Bayani da fasali na abin ɗamara
Belttail (Latin Cordylidae) dangin dabbobi masu rarrafe ne na umarnin kadangaru, ba su da yawa a cikin jinsuna. Iyali sun haɗa da kusan nau'ikan saba'in, dangane da mallakar waɗanda aka bambanta su Gangaran wutsiya kadangaru ta girman. A matsakaita, tsawon dabbobi masu rarrafe daga 10 zuwa 40 santimita.
Daga dukkan nau'ikan da yawa, yana da sharaɗi a raba duka bel-wutsiyoyi zuwa nau'i biyu:
- wutsiya-wutsiyoyi waɗanda ba su da ko ƙananan ƙafafun hannu a cikin hanyar ƙafa, babban nau'in irin waɗannan abubuwa masu rarrafe shi ne Chamaesaura;
— ainihin wutsiya mai ɗamara - mafi yawan nau'ikan halittar dake da gaɓoɓi biyar-biyar.
Nau'in farko ana wakiltar shi da ƙaramin yawan dabbobi masu rarrafe; suna da jiki mai tsawan maciji. Wutsiya galibi tana da saurin murɗawa kuma a lokacin haɗari kadangarar yakan jefar da ita. Wakilai na nau'i na biyu sun fi yawa. Daga cikin waɗannan, da yawa daga cikin mahimman asali suna fice, kamar su:
— karamin abin ɗamara (Cordylus cataphractus);
— ɗamarar gama gari (Cordylus cordylus);
— wutsiya mai ɗamara mai girma (Smaug giganteus);
Tsarin jikin duk wadannan jinsin suna da kamanceceniya kuma sun sha bamban a girmansu. Misali, tsawon gabashin Afirka, wanda yake na ƙarami, bai wuce santimita 20 ba, yayin da katuwar bel-wutsiya ta kai santimita 40. Duk waɗannan nau'ikan suna da gajerun kafa huɗu, amma masu ƙarfi masu ƙarfi, waɗanda suke da ƙusoshin hannu a yatsunsu.
Wutsiyoyi masu ɗamara suna iya juya wutsiyoyinsu kamar kadangaru na yau da kullun
Jikin ainihin wutsiyar ɗamara an rufe shi da manyan sikeli, a bayansa yana da wuya kuma yana haifar da wani nau'in harsashi mai kariya, a cikin ciki ba shi da ci gaba sosai kuma yana gabatar da wuri mai rauni.
Zuwa karshen wutsiyar, ana shirya sikeli a da'ira a kusa da bakin jiki kuma an kirkiri wani irin bel wanda ya kare da wasu keyoyi, saboda wannan tsarin jikin ne yasa ake kiran wannan dangin kadangaru da wutsiya. A waje yayi kama da wutsiya mai ɗamara kamar karamin dodo daga tatsuniya, don haka yana jan hankalin mutane da kamanninta.
Ba kamar sauran kadangaru ba, waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe suna rayuwa ne a cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi, suna da kusan mutane 50-70. A cikin irin waɗannan iyalai, akwai mata biyu ko uku ga kowane ɗa. Maza suna kare yankin kungiyar daga wasu kadangaru da kananan dabbobi.
Launin waɗannan ɗamarar ya bambanta kuma ya dogara sosai da takamaiman mazaunin, amma sun fi yawa launin ruwan kasa, kore-rawaya da yashi mai rairayi, kodayake akwai nau'ikan launuka masu launin ja, zinariya da haske.
Belts wasu mafarauta ne na musamman kuma suna da nau'ikan ci gaban haƙori, wanda ke nufin cewa lokacin da tsofaffi ko haƙoran da suka karye suka faɗi a wurin su ko kuma sababbi suka girma a kusa.
Wurin zama mai laushi
Abincin dabbobi ya fi son zama a cikin yanayi mara kyau, saboda haka ya samu rarrabuwa a Afirka da tsibirin Madagascar. Babban mazaunin sa shine yankuna masu duwatsu da yashi.
Wasu, 'yan jinsuna kaɗan, suna rayuwa a cikin yankuna masu ciyayi kuma suna hawa sama sosai a yankin tsaunuka. Belt-wutsiyoyi mazauna rana ne kuma suna aiki ne na awanni 12-14 kawai a lokutan hasken rana. Da dare, suna zuwa hutawa a cikin mafakarsu ta fasalin buɗaɗɗun rami, ramuka da watsa duwatsu.
Don kare kansu daga haɗari, waɗannan dabbobin suna da hanyoyi masu ban sha'awa: taananan wutsiya masu ɗamara sun mirgine cikin zobe suna cizon jelarsu da muƙamuƙinsu da ƙarfin da ba zai yiwu a raba su ba, ta haka suna ƙirƙirar zoben da aka zana, da kuma kare wurin da suka fi rauni - ciki, na kowa da ƙato ɓoye tsakanin duwatsu da cikin raƙuman ruwa, inda suke kumbura zuwa girma babba don kada maharbi ya iya cire su daga can.
Don cikakkiyar fahimta game da yadda rarrafe yake cikin zobe, zaku iya kallo hoto na bel wutsiya.
Idan akwai haɗari, ana juya wutsiyar bel a cikin zobe, tana kiyaye kanta da tsini
Ba duk wutsiyoyi masu ɗamara na iya wanzuwa ba. Wasu mutane ne kawai na wasu nau'ikan, gami da ƙananan wutsiyoyi masu ɗamara, masu ɗaci ne kuma suna iya zama a cikin gidan zoo da a gida. Wannan dangin kadangaru suna tsoron mutane kuma, idan suna so su karbe shi a hannunsu, wutsiyar bel din koyaushe zata gudu ta buya.
Abincin abinci mai laushi
Yawancin wutsiyar belin suna cin ciyayi da ƙananan kwari. Wasu nau'ikan, galibi wannan manyan wutsiyoyi masu ɗamaracin kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa da kadangaru.
Fatar wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe suna sha daidai kuma suna tara danshi, saboda haka zasu iya zama ba tare da ruwa ba na tsawon lokaci. A cikin hunturu, a lokacin bushewar lokaci, waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe na iya yin bacci, ta haka suna fuskantar wahala.
Girgilar wutsiya a gida ba mai yawan son abinci bane kuma yana ciyar dashi da kwari iri daya, kwari-kwari, kwarkwata da ciyawar ciyawa. A wasu lokuta ana iya jefa manya-manyan kadangaru tare da linzamin kwamfuta. Wadannan dabbobin ya kamata a basu abinci sama da sau 2-3 a sati, ya danganta da yanayin jikin kadangarun da kuma girman sa. Ruwan da ke cikin terrarium a cikin mashayan ya kamata ya zama na dindindin.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rayuwar bel-wutsiya
Belts dabbobi masu rarrafe ne masu ban mamaki, daga cikin jinsunan su akwai dabbobi masu rai, masu girbi da masu rai. Maza suna balaga da shekaru uku da haihuwa. Hamesaur nau'ikan halittu ne masu ban sha'awa. Sau ɗaya a shekara, a ƙarshen bazara, mace tana haihuwar yara 4-5 har tsawon santimita 15.
Taananan wutsiyoyi masu ɗamara galibi galibi masu rai ne, mata a shirye suke su ɗauki ciki sau ɗaya kawai a shekara kuma su haihu a lokacin bazara wanda bai wuce twoasan biyu ba. Bayan haihuwa, zuriyarsu na iya jagorantar hanyar cin abinci da rayuwa kai tsaye, amma, ba kamar sauran ƙadanganun ba, a cikin ɗakunan ɗamara masu ɗamara na dogon lokaci sun kasance kusa da mace.
Kusan nan da nan bayan haihuwar zuriya, mace ta sake shirya don ɗaukar ciki. Dabbobi masu rarrafe suna rayuwa a cikin kirjin yanayi na dogon lokaci, har zuwa shekaru 25. Wutsiyoyi na ɗamara na gida rayu shekaru 5-7.
Farashin wutsiya belt
Sayi Taan Belt mai matukar wahala, kuma farashin sa zai tsorata da yawa nan da nan. Misali, farashin mutum ɗaya na ƙaramin ɗamara-wutsiya yana farawa daga 2-2.5 dubu Tarayyar Turai, wanda dangane da kuɗin Rasha ya kai dubu 120-170. Ba kowa bane yake son ya fitar da irin wannan kuɗin don dabbar gidan sa.
An jera belin-wutsiyoyi a cikin Littafin Ja, don haka haramun ne a yi irin wannan dabbar gidan a gida
Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, kamun wutsiya da duwawu ba doka ba ce gaba daya, saboda ana kiyaye su a matakin doka - gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu ta shigar da su cikin littafin ta na Red Book.
A tsarin aikin doka na duniya, ana ba da kariya ga kayan ɗamara a cikin "Yarjejeniyar kan Cinikin Internationalasashen Duniya a cikin Dabbobin Dabbobin daji da Dabbobin Da ke Cikin hatsari". Amma, ta wata hanyar, an kama su kuma ana siyar dasu.
Farashin wutsiya belt ya dogara sosai akan ko jinsin halittar rarrafe an ƙaddara, saboda wannan yana da matukar wahalar yi, kuma ga waɗanda ke cikin hayayyafa da hayayyafar ƙadangare, wannan lamarin yana da mahimmin al'amari.
Babu bambance-bambancen jinsi da ake furtawa a wutsiyar ɗamara, galibi maza suna da girma fiye da mata, na biyun suna da madaidaiciyar siffar madaidaiciyar kai sau uku kuma tabbatacciyar azamar jima'i na mai rarrabu mai yiwuwa ne kawai bayan mace ta haifi ɗa na baya.
Baya ga tsadar halittar dabbobi masu rarrafe kanta, kada mutum ya manta da kayan aikin da ake buƙata don kiyaye ƙadangare. Ana buƙatar mafi girman terrarium don wutsiyar ɗamara, ba kamar sauran nau'ikan ƙadangare ba. Yana da mahimmanci a sami fitila mai zafi a cikin terrarium, saboda waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe suna son kasancewa cikin haske da ƙarƙashin rana.
