farin. Yana yawo ko'ina cikin yankin Arctic. An hango wasu yankuna na tsuntsayen da ke tsugune a tsaunukan bakin teku na tsibirin Severnaya Zemlya. An sami mafi girman mulkin mallaka na gida 700 a tsibirin Domashny. Yawan tsuntsayen, waɗanda ba su da tsoro ƙwarai, yana da tasirin ɗumi da komowar kankara.
Gwanin itace
Babban, tsuntsayen da aka keɓe na dangi mai daɗi. Nauyin namiji zai iya wuce kilogiram 6. Kaji sun fi wuta - bai fi 2kg ba. Tsuntsu mai gida, yana yin ƙaura ƙananan abinci. Yana zaune duk yankin taiga na yankin. A cikin dazuzzuka da gandun daji masu rarrafe, yana jan hankali zuwa filayen da ke da dausayi. Yana ciyar da bishiyoyi, harbe, buds, kwari.
Maza suna taruwa a cikin bazara akan abincin yanzu. Wani hadadden bikin da ya kunshi maimaita sauti da motsi yana farawa. Yawancin lokaci katako na katako yana da hankali sosai, amma yayin saduwa ya manta da haɗarin, ya daina jin sautuka. Wannan yanayin ya ba wa tsuntsu sunan.
Gidajen sarauta ne a cikin ƙasa a cikin wani wurin da ba a gani. A cikin kama akwai ƙwai 6 zuwa 12; mace tana ɗaukar su tsawon kwanaki 25-27. Babban dangi, rayuwar ɓoye a cikin dazuzzuka na kiyaye adadin nau'in duk da masu farauta da mafarauta.
Gabas Marsh Harrier
Feataramin fashin mai farauta. Girmansa ya kai kilogiram 0.7 da kuma fikafikansa har zuwa mita 1.4. Jigilar ta kama kananan tsuntsaye, beraye, da dabbobi masu rarrafe. Yana neman yawo da ganima sama ƙasa da ƙasa. Tsuntsayen suna gida a kudancin Krasnoyarsk Territory.
Gidajen gandun daji an gina su ne a cikin dazuzzuka na daji kusa da ruwa, a cikin wuraren da ambaliyar ruwa ta cika Mace na yin kama na ƙwai masu matsakaicin girma 5-7, suna haɗa su na tsawon kwanaki 35-45. Don lokacin hunturu yana tashi zuwa yankunan kudancin Asiya, Indiya, Koriya.
Garshnep
Smallaramin tsuntsu - mazaunin Krasnoyarsk fadama. Wani ɓangare na dangin maharbi. Tsuntsun yana da launin ruwan kasa-kasa mai kalar rawaya masu tsayi. Yana tashi low kuma ba na dogon lokaci ba, ya fi son motsi a ƙasa.
Yana ciyar da kwari, burodi, hatsi. Yayin lokacin saduwa, maza suna kula da mata sosai: suna yin hadaddun jiragen sama tare da halayyar kiran sauti. A cikin gida gida, mace galibi tana ɗaukar kajin 4. Don hunturu, tsuntsu ya yi ƙaura zuwa Indiya, zuwa kudancin China.
Red-breasted Goose
Alamar tsuntsayen yankin Dolgan-Nenets Taimyr. Yana daga cikin dangin agwagwa. A zahiri, wannan ƙaramar ƙarami ce tare da nauyin jiki wanda ba ya wuce kilogiram 1.8 da haske, mai bambancin launi. Taimyr shine babban wurin tsugunar da geese.
Tsuntsaye suna zama a cikin ƙananan yankuna, suna gina nests na ƙasa, suna kwanciya dasu, suna riƙe ƙwai na ƙwai 5-7. Bayan kimanin kwanaki 25, kajin sun bayyana, wanda iyaye suke ɗauka nan da nan daga gida, bayan makonni 3-4 kajin suna tashi akan reshe. A lokacin kaka, garken geese yakan tashi zuwa yankin Balkans don hunturu.
Kifi
Tsuntsaye da dabbobin yankin KrasnoyarskBana gajiya da halittu masu yawa na gefen. Kogunan da Tekun Arctic suna gida ne ga nau'ikan kifaye masu yawa da yawa, yawancinsu suna da mahimmancin kasuwanci.
Kifi
- Arctic omul kifi ne mai lalacewa; lokacin zhora yana ciyarwa a cikin ruwan bakin Tekun Arctic. Nauyin babban kifin zai iya kai kilo 3. Don haɓakawa, omul ya tashi a cikin ƙanana da manyan kogunan Siberia.
- Nelma kifi ne na ruwa; a cikin manyan ruwa, nauyinsa na iya wuce kilogiram 50. A cikin ƙananan koguna, nauyin ya ragu sosai. Mai farauta, yana farautar dukkan ƙananan kifaye, amphibians, crustaceans.
- Muksun shine kifin ruwa mai kyau wanda yake mallakar jinsin whitefish. Baya ga kogin Yenisei, ana samun sa a cikin Gabas mai nisa, Kanada, Alaska. Ana ɗaukar naman kifi a matsayin mai ɗanɗano. A cikin Krasnoyarsk Territory, an dakatar da samar da muksun na kasuwanci tun daga 2014. An dawo da kayan kifin ta hanyar kiwo na wucin gadi.
- Chir kifi ne mai tsafta. Yana jure wa ruwan gishiri a wuraren da koguna ke kwarara zuwa Tekun Arctic. Da shekaru 6, yana da nauyin kilogram 2-4. Yana shiga Yenisei da Ob don haɓakawa.
- Pyzhyan, kifin yana da suna na tsakiya - kifin Siberia. Ya wanzu a nau'i biyu: azaman rabin kifi da kifin ruwa. Kogunan da ke zaune hade da Tekun Arctic, da kuma ruwan teku mai saline.
- Tugun karamin kifin fari ne. Jikinta ya tsawaita da 20 cm a tsayi, nauyinsa bai wuce 100 g ba. valueimar kasuwanci ta wannan maƙarƙashiyar ta ragu: kamawa a cikin karni na XXI sun ragu sau da yawa.
- Lenok kifi ne wanda za'a iya kama shi a cikin saman Kogin Chulym. Ya fi son tsaunukan tsaunuka masu sauri da tabkuna. Yana girma har zuwa 70-80 cm, samun nauyin 5-6 kg. Yana ciyar da kwari, tsutsotsi, kwaɗi. Baya ga Yankin Krasnoyarsk, yana zaune a cikin kogunan Mongolia da Gabas mai Nisa.
Dan tsibirin Siberia
Kifi daga dangin sturgeon. Akwai fasalin rabin yanayi da ruwa. Manyan sturgeons sune ƙattai na ainihi - kifi mai mita biyu zai iya auna kusan kilogram 200. Sturgeon yana ciyar da kwayoyin halittar benthic: larvae, tsutsotsi, molluscs, yana iya cin ƙwai da yara na sauran kifin.
Kifi ya balaga a cikin shekaru 10-15. Shekarun balaga sun bambanta dangane da yanayin rayuwa a cikin mazaunin. Matsakaicin rayuwar ƙuruciya ta Siberia ya wuce shekaru 50.
Dabbobin gida da na gona
Dabbobin aikin gona na yankin Krasnoyarsk da takwarorinsu na cikin gida nau'ikan nau'ikan halittu ne na Eurasia: daga shanu zuwa ƙananan tsuntsaye. Akwai nau'o'in da suka samo asali a cikin Siberia, kuma waɗanda ba tare da su ba rayuwa a waɗannan wuraren ba ta yiwuwa.
Kifin Siberia
An yi amannar cewa jinsin ya fara tafiya ne a Asiya ta Tsakiya, amma ya ɗauki fasalinsa na ƙarshe a gabashin Urals, a cikin Siberia, wato a kan yankin Krasnoyarsk Territory na yanzu. Kyanwa tana da girman gaske: tana iya nauyin kilogram 7-9. Ya fita waje tare da mayafin laushi. Masu kiwo suna da'awar cewa fur na kuliyoyin Siberiya hypoallergenic ne. Siberian shine ɗayan shahararrun nau'in kyanwa.
Nenets Laika
Wannan nau'in gargajiya ne na asali. An yi amfani dashi azaman garken makiyayi da kare. Rayuwa a cikin yanayin tundra, haɗin kai tare da mutane koyaushe sun ƙirƙiri kare mai ƙarfi tare da kwanciyar hankali.
Wani fasali na jinsin shine tsarkakakkiyar halittarsa. Rayuwa daga wayewa ta tabbatar da rashin ƙazantar da ba dole ba a cikin jinin dabba, ta riƙe abubuwan da ake buƙata don kare na duniya, Siberia, na arewa.
Reindeer
Canadians da Amurkawa suna kiran wannan dabba da Caribou. Akwai nau'i biyu na barewa: daji da na gida. Deer daji sun fi na 15-20% girma fiye da na gida. Amma babu wasu bambance-bambance na musamman na ilimin halittar jiki. Dukansu maza da mata suna da ƙaho, suna da girman mutane a cikin sifa da girma. Mata suna da ƙaho da yawa fiye da na maza.
Deer - ya daɗe yana tabbatar da rayuwar mazaunan arewa. Ana amfani da shi, tare da karnuka, a matsayin hanyar sufuri. Ana amfani da naman don abinci, ana ɗinka takalma da tufafi daga fatun.Antlers - samari, ƙwararrun dawakai na rashin ƙarfi - suna da mahimmanci azaman tushen ƙarfi da lafiya.
Siberian biocenosis yana da karko sosai. Koyaya, akwai manyan yankuna 7 masu kariya a cikin Krasnoyarsk Territory. Mafi kyawun yanki mai kariya na Eurasia shine Babban Arctic Reserve wanda yake a yankin. A kan 41692 sq. km Ana kiyaye nau'o'in tsire-tsire da dabbobi na Siberia.
