Mutane da yawa sun san ko wanne irin ɓera ne, yadda suke kamanni, abin da suke ci, inda suke zaune. Amma babu dabbobin da yawa a cikin wannan dangin, waɗanda suka bambanta da danginsu. Bayyanar waɗannan dabbobi wani lokacin suna kama da babban kumbo, kuma girmansa sam ba zato ba tsammani ga dabbobin da aka saba. Muna magana ne game da ƙananan dabbobin daji - dukers.
Duker bayyanar
Duiker - mai matukar kyau, kyakkyawa, baƙon abu dabba mallakar umarnin artiodactyls. Gidan danginsu, ana kiransu bovids, sun hada da jinsi biyu: daji da shrub. A farkon, akwai nau'ikan 18, daji duba duker kai kadai.
Tananan yara gandun daji ne ko kuma waɗanda suke da ƙanana masu girman gaske - 15-50 cm a tsayi kuma nauyinsu bai wuce 5-30 ba. Maza sun fi mata girma kaɗan. Dabbobi suna da dan baya kadan, fasalin jiki yayi kama da baka, gabobin baya na duikers sun fi kafafu na haske da na bakin ciki tsawo, wanda ke taimakawa yin tsalle sama.
Maza suna da ƙananan ƙahonin kaifi a kawunansu. A kan kai launin toka akwai yar ban dariya. Kunnuwa manya, kaifi, idanu masu bayyana ne. Ofayan wakilai masu launi daban-daban na gidan dangi shine zebra dooker.
A cikin hoton akwai duker gandun daji
Jikinsa ya fi girma, na muscular, mai kayatarwa. Legsafafu sun fi guntu kaɗan, an shirya kofato-faɗi dabam. Babban fasalin fasalin fasalin sa shine ratsi-ratsi masu baƙar fata ta baya, yawanci kusan su 14 ne. Launin duikers ja ne, yashi ko launin toka.
Mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin iyali ana ɗaukarsa shudi mai shuɗi, girman sa kawai 35 cm, kuma wannan jaririn yana da nauyin 4-5 kg. Yana da wuya a yi tunanin dabbar girma irin ta kyanwa, amma irin waɗannan dabbobin suna wanzuwa. Kunnawa hoton dukers kuna iya ganin yadda suke karami da rashin kariya.
Amma, ra'ayi na farko shine yaudara - mazan wannan nau'in suna da matukar tashin hankali kuma suna iya amfani da ƙananan ƙahoninsu amma masu kaifi cikin sauƙi. Jikin wannan duker yana zagaye, ƙafafu sirara sosai, ɓangaren gaban jikin yana da haske.
Duker mai kama
Idan kun sanya shi a ƙafafun bayanta, to wannan dabbar za ta zama kamar ƙaramar kangaroo. An fentin wannan nau'in a cikin launin shuɗi-shuɗi, saboda haka sunan sa. A wannan dabbar, mata sun fi na maza girma.
Mazaunin Duker
Dukers suna zaune a Afirka ta Kudu. Jinsuna daban-daban suna zaune a sassa daban-daban na nahiyar. Launin shudi, alal misali, yana zaune a sassan Tsakiya, Yammaci da Gabas, a Kenya, Mozambique, Zanzibar, Najeriya.
An samo shi a gabar tekun Indiya da Tekun Atlantika. Duiker mai launin toka yana zaune kusan duk Afirka a kudu da Sahara. Amma ba ya rayuwa a cikin yankuna masu zafi, amma ya fi son gandun daji da filaye.
Zebra duiker yana zaune ne kawai daga Yammacin Afirka - Guinea, Saliyo da wasu sauran jihohi. Akasin haka, wannan nau'in ya fi son zama a cikin dazuzzuka da ba za a iya hana shi ba.
Black dooker tare da cub
Salon Duker
Ko da suna Bakan dabbobi ya zo ne daga kalmar "mai nutsewa", saboda yanayin yadda yake ɓoyewa cikin sauri a cikin dajin. Wannan yana magana ne game da tsoronsa da taka tsantsan. Dukers, dangane da nau'in, suna rayuwa daban-daban.
Don haka, duiker shuɗi yana aiki da rana, kuma launin toka, ko duiker daji, na aiki da dare. A lokacin rana, akasin haka, ya fi so ya huta a cikin kaurin. Hakanan zebra duiker yana aiki yayin rana, a lokacin yana cin abinci yana tafiya. Dabbobin da ke rayuwa a cikin mafi yawan jama'a sun tattake hanyoyin su, tare da su wanda suke tafiya a ƙarƙashin kariyar shuke-shuke da ciyawa mai tsayi.
Dukers suna rayuwa kadai, da wuya ƙwarai biyu-biyu. Red Dukers na iya rayuwa a cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi na mutane 3-5. Mace kuma tana zaune tare da ƙaramin ɗan ɗa. Bugu da ƙari, "maƙwabta" suna nuna abokantaka sosai - idan sun haɗu, suna shafa fuskokinsu ga juna. Ofungiyar dabbobi suna da banɗaki na kansu, wuri gama gari don najasa.
Zebra Duker
Dabbobin da ke tsalle a cikin sauƙi suna tsalle zuwa cikin dajin, kuma kamar sauƙin fita daga can. Da rana suna son bin garken tsuntsaye, suna iya bin birai. Wannan halayyar ana haifar da ita ne saboda sha'awar abinci, wanda su kansu duke ɗin ba sa iya samu, kuma birai ko tsuntsaye galibi sukan sauko ƙasa.
Kodayake dukers sun bambanta, amma har yanzu suna da sifofi na yau da kullun - suna da kunya sosai kuma suna rayuwa ta sirri. Wannan ya zama dole don tsira da kare kanka. Bayan duk wannan, waɗannan dabbobin ƙananan ne, kuma da yawa a cikin gandun daji ba ruwansu da cin su.
Daga cikin abokan gaba akwai manyan macizai (anacondas, pythons, boas), tsuntsayen masu cin nama, ƙaramin macuta. Manya-manyan dabbobi galibi ba sa farautar mahauta, tunda waɗannan dabbobin masu laima da lafawa, a ra'ayinsu, ba su da darajar kashe kuzari wajen kama su, saboda babu nama mai yawa a cikinsu.
Ba kowa bane zai iya zuwa tare da duker mai gudun gudu, zigzag motsi, tsalle daga gefe zuwa gefe kuma zuwa sama ya rikitar da mai bin sa. A cikin tsalle mai tsayi na wannan dabba, za ka ga farin wutsiyarsa a ƙasan.
Baya ga dabbobi, mutane ma haɗari ne ga duker. Duk da kankantar su, wadannan dabbobi suna amfani da ita azaman abinci daga wasu kabilu masu asali. Sau da yawa ana kama su da tarko kuma a ajiye su a alƙalum na gida idan yunwa ta kama su.
Abinci
Duk da halin kunyarsu, jariri dankarerai suna cin abinci kamar wasu mafarauta - suna iya bi da kama ƙananan tsuntsaye da beraye. Hakanan suna farin cikin caterpillars, kwari iri-iri, larvae harma da na sauran dabbobi.
Duk da haka, tushen abincin shine abincin shuka. Waɗannan duka 'ya'yan itace ne da tsaba iri-iri. Matasa matasa na shrubs, ganye, ciyawa, makiyaya. Godiya ga irin wannan abincin mai ɗimbin yawa, dukers basu buƙatar ruwa kuma kusan basa sha.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Wasu nau'ikan basu da takamaiman lokacin kiwo, tunda suna zaune ne a sararin samaniya inda yanayin zafin iska da sauran alamomin suke kusan ɗaya a cikin shekara. Maza masu sauraro masu saurin sauraro sukan fara rarrabe abubuwa cikin yaƙin mace.
A cikin hoton, babban ɗan kamu
A karshen lokacin zawarcin, sai dabbobin su hadu, mace kuma ta kasance tana jiran zuriya, zai dauki kwanaki 229 yana jiran cikar. Nau'oi daban-daban suna da zuriya masu girma dabam-dabam; a matsakaita, jarirai masu jigilar yara suna da kimanin kilo 2.
Da farko, yara suna ɓoyewa a cikin ci gaban daji da ciyawa. Kimanin kimanin watanni huɗu, matasa suna kasancewa kusa da mahaifiyarsu, daga nan sai suka sami 'yanci. A watanni 7-9, zuriyar suna da cikakkiyar halitta kuma suna kama da iyayensu.
Jinsuna daban-daban sun isa balaga ta jima'i kadan a lokuta mabanbanta. Don haka, alal misali, zebra na iya haihuwa tun daga shekara biyu. Tsammani na rayuwa ya bambanta daga jinsuna zuwa jinsuna. Misali, duiker mai launin toka yana rayuwa a cikin fursuna har zuwa shekaru 9. Blueananan shuɗi-shuken suna rayuwa tsawon shekaru 7.
