Tekun Duniya tsarin halittu ne na musamman wanda ke haɓaka bisa ga dokokinta. Ya kamata a ba da hankali na musamman ga duniyar flora da fauna na tekuna. Yankin Tekun Duniya yana da kashi 71% na saman duniyarmu. An rarraba dukkan ƙasar zuwa yankuna na musamman na musamman, inda aka kirkirar da irin nata yanayin, fure da fauna. Kowace daga tekunan duniya hudu tana da halaye irin nata.
Shuke-shuke na Pacific
Babban ɓangaren flora na Tekun Pacific shine phytoplankton. Ya ƙunshi yawancin algae unicellular, kuma wannan ya fi nau'in 1.3 dubu (peridinea, diatoms). A cikin wannan yanki akwai nau'ikan algae kusan 400, yayin da akwai ciyawar teku da furanni 29. A cikin yankuna masu zafi da na subtropics, zaku iya samun murjani da shuke-shuke na mangrove, kazalika da algae ja da kore. Inda yanayin ke cikin sanyi, a cikin yankin yanayi mai sanyin yanayi, kelp brown algae suna girma. Wani lokaci, a cikin zurfin zurfin, akwai manyan algae kimanin mita ɗari biyu. Wani muhimmin ɓangare na tsire-tsire yana cikin yankin teku mai zurfi.
Tsirrai masu zuwa suna rayuwa a cikin Tekun Fasifik:
Algae mara nauyi - Waɗannan sune tsire-tsire mafi sauƙi waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin ruwan gishiri na teku a cikin wurare masu duhu. Saboda kasancewar chlorophyll, suna samun koren launi.
Ciwan cikiwadanda ke da harsashin silica. Su wani ɓangare ne na phytoplankton.
Kelp - girma a wuraren raƙuman ruwa na yau da kullun, ƙirƙirar "bel kelp". Yawancin lokaci ana samun su a zurfin mita 4-10, amma wani lokacin suna ƙasan mitoci 35. Mafi na kowa sune kore da launin ruwan kasa kelp.
Cladophorus Stimpson... Itatuwa kamar-itace, tsire-tsire masu yawa, waɗanda aka kafa ta bishiyoyi, tsawon bunches da rassa ya kai cm 25. Yana girma ne a kan ƙasa mai laka da yashi mai zurfin mita 3-6.
Ulva ya huda... Tsirrai masu hawa biyu, tsayinsu ya bambanta daga centan santimita zuwa mita ɗaya. Suna zaune a zurfin mita 2.5-10.
Tekun Zostera... Wannan ita ce ciyawar teku wacce ake samu a cikin ruwa mara zurfin zuwa mita 4.
Shuke-shuke na Tekun Arctic
Tekun Arctic yana cikin bel na polar kuma yana da yanayi mara kyau. Wannan ya bayyana a cikin samuwar duniyar fure, wanda ke da talauci da ƙananan bambancin. Duniyar tsirrai na wannan tekun ya dogara ne da algae. Masu bincike sun kirga kimanin nau'in 200 na phytoplankton. Waɗannan sune algae unicellular. Su ne kashin bayan sarkar abinci a wannan yankin. Koyaya, phytoalgae suna haɓakawa a nan. Wannan yana sauƙaƙa ta ruwan sanyi, yana ƙirƙirar kyakkyawan yanayi don haɓakar su.
Manyan Tsirrai
Mayar da hankali. Waɗannan algae suna girma cikin daji, suna kai girma daga 10 cm zuwa 2 m.
Anfelcia.Wannan nau'in algae mai duhu yana da filamentous jiki, yana girma 20 cm.
Blackjack... Wannan shukar mai furan, wanda yakai tsawon mita 4, sananne ne a cikin ruwa mara zurfi.
Shuke-shuke na Tekun Atlantika
Furen Tekun Atlantika ya ƙunshi nau'ikan nau'ikan algae da shuke-shuke masu furanni. Mafi yawan jinsunan furannin sune Oceanic Posidonia da Zostera. Ana samun waɗannan tsire-tsire a bakin tekun da ke bakin teku. Dangane da Posadonia, wannan tsohuwar irin tsirrai ne, kuma masana kimiyya sun kafa shekaru - shekaru 100,000.
Kamar yadda yake a cikin sauran tekuna, algae sun mamaye babban yanki a cikin duniyar tsirrai. Yawan su da yawan su ya dogara da yanayin zafin ruwa da zurfin su. Don haka a cikin ruwan sanyi, kelp yafi kowa. Fuchs da jan algae suna girma cikin yanayi mai yanayi. Yankunan wurare masu ɗumi suna da dumi sosai, kuma wannan yanayin bai dace da ci gaban algae ba.
Ruwan dumi yana ba da kyakkyawan yanayin phytoplankton. Yana rayuwa a matsakaita a zurfin mita ɗari kuma yana da hadaddun abun haɗuwa. Tsire-tsire suna canzawa a jikin halittar jikin dogaro da latitude da kuma yanayi. Manya-manyan tsire-tsire a cikin Tekun Atlantika suna girma a ƙasan. Wannan shine yadda Tekun Sargasso ya yi fice, wanda a cikinsa akwai yawan algae. Daga cikin nau'ikan da aka fi sani sune tsire-tsire masu zuwa:
Phylospadix. Wannan layin teku ne, ciyawa, ya kai tsawon mita 2-3, suna da launi mai haske mai haske.
Sunayen haihuwa. Yana faruwa a cikin daji tare da lebur ganye, suna dauke da launi na phycoerythrin.
Brown algae.Akwai nau'ikan su daban-daban a cikin teku, amma an haɗa su da kasancewar launin fucoxanthin. Suna girma a matakai daban-daban: 6-15 m da 40-100 m.
Tekun gishiri
Macrospistis
Hondrus
Red algae
Launin shuni
Tsirrai na Tekun Indiya
Tekun Indiya yana da arzikin algae ja da ruwan kasa. Waɗannan sune kelp, macrocystis da fucus. Yawancin koren algae suna tsiro a yankin ruwa. Hakanan akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan algae. Hakanan akwai ciyawar ruwa mai yawa - poseidonia - a cikin ruwan.
Macrocystis... Algae mai ɗumbin algae, tsawonsa ya kai 45 m a ruwa mai zurfin 20-30 m.
Mayar da hankali... Suna zaune a gindin teku.
Blue-koren algae... Suna girma cikin zurfin daji da yawa.
Tekun Posidonia... An rarraba a zurfin 30-50 m, ya bar har zuwa 50 cm tsawo.
Don haka, ciyayi a cikin teku basu da bambanci kamar na ƙasa. Koyaya, phytoplankton da algae sune tushen. Ana samun wasu nau'ikan a cikin dukkan tekuna, wasu kuma kawai a wasu keɓaɓɓun sararin samaniya, ya danganta da hasken rana da yanayin zafin ruwa.
Gabaɗaya, duniyar ruwa ta Tekun Duniya ba a yi nazari mai yawa ba, don haka kowace shekara masana kimiyya suna gano sabbin nau'in fure na fure da ake buƙatar nazari.
