Fasali da mazaunin silkworm
Silkworm - sananne ne kwari... An fara ganin nau'in namun daji na wannan malam buɗe ido a cikin Himalayas. An sassaka silkworm na gida na dogon lokaci - daga karni na uku BC.
Ya sami babban shahara dangane da keɓancewa na musamman don ƙirƙirar irin waɗannan koko, waɗanda sune albarkatun ƙasa don samun mafi yawan siliki na gaske. Harajin silkworm - na jinsi ne na Silkworms, dangi na gaske mai wannan suna. Silkworm wakili ne rabuwa malam buɗe ido.
Babban mazaunin kwarin shine yankuna na Kudu Maso Gabashin Asiya tare da canjin yanayi. Haka nan ana samunsa a Gabas mai Nisa. Ana yin al'adar silkworms a yankuna da yawa, amma abin da ake bukata kawai shi ne mulberry ya kamata su tsiro a waɗancan wurare, tunda ƙwarin silkworm yana cin abincinsu ne kawai a kansu.
Babban mutum yana iya rayuwa ne kawai a cikin kwanaki 12, a lokacin ba ya cin abinci, tunda ba shi da bakin ma. Abin mamaki, silkworm malam buɗe ido ba ma iya tashi ba.
Hoto shine kwandon silkworm
Kamar yadda ake iya gani akan hoto, silkworm yayi kama da mara kwari kuma yayi kama da mafi asu asu. Fikafikan sa mai tsawon santimita 2 ne kawai, kuma launin su ya fito ne daga fari zuwa launin toka mai haske. Tana da eriya guda biyu, wadanda suke da yalwa da rufe baki.
Salon silkworm
Tsuntsayen siliki sanannen kwaro ne na lambu, saboda tsutsarsa tana da rauni sosai kuma suna iya cutar da shuke-shuken lambun. Kashe shi ba sauki bane, kuma ga yan lambu, bayyanar wannan ƙwarin babban bala'i ne.
Tsarin rayuwar siliki ya hada da matakai 4 kuma kusan wata biyu ne. Butterflies basa aiki kuma suna rayuwa ne kawai don ƙwai. Mace tana yin ƙwai masu kama da 700. Tsarin kwanciya na iya ɗaukar kwanaki uku.
Nau'in silkworm
Nun silkwormzaune cikin daji. Fuka-fukai baƙi da fari ne, eriya tare da dogayen dogaro. Maimaitawa yana faruwa sau ɗaya a shekara, a lokacin rani. Caterpillars suna da illa sosai ga conifers, beech, oak da Birch.
Nun silkworm malam buɗe ido
Ringed - wannan suna saboda sifa ce ta kama - a cikin ƙwai. Kama kanta ya ƙunshi ƙwai har zuwa ɗari uku. Babban makiyi ne ga bishiyoyin apple. Jikin malam buɗe ido an rufe shi da launin ruwan kasa mai haske. Kwunƙarar siliki - cocoons din sa sune babban kayan albarkatun siliki.
Bututun Bututun Silkworm
Pine silkworm - kwaro na pines. Launin fuka-fuki launin ruwan kasa ne, yana kusa da launi na itacen pine. Manyan manyan butterflies - mata sun kai fuka-fukan da suka kai santimita 9, maza sun fi ƙanana.
Pine silkworm malam buɗe ido
Ruwan silkworm mara kyau - kwaro mafi hadari, saboda zai iya shafar nau'ikan shuka har 300. Yana dauke da suna saboda babban bambanci tsakanin mace da namiji a cikin bayyanar.
Balaraben silkworm mara kyau
Abincin silkworm
Yana ciyarwa musamman akan ganyen mulberry. Larvae suna da rauni sosai kuma suna girma cikin sauri. Suna iya cin ɓaure, burodi da bishiyoyin madara, ficuses da sauran bishiyun wannan nau'in.
A cikin bauta, ana cin ganyen latas wani lokacin, amma wannan yana da mummunan tasiri ga lafiyar kwari, sabili da haka akan ingancin kwakwa. A halin yanzu, masana kimiyya suna kokarin ƙirƙirar abinci na musamman don silkworm.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rayuwar silkworm
Sake haifuwa a cikin wannan kwarin daidai yake da sauran yawancin butterflies. A halin yanzu, yayin da mace ke kwanciya da ƙwai, kuma farkon farawar kwatancin ya kai kwana goma.
Tare da kiwo na wucin gadi, an saita zafin jiki na digiri 23-25 don wannan. Kwarin silkworm kowace rana mai zuwa tana cin abinci da ƙari.
A cikin hoton akwai kwandunan silkworm
A rana ta biyar, tsutsa ta daina ciyarwa, ta daskare, washegari kuma, idan ta fita daga tsohuwar fata, sai ta fara ciyarwa. Saboda haka, ƙwayoyi huɗu suna faruwa. A karshen cigaban, tsutsa ta cika wata daya da haihuwa. Arƙashin ƙananan muƙamin nata shine ainihin papilla wanda daga shi zare siliki yake.
Zaren silkwormduk da ƙananan kaurinsa, zai iya jurewa har zuwa nauyin gram 15. Ko da sabbin tsuntsayen da aka haifa na iya ɓoye ta Sau da yawa sosai ana amfani dashi azaman kayan ceto - idan akwai haɗari, kyanwa zai iya rataye shi.
A hoto, zaren silkworm
A ƙarshen rayuwarsa, kwari ya ɗan ci kaɗan, kuma a farkon fara aikin kwakwa, ciyarwa gabaɗaya. A wannan lokacin, glandar da ke ɓoye zaren siliki tana da cika sosai har ta kai ga koyaushe.
A lokaci guda, kwari ya nuna halin rashin nutsuwa, yana ƙoƙari ya sami wurin da za a gina kwakwa - ƙaramin reshe. Kokon yana ɗaukar kwanaki uku zuwa huɗu, kuma yakan ɗauki tsawon kilomita kilomita na zaren siliki.
Akwai lokuta lokacin da caterpillars da yawa cocoon daya kokon kan mutane biyu ko uku ko hudu, amma wannan ba safai yake faruwa ba. Kansa kwakwa yana da nauyin gram uku, yana da tsawon santimita biyu, amma wasu samfuran sun kai tsayin santimita shida.
A cikin hoton akwai kwalliyar silkworm
Sun bambanta kadan a cikin sifa - yana iya zama zagaye, mai tsayi, mai tsayi, ko kuma an dan daidaita shi. Launin kokon yakan zama fari, amma akwai samfuran da launinsu yake kusa da zinare, har ma da koren.
Kwalliyar siliki tana kyankyashewa bayan kimanin makonni uku. Ba shi da muƙamuƙi, saboda haka yana yin rami tare da miyau, wanda ke cin naman. Tare da kiwo na wucin gadi, ana kashe pupae, in ba haka ba kwazon da ya lalace bayan malam buɗe ido bai dace da samun zaren siliki ba. A wasu ƙasashe, ana ɗaukar chrysalis mai ƙarancin abinci a matsayin mai ɗanɗano.
Kiwon silkworm ya yadu. Saboda wannan, an halicci gonakin injiniyoyi don samar da zaren, wanda daga gaske yake siliki siliki.
Hoton gonar zaren siliki ne
A kama ƙwai da wata mace ta malam buɗe ido ta sa a ciki a saka a ciki har sai tsutsa ta bayyana. A matsayin abinci, larvae suna karɓar abincin da aka saba - ganyen mulberry. Ana sarrafa dukkan sifofin iska a cikin farfajiyar don ci gaban larva cikin nasara.
Pupation yana faruwa akan rassa na musamman. Yayin ƙirƙirar kwakwa, maza suna ɓoye zaren siliki, don haka masu yin silkworm suna ƙoƙarin ƙara yawan maza.
