Haplochromis Jackson, ko shudi mai launin shuɗi (Sciaenochromis fryeri), ya shahara sosai saboda launin shuɗi mai haske, wanda ya sa shi sunan.
Ya fito ne daga Malawi, inda yake zaune ko'ina cikin tabki kuma saboda wannan, launinsa na iya banbanta sosai dangane da mazaunin. Amma, babban launi na haplochromis zai kasance shuɗi.
Rayuwa a cikin yanayi
Kudin da Koning ya fara tantance shi a shekarar 1993, duk da cewa an gano shi ne tun a shekarar 1935. Yana da kusanci da Tafkin Malawi a Afirka, yana zaune ne kawai a wannan tafkin, amma ya yadu a can.
Sun kiyaye kan iyakar tsakanin ƙasan dutse da yashi a zurfin da ya kai mita 25. Yin lalata, yafi ciyar da soyayyen Mbuna cichlids, amma kuma baya ƙin sauran haplochromis.
A lokacin farautar, sukan buya a cikin kogon dutse da duwatsu, suna kama wanda aka kashe.
Wannan ma ya yi kuskure, tunda an shigo da shi cikin akwatin kifaye na farko kamar Sciaenochromis ahli, amma nau'ikan kifi ne daban-daban. Sannan ta sami wasu manyan sunaye har sai da aka sanya mata suna Sciaenochromis fryeri a cikin 1993.
Cornflower haplochromis yana daya daga cikin jinsuna hudu na jinsin halittar Sciaenochromi, kodayake shima yafi shahara. Na wani jinsi ne daban da Mbuna, suna rayuwa a wuraren da ginshiƙin dutse ya haɗu da ƙasa mai yashi. Ba su da karfi kamar Mbuna, har yanzu suna yankuna, suna fifita tsayawa kan wuraren duwatsu inda zasu iya ɓoyewa a cikin kogo.
Bayani
Jiki mai tsayi, na gargajiya ne ga cichlids, yana taimaka wa farauta. Shuda mai shuɗi yana girma har zuwa 16 cm a tsayi, wani lokacin ƙarami kaɗan.
Matsakaicin shekarun waɗannan cichlids na Malawi shine shekaru 8-10.
Duk maza masu launin shuɗi ne (shuɗar shuɗar shuɗe), tare da rabe-raben tsaye 9-12. Fushin finafinai yana da rawaya, orange, ko ja. Yawan mutanen kudu na haplochromis sun banbanta da cewa suna da fararen iyaka akan doron tasu, yayin da a arewacin kuwa babu shi.
Koyaya, a cikin akwatin kifaye ba zai yuwu a sami tsarkakakke, launi na halitta ba. Mata suna da azurfa, kodayake waɗanda suka manyanta a jima'i na iya yin launin shuɗi.
Wahala cikin abun ciki
Ba mummunan zabi bane ga mai sha'awar sha'awa yana neman samun wasu 'yan Afirka. Su cichlids ne masu tashin hankali, amma tabbas basu dace da akwatin kifaye na gari ba.
Kamar sauran 'yan Malawians, ruwa mai tsafta tare da daidaitattun sifofi yana da mahimmanci ga shuɗar shuɗar shuɗi mai shuɗi.
Kifin ba shi da wahalar kiyayewa, har ma ga masu farawa. Matan azurfa ba su da kyan gani sosai, amma mazan fure suna ba da cikakkiyar lada ga matan da ba su da rubutu.
A cikin akwatin kifaye, suna da karfin faɗa da matsin lamba. Abu ne mai sauki a kula da su, amma duk wani kifin da za su iya hadiyewa zai fuskanci mummunan rabo wanda ba zai yiwu ba.
Wani lokaci kifin yana rikicewa da wani nau'in, wanda yake kama da launi - melanochromis yohani. Amma, wannan jinsin daban ne, na Mbuna ne kuma yafi saurin tashin hankali.
Hakanan ana kiran shi wani nau'in Sciaenochromis ahli, amma bisa ga majiyoyin ƙasashen waje, waɗannan har yanzu sune kifaye daban daban.
Suna da kamanni sosai a launi, amma ahli ya fi girma, ya kai 20 cm ko fiye. Koyaya, bayanai game da cichlids na Afirka suna da sabani sosai kuma yana da matukar wahala rarrabe gaskiya.
Ciyarwa
Haplochromis Jackson mai iya komai ne, amma a dabi'ance yana haifar da salon rayuwa mai farauta. A cikin akwatin kifaye, za ta ci duk kifin da zai iya haɗiye shi.
Ya kamata a ciyar dashi da ingantaccen abinci mai wucin gadi don cichlids na Afirka, ƙara abinci mai rai da nama daga jatan lande, mussels ko farfesun kifi.
Soyayyen na cin muryayyun flakes da pellets. Yakamata a basu abinci sau da yawa a rana, a wasu ƙananan abubuwa, saboda suna da saurin haɗama, wanda yakan haifar da mutuwa.
Adana cikin akwatin kifaye
Zai fi kyau a ajiye shi a cikin akwatin kifaye na lita 200 ko fiye, mai faɗi da tsawan zama.
Ruwa a cikin Tafkin Malawi yana da halin tsananin tauri da kwanciyar hankali na sigogi. Don samar da zaluntar da ake buƙata (idan kuna da ruwa mai laushi), kuna buƙatar yin amfani da dabaru, alal misali, ƙara kwakwalwan murjani a cikin ƙasa. Sigogin da aka fi dacewa don abun ciki: yanayin zafin jiki 23-27C, ph: 6.0-7.8, 5 - 19 dGH.
Baya ga tauri, suna kuma neman akan tsabtace ruwan da ƙananan abun ciki na ammoniya da nitrates a ciki. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da matatar waje mai ƙarfi a cikin akwatin kifaye kuma a kai a kai ku canza wani ɓangare na ruwa, yayin da ake siyen ƙasan.
A dabi'a, haplochromis suna zaune a wuraren da ake samun tarin duwatsu da yankunan da yake da yashi ƙasa. Gabaɗaya, waɗannan al'umman Malawi ne waɗanda ke buƙatar mafaka da duwatsu da yawa kuma basa buƙatar shuke-shuke kwata-kwata.
Yi amfani da dutsen yashi, itacen busasshe, duwatsu da sauran abubuwa masu ado don ƙirƙirar tsarin halittu.
Karfinsu
Kifi mai tsananin ƙarfi wanda bai kamata a ajiye shi a cikin akwatinan ruwa tare da kifi da salama ba. Suna tare da sauran kayan masarufi da Mbuna na lumana, amma yafi kyau kada a dauke su da aulonokars. Zasu yi yaƙi da mutuwa tare da maza kuma suyi tarayya da mata.
Zai fi kyau a ajiye a garken mata daya maza da mata hudu ko fiye. Werananan mata zasu haifar musu da haihuwa sau ɗaya a shekara ko ƙasa da haka saboda damuwa.
Yawanci, babban akwatin kifaye da yalwar mafaka zai rage matakan damuwa ga mata. Maza sun zama masu saurin fushi da tsufa kuma za su kashe wasu mazan a cikin akwatin kifaye, suna doke mata a kan hanya.
An lura cewa yawaitar mutane a cikin akwatin kifaye yana rage yawan tashin hankali, amma to kuna buƙatar sauya ruwan sau da yawa kuma saka idanu akan abubuwan.
Bambancin jima'i
Bambanta mace da namiji abu ne mai sauki. Maza sun fi girma da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi da yadin rawaya, lemu ko jan ƙarfe a finfin dubura.
Mata mata ne masu azurfa tare da ratsi a tsaye, kodayake suna iya juya launin shuɗi idan sun balaga.
Kiwo
Sake haifuwa tana da nata halaye. Don samun namiji da mace, a matsayin mai ƙa'ida, an tashe su a cikin rukuni daga ƙuruciyarsu. Yayin da kifin ke tsiro, ana rarrabe mazan da suka wuce gona da iri; aikin shine adana ɗayan a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da mata 4 ko sama da haka.
A cikin bauta, suna haihuwar kowane watanni biyu, musamman a lokacin bazara. Suna buƙatar ƙaramin sarari don ba da rai kuma suna iya yin ƙwai koda a cikin tanki mai cunkoson jama'a.
Yayin da kiwo ya gabato, namiji sai ya kara haske yake, ratsiyoyi masu duhu sun fita a jikinsa.
Ya shirya wuri kusa da babban dutse ya tuka mace zuwa wurin. Bayan hadi, mace ta dauki kwayayen a cikin bakinta ta sanya su a ciki. Tana dauke da kwai 15 zuwa 70 a bakinta na sati biyu zuwa uku.
Don ƙara yawan soyayyen da ke raye, mace ce mafi kyau a dasa a cikin akwatin kifaye daban har sai ta saki soya.
Abincin da aka fara shine Artemia nauplii da yankakken abinci ga babban kifi.
